Search results for " appraisal"
showing 10 items of 102 documents
Are changes in pain, cognitive appraisals and coping strategies associated with changes in physical functioning in older adults with joint pain and c…
2019
Background As the population ages, the number of people with chronic diseases increases. Frequently, older people suffer from joint pain together with other chronic diseases, which can lead to decreased physical functioning. Aims To investigate the associations of the changes in cognitive appraisals, coping strategies and pain with the change in physical functioning in older people, who have chronic pain and chronic diseases. Methods Elderly persons (n = 407, mean age 77 years, and 62% female), with self-reported joint pain and at least two chronic diseases, filled in questionnaires about cognitive appraisals, coping strategies, pain intensity and physical functioning at baseline, at 6- and…
Current status of laparoscopy for acute abdomen in Italy: a critical appraisal of 2012 clinical guidelines from two consecutive nationwide surveys wi…
2017
Background: Several authors have demonstrated the safety and feasibility of laparoscopy in selected cases of abdominal emergencies. The aim of the study was to analyse the current Italian practice on the use of laparoscopy in abdominal emergencies and to evaluate the impact of the 2012 national guidelines on the daily surgical activity. Methods: Two surveys (42 closed-ended questions) on the use of laparoscopy in acute abdomen were conducted nationwide with an online questionnaire, respectively, before (2010) and after (2014) the national guidelines publication. Data from two surveys were compared using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test, and data were considered significant when p < 0.05…
Does a cognitive-training programme improve the performance of middle-aged employees undergoing in-patient psychosomatic treatment?
2008
Purpose. With the ever-increasing average life expectancy and rising age of retirement, cognitive and work capacities in advanced age take on great importance. Cognitive impairments, however, increase with age. The effect of cognitive-training programmes on people with mild cognitive impairment has not been verified in any systematic investigations.Method. This study presents a cognitive-training programme designed for middle-aged employees that was implemented and evaluated at the Psychosomatic Clinic Bad Neustadt/Saale in an AB study design (A: no intervention; B: intervention).Results. Memory performance of the intervention group (n = 33) improved significantly between intake and dischar…
Social comparison as a predictor of changes in burnout among nurses
2010
This study addressed the question whether the affect evoked by social comparisons and individual differences in social comparison orientation (SCO) may predict the development of burnout over a period of one year. The participants were 93 nurses (25 males and 68 females) who filled out a questionnaire twice, with an interval of about one year. Comparisons with others performing better than oneself (upward comparisons) were reported to occur more often, to evoke more positive affect, and to invoke less negative affect than comparisons with others performing worse than oneself (downward comparisons). Those who responded at Time 1 (T1) with more positive affect to upward comparison and with le…
The hypertension of Cushing's syndrome: Controversies in the pathophysiology and focus on cardiovascular complications
2014
Cushing's syndrome is associated with increased mortality, mainly due to cardiovascular complications, which are sustained by the common development of systemic arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome, which partially persist after the disease remission. Cardiovascular diseases and hypertension associated with endogenous hypercortisolism reveal underexplored peculiarities. The use of exogenous corticosteroids also impacts on hypertension and cardiovascular system, especially after prolonged treatment. The mechanisms involved in the development of hypertension differ, whether glucocorticoid excess is acute or chronic, and the source endogenous or exogenous, introducing inconsistencies a…
The origin of failure: A multidisciplinary appraisal of the hubris hypothesis and proposed research agenda
2014
The hubris hypothesis complements the extant debate on how people make judgments and decisions in organizations. Drawing on the origin of hubris in Greek mythology, the psychological approach, and finance studies, this paper portrays an informed picture of the current status of managerial hubris literature that develops a more advanced understanding of what is known about hubris. We present a conceptual map that provides a comprehensive appreciation of hubris antecedents-symptoms-strategic choices-feedback performance main cause effect relationships. Our proposed conceptual map draws on the idea that managerial hubris is one of the determinants of CEO judgments, strategic choices, and organ…
Mass appraisal of residential real estate using multilevel modelling
2016
Mass appraisal, or the automatic valuation of a large number of real estate assets, has attracted the attention of many researchers, who have mainly approached this issue employing traditional econometric models such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). However, this method does not consider the hierarchical structure of the data and therefore assumes the unrealistic hypothesis of the independence of the individuals in the sample. This paper proposes the use of the Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) to overcome this limitation. The HLM also gives valuable information on the percentage of the variance error caused by each level in the hierarchical model. In this study HLM was applied to a large dat…
Emotional Responses During Music Listening
2014
The aim of this chapter is to summarize and present the current knowledge about music and emotion from a multi-disciplinary perspective. Existing emotional models and their adequacy in describing emotional responses to music are described and discussed in different applications. The underlying emotion induction mechanisms beside cognitive appraisal are presented, and their implications on the field are analyzed. Musical characteristics such as tempo, mode, loudness, and so on are inherent properties of the musical structure and have been shown to influence the emotional states during music listening. The role of each individual parameter on emotional responses as well as their interactions …
Burnout prevalence in pediatricians of general hospitals
2008
OBJETIVO: Analizar la prevalencia del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout) en pediatras de hospitales generales siguiendo criterios de diferentes países. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, no aleatorio, realizado en Buenos Aires, Argentina, en 2006. La muestra la formaron 123 pediatras que trabajaban en Servicios de Pediatría de hospitales generales, 89 fueron mujeres (72,4%) y 34 hombres (27,6%). Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un cuestionario anónimo y autoadministrado. El SQT fue diagnosticado utilizando el Maslach Burnout Inventory, con diferentes criterios para establecer su prevalencia. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia del SQT, varió en función del criterio utilizado: siguiendo los …
Young managers’ drive to thrive: A personal work goal approach to burnout and work engagement
2009
This study approaches young managers’ occupational well-being through their work-related goal pursuit. The main aim was to identify content categories of personal work goals and investigate their associations with background factors, goal appraisals, burnout, and work engagement. The questionnaire data consisted of 747 young Finnish managers (23–35 years; M = 31 years) who were mostly men (85.5%). Seven work-related content categories were found on the basis of qualitative data analysis: (1) competence goals (30.5%), (2) progression goals (23.7%), (3) well-being goals (15.2%), (4) job change goals (13.7%), (5) job security goals (7.4%), (6) organizational goals (5.6%), and (7) financial goa…