Search results for " approximation"

showing 10 items of 575 documents

Double beta decay: an interface between nuclear, particle and atomic physics

2013

General properties of the nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) related to the various modes of neutrinoless double β decays are examined and analyzed. The decays include the electron-emitting double beta-minus decays β−β− and the various positron-emitting/electron capture decays. Special interest is devoted to the neutrinoless double electron capture decay with a resonance condition.

PhysicsHistoryParticle physicsElectron captureResonance (particle physics)Beta decayComputer Science ApplicationsEducationNuclear physicsDouble beta decayParticleHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentRandom phase approximationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Generalization of the atomic random-phase-approximation method for diatomic molecules:N2photoionization cross-section calculations

2000

Partial and total photoionization cross sections of ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ molecule are calculated using the generalization of the random-phase approximation (RPA) which earlier has been successfully applied to the description of the atomic photoionization processes. According to this method, at first the Hartree-Fock (HF) ground-state wave functions are calculated in prolate spheroidal coordinates using the fixed-nuclei approximation. With their help the zero order basis set of single particle Hartree-Fock wave functions containing both discrete excited states and continuous spectrum is calculated in the field of a frozen core of a singly charged ion. The calculations are performed for all fou…

PhysicsIonizationExcited stateContinuous spectrumPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhotoionizationAtomic physicsRandom phase approximationWave functionDiatomic moleculeAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBasis setPhysical Review A
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Neutral-current supernova-neutrino cross sections for Pb204,206,208 calculated by Skyrme quasiparticle random-phase approximation

2019

The present work constitutes a detailed study of neutral-current (NC) supernova-neutrino scattering off the stable even-even lead isotopes Pb204,206,208. This is a continuation of our previous work [Almosly et al., Phys. Rev. C. 94, 044614 (2016)10.1103/PhysRevC.94.044614] where we investigated charged-current processes on the same nuclei. As in the previous work, we have adopted the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) as the theory framework and use three different Skyrme interactions to build the involved nuclear wave functions. We test the Skyrme forces by computing the location of the lowest-order isovector spin-multipole giant resonances and comparing with earlier calculati…

PhysicsIsovectorNeutral current010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringNuclear Theory01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsSupernova0103 physical sciencesQuasiparticleNeutrino010306 general physicsRandom phase approximationWave functionPhysical Review C
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Plasma Electron Kinetics and Distribution Functions in Laser Fields

2010

A concise review of the properties of electron distribution functions in a fully ionized plasma in the presence of a high-frequency laser field is presented. In detail is discussed the physical origin of most of the reported results in the case of strong fields. The presence of a laser field, through the inverse bremsstrahlung absorption, alters dynamically the roles of and the interplay between electron-ion and electron-electron collisions shaping the distribution function. Special attention is paid to the role of e-e collisions in the process of laser-plasma interaction.

PhysicsLaser-plasma interactionField (physics)Anisotropic heatingBremsstrahlungPlasmaDiscrete dipole approximationLaserlaw.inventionHarmonic generation in plasmaDistribution functionlawIonizationAnisotropic bi-MaxwellianElectromagnetic electron waveEDFAtomic physics
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Correlation in the transition-metal-based Heusler compoundsCo2MnSiandCo2FeSi

2006

Half-metallic ferromagnets, such as the Heusler compounds with formula ${X}_{2}YZ$, are expected to show an integer value for the spin magnetic moment. In contrast to experiments, calculations give noninteger values in certain cases where the compounds are based on $X=\mathrm{Co}$. In order to explain deviations of the magnetic moment calculated for such compounds, the dependence of the electronic structure on the lattice parameter was studied theoretically. In the local density approximation (LDA), the minimum total energy of ${\mathrm{Co}}_{2}\mathrm{FeSi}$ is found for the experimental lattice parameter, but the calculated magnetic moment is approximately 12% too low. In addition, half-m…

PhysicsLattice constantCondensed matter physicsMagnetic momentElectronic correlationExchange interactionOrder (ring theory)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsLocal-density approximationCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron magnetic dipole momentElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSpin magnetic momentPhysical Review B
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Weak itinerant ferromagnetism and electronic and crystal structures of alkali-metal iron antimonides: NaFe4Sb12andKFe4Sb12

2004

The synthesis, chemical, structural, and magnetic properties of alkali-metal compounds with filled-skutterudite structure, $\mathrm{Na}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{4}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{12}$ and $\mathrm{K}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{4}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{12}$, are described. X-ray and neutron diffraction and elemental analysis established the crystal structure without defects and disorder on the cation site. The temperature and pressure dependence of the cubic unit cell of $\mathrm{Na}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{4}{\mathrm{Sb}}_{12}$ and the displacement parameter of Na are investigated. The electronic structure is calculated by density functional methods (LMTO, FPLO). Quantum chemical calculations (electron localization function) reveal …

PhysicsMagnetic momentCondensed matter physicsNeutron diffractionCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron localization functionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsParamagnetismCrystallographyCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsIsostructuralLocal-density approximationHyperfine structurePhysical Review B
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Coherent potential approximation for diffusion and wave propagation in topologically disordered systems

2013

Using Gaussian integral transform techniques borrowed from functional-integral field theory and the replica trick we derive a version of the coherent-potential approximation (CPA) suited for describing ($i$) the diffusive (hopping) motion of classical particles in a random environment and ($ii$) the vibrational properties of materials with spatially fluctuating elastic coefficients in topologically disordered materials. The effective medium in the present version of the CPA is not a lattice but a homogeneous and isotropic medium, representing an amorphous material on a mesoscopic scale. The transition from a frequency-independent to a frequency-dependent diffusivity (conductivity) is shown …

PhysicsMesoscopic physicsWave propagationGaussianIsotropyFOS: Physical sciencesDisordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural NetworksElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsGaussian integralsymbolsCoherent potential approximationStatistical physicsRayleigh scatteringReplica trick
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Effect of reactant spatial distribution in theA+B→0reaction kinetics in one dimension with Coulomb interaction

1996

The effect of nonequilibrium charge screening in the kinetics of the one-dimensional, diffusion-controlled $A+B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ reaction between charged reactants in solids and liquids is studied. The incorrectness of the static, Debye-H\"uckel theory is shown. Our microscopic formalism is based on the Kirkwood superposition approximation for three-particle densities and the self-consistent treatment of the electrostatic interactions defined by the nonuniform spatial distribution of similar and dissimilar reactants treated in terms of the relevant joint correlation functions. Special attention is paid to the pattern formation due to a reaction-induced non-Poissonian fluctuation sp…

PhysicsMesoscopic physicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectKirkwood approximationCoulombThermodynamicsNon-equilibrium thermodynamicsAtomic physicsElectrostaticsFluctuation spectrumAsymmetryCritical exponentmedia_commonPhysical Review E
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Filter performance parameters for vectorial high-aperture wave fields.

2008

Performance parameters have been presented that can be used to compare the focusing performance of different optical systems, including the effect of pupil filters. These were originally given for the paraxial case and recently extended to the high-aperture scalar regime. We generalize these parameters to the full vectorial case for an aplanatic optical system illuminated by a plane-polarized wave. The behavior of different optical systems is compared.

PhysicsMicroscopyParabolic reflectorAperturebusiness.industryParaxial approximationScalar (physics)Physics::OpticsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedFilter (signal processing)Image EnhancementAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsElectric fieldImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedOptical filterbusinessImage resolutionAlgorithmsFiltrationOptics letters
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RPA in wavefunction representation

1992

The RPA is formulated in subspaces of coordinate-like and momentum-like I ph operators. This allows to embed a large class of approximative schemes into a generalized RPA treatment. We give a detailed formulation in terms of wavefunctions in coordinate space which is ideally suited to practical programming. In particular, we work out the reduction to spherical tensors in the case of spherical symmetry which is most often the starting point in finite Fermion systems.

PhysicsMomentum operatorQuantum mechanicsPosition operatorGeneral Physics and AstronomyCircular symmetryCoordinate spaceWave functionRepresentation (mathematics)Random phase approximationLinear subspaceMathematical physicsAnnalen der Physik
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