Search results for " artifact"

showing 10 items of 63 documents

Impact of intravascular enhancement, heart rate, and calcium score on diagnostic accuracy in multislice computed tomography coronary angiography.

2005

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of intravascular enhancement, heart rate, and calcium score on diagnostic accuracy in the detection of significant coronary artery stenosis using 16-row multislice computed tomography (MSCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred patients (88 males; 59+/-11 years) with suspected coronary artery disease who had undergone conventional coronary angiography (CA) and MSCT-CA were retrospectively enrolled for the study. Patients underwent a MSCT-CA, with the following protocol: collimation 16x0.75 mm, gantry rotation time 420 ms, feed/rotation 2.8 mm, kV 120, mAs 400-500. The protocol for contrast material administration was 100 ml of Iodixanol 320 mgI/ml at 4 ml/s and …

MaleStatistical Female *Heart Rate Humans Male Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Sensitivity and Specificity TomographyContrast MediaCoronary DiseaseCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary AngiographySensitivity and SpecificityHeart RateTriiodobenzoic AcidsHumanscoronary artery stenosisAgedRetrospective StudiesBody WeightCoronary StenosisCalcinosisMiddle AgedAged Artifacts Body Weight Calcinosis/*radiography Contrast Media Coronary Angiography/*methods Coronary Artery Disease/radiography Coronary Disease/*radiography Coronary Stenosis/radiography Data Interpretation; Statistical Female *Heart Rate Humans Male Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Sensitivity and Specificity Tomography; X-Ray Computed/*methods Triiodobenzoic Acids/administration & dosage/diagnostic useX-Ray Computed/*methods Triiodobenzoic Acids/administration & dosage/diagnostic useData Interpretation StatisticalAged Artifacts Body Weight Calcinosis/*radiography Contrast Media Coronary Angiography/*methods Coronary Artery Disease/radiography Coronary Disease/*radiography Coronary Stenosis/radiography Data InterpretationFemalemultislice computed tomography (MSCT)ArtifactsTomography X-Ray Computedcoronary artery stenosis; multislice computed tomography (MSCT)
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A human post-mortem brain model for the standardization of multi-centre MRI studies

2015

Multi-centre MRI studies of the brain are essential for enrolling large and diverse patient cohorts, as required for the investigation of heterogeneous neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, the multi-site comparison of standard MRI data sets that are weighted with respect to tissue parameters such as the relaxation times (T1, T2) and proton density (PD) may be problematic, as signal intensities and image contrasts depend on site-specific details such as the sequences used, imaging parameters, and sensitivity profiles of the radiofrequency (RF) coils. Water or gel phantoms are frequently used for long-term and/or inter-site quality assessment. However, these phantoms hardly mimic t…

Models Anatomicmedicine.medical_specialtyNeurologyCognitive NeuroscienceModels NeurologicalMulti-centre MRI studies; Post-mortem brain; Quantitative MRI; Standardization; Aged; Artifacts; Brain; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Phantoms Imaging; Reproducibility of Results; Models Anatomic; Models Neurological; Postmortem Changes; Cognitive Neuroscience; Neurology; Medicine (all)Cognitive neuroscienceImaging phantomPhantomsImagingWhite matterModelsPost-mortem brainmedicineHumansMulticenter Studies as TopicMagnetization transferMulti-centre MRI studiesAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingMedicine (all)AnatomicBrainReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingHuman brainQuantitative MRIMagnetic Resonance ImagingStandardizationmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyPostmortem ChangesNeurologicalFemaleBrainstemNuclear medicinebusinessArtifacts
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A fully automated method for accurate measurement of geometrical distortion in magnetic resonance imaging of a 3D-lattice phantom

2019

Abstract This paper describes an automated method for extracting the apparent positions of fiducial points from 2D or 3D images of a phantom. We consider a 3D-lattice phantom for two main reasons: first, ease of manufacture and isotropy of its structure with respect to coordinate projections; second, a connected structure allowing to uniquely assess the adjacency relationship between fiducial points even if geometric distortions arising from main magnet inhomogeneity and gradient fields non-linearity is severe as observed in open-bore systems. In order to validate our proposed method and compare different choices for the parameters of our phantom (i.e. number and distance between grids and …

Offset (computer science)RegistrationImage qualityComputer scienceBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsImage enhancement/restoration (noise and artifact reduction)Signal-To-Noise RatioImaging phantomPattern Recognition Automated030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineSoftwareRobustness (computer science)HumansComputer SimulationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Fiducial point localizationElectronic Data ProcessingPhantoms ImagingSettore ING-INF/03 - Telecomunicazionibusiness.industryAirSpherical harmonicsModels TheoreticalMagnetic Resonance ImagingPhantom designPersonal computerAdjacency listbusinessAlgorithmSoftware030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMagnetic Resonance Imaging
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Photoplethysmography In Dogs And Cats: Selection Of Measurement Sites For Pet Monitor

2018

The PPG measurements of the study Cugmas et al, 2018. Notes.txt include all information about the dataset.

Pet monitorSignal quality indexOxygen saturationVeterinary medicineHeart ratePulse oximeterPhotoplethysmographyMotion artifact
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Photoplethysmograhic sensors, potential and limitations: Is it time for regulation? A comprehensive review

2023

Healthcare is expected to increasingly shift care out of inpatient settings thanks to wearable monitoring systems. Photoplethysmography (PPG) is an optical technique already integrated into wrist-worn commercial products which presents significant advantages in terms of cost and dimensions. PPG-based devices, despite their ability to detect multiple cardiovascular parameters, are affected by several influencing conditions that depend both on technological or environmental variables, and on intra- and inter-subject variability that influences the whole measurement chain and reliability, hindering an objective characterization of PPG devices. Plus, the lack of standardization for data collect…

Photoplethysmography (PPG)Optical sensorsHeart Rate (HR)Sources of inaccuracyMotion artifactsStandardization
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Fast multi-directional DSLM for confocal detection without striping artifacts

2020

In recent years light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) has become a cornerstone technology for neuroscience, improving the quality and capabilities of 3D imaging. By selectively illuminating a single plane, it provides intrinsic optical sectioning and fast image recording, while minimizing out of focus fluorescence background, sample photo-damage and photo-bleaching. However, images acquired with LSFM are often affected by light absorption or scattering effects, leading to un-even illumination and striping artifacts. In this work we present an optical solution to this problem, via fast multi-directional illumination of the sample, based on an acousto-optical deflector (AOD). We demonstr…

Point spread functionMaterials scienceOptical sectioningImage qualitymedia_common.quotation_subjectConfocalconfocal detection01 natural sciencesLight scatteringArticlelaw.invention010309 optics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesFluorescence microscopeContrast (vision)media_common030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbusiness.industryLaserSample (graphics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsstriping artifactsdigital scanned laser light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (DSLM)light sheet stripingFocus (optics)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiotechnology
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A Sociocultural Approach to Children’s Visual Creations

2021

AbstractThis chapter locates the book within the research on children’s art. It explores interpretations of children’s visual creations throughout the twentieth century and situates the approach of the book within the research landscape. The authors take developmental psychological, educational, and aesthetic approaches to form a sociocultural view of children’s art, challenging many of the previous research assumptions. Through adopting the paradigm of the sociocultural approach, the authors embrace its view of children as competent cultural actors and active participants in cultural production. Thus, the discussion focuses on meaning-making: the authors analyze visual artifacts made by st…

Power (social and political)AestheticsSociocultural approachSociologyVisual artifactSociocultural evolution
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Illumination correction on biomedical images

2014

RF-Inhomogeneity Correction (aka bias) artifact is an important re- search field in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Bias corrupts MR images alter- ing their illumination even though they are acquired with the most recent scanners. Homomorphic Unsharp Masking (HUM) is a filtering technique aimed at correcting illumination inhomogeneity, but it produces a halo around the edges as a side effect. In this paper a novel correction scheme based on HUM is proposed to correct the artifact mentioned above without introducing the halo. A wide experimentation has been performed on MR images. The method has been tuned and evaluated using the simulated Brainweb image database. In this framework, the ap…

RF-inhomogeneity MRI magnetic resonance homomorphic unsharp masking bias artifactSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazioni
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Image-based MRI Gradient Estimation

2017

In order to reduce geometric distortion phenomena in MR images, every MRI system main magnet undergoes a shimming process. Since this process aims at optimizing magnetic field homogeneity within a so-called uniformity sphere, image quality outside this sphere is neglected. Since the fields vary smoothly in space, MR signal-to-noise ratio is still non-zero just outside the uniformity region, but correction of MR image distortion fails due to lack of magnetic field knowledge outside it. We propose a novel algorithm for measuring all the fields involved in the generation of images. Our proposal is based on exploitation of the distortion which can be observed in images of a known phantom. The p…

RegistrationImage qualityComputer scienceBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsImage enhancement/restoration (noise and artifact reduction)Signal-To-Noise Ratio01 natural sciencesGeometric distortionImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0103 physical sciencesHomogeneity (physics)Gradient estimationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)010306 general physicsPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industrySettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetic fieldMagnetArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsImage based
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Through a Glass, Darkly

2013

Political actors increasingly use the microblogging service, Twitter, for the organization, coordination, and documentation of collective action. These interactions with Twitter leave digital artifacts that can be analyzed. In this article, we look at Twitter messages commenting on one of the most contentious protests in Germany’s recent history, the protests against the infrastructure project Stuttgart 21. We analyze all messages containing the hashtag #s21 that were posted between May 25, 2010, and November 14, 2010, by the 80,000 most followed Twitter users in Germany. We do this to answer three questions: First, what distinguishes events that resulted in high activity on Twitter from ev…

Service (systems architecture)Digital artifactMicrobloggingGeneral Social SciencesAdvertisingLibrary and Information SciencesCollective actionComputer Science ApplicationsPoliticsDocumentationComputational sociologySocial mediaSociologyLawSocial Science Computer Review
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