Search results for " attention"
showing 10 items of 228 documents
La patria potestad prorrogada y la patria potestad rehabilitada en el nuevo proyecto de ley de reforma de la legislación civil y procesal para el apo…
2021
It is intended to analyze and reflect in the present work about the institution of the extension of parental authority and parental authority rehabilitated in the new regulation in the Draft Law that reforms the civil and procedural legislation to support people with disabilities in the exercise of their legal capacity. In this project, the extended parental authority and the rehabilitated parental authority are eliminated from the scope of disability, following a criterion that demands the treatment of people with disabilities with the attention that their specific situation requires, eliminating a regime that seems contrary to the system of promoting the autonomy of adults with disabiliti…
Pre-marital and pre-unional financial agreements and their circulation in the context of the new EU regulations 2016/1103 and 2016/1104
2021
Regulations (EU) 2016/1103 and 2016/1104 provide spouses and partners with the possibility to conclude agreements for the organization of their property regime but do not detail their content and structure. Moreover, while the possibility to conclude those agreements even prior to the marriage or the conclusion of a registered partnership is a valuable innovation in comparison with other European Regulations in family matters, some choices made by the European legislator on applicable law will likely be source of inconveniences. Furthermore, as for their recognition and enforcement in the participating Member States ? which will be based on the same rules enacted for decisions, authentic in…
Biaixos atencionals en l’esquizofrènia: una revisió bibliogràfica
2018
Antecedents: En la present revisió s’analitzen diverses investigacions on s’estudien els biaixos atencionals en el processament de la informació d’estímuls amb diferent valència emocional en persones amb esquizofrènia. Metodologia: Bases de dades PubMed i PsycINFO, articles complets en anglés, que utilitzen participants adults. L’objectiu és analitzar articles des de l’any 2000 al 2016 on s’estudien els biaixos atencionals en l’esquizofrènia. Pregunta de recerca: Existeixen biaixos atencionals en el processament de la informació davant estímuls amb diferent valència emocional ‒càrrega emocional agradable, desagradable o neutra‒ en persones amb esquizofrènia? Resultats: 22 articles, dels qua…
Specific transfer effects following variable priority dual-task training in older adults
2016
International audience; Purpose: Past divided attention training studies in older adults have suggested that variable priority training (VPT) tends to show larger improvement than fixed priority training (FPT). However, it remains unclear whether VPT leads to larger transfer effects. Methods: In this study, eighty-three older adults aged between 55 and 65 received five 1-hour sessions of VPT, FPT or of an active placebo. VPT and FPT subjects trained on a complex dual-task condition with variable stimulus timings in order to promote more flexible and self-guided strategies with regard to attentional priority devoted to the concurrent tasks. Real-time individualized feedback was provided to e…
An Autistic Endophenotype and Testosterone Are Involved in an Atypical Decline in Selective Attention and Visuospatial Processing in Middle-Aged Women
2015
Mothers of offspring with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) could present mild forms of their children’s cognitive characteristics, resulting from prenatal brain exposure and sensitivity to testosterone (T). Indeed, their cognition is frequently characterized by hyper-systemizing, outperforming in tests that assess cognitive domains such as selective attention, and fine motor and visuospatial skills. In the general population, all these start to decline around the mid-forties. This study aimed to characterize whether middle-aged women who are biological mothers of individuals with ASD had better performance in the aforementioned cognitive skills than mothers of normative children (in both gro…
Tower of Hanoi and working memory in adult persons with intellectual disability
2001
Persons with intellectual disability (ID) have been found to perform more poorly than their mental age would suggest in the visuo-spatial problem solving task Tower of Hanoi (TOH). Inefficient performance has been assumed to be related to inability to use sophisticated problem solving strategies because of restricted working memory capacity. In the present study, the TOH performance of adult persons with ID was found to be equal to that of fluid-intelligence-matched general children. However, persons with ID violated the rules of the TOH more often, and needed more trials to solve the TOH problems than the children did. Visuo-spatial and executive working memory tasks were significantly con…
Music-induced positive mood broadens the scope of auditory attention
2017
Previous studies indicate that positive mood broadens the scope of visual attention, which can manifest as heightened distractibility. We used event-related potentials (ERP) to investigate whether music-induced positive mood has comparable effects on selective attention in the auditory domain. Subjects listened to experimenter-selected happy, neutral or sad instrumental music and afterwards participated in a dichotic listening task. Distractor sounds in the unattended channel elicited responses related to early sound encoding (N1/MMN) and bottom-up attention capture (P3a) while target sounds in the attended channel elicited a response related to top-down-controlled processing of task-releva…
Strategic inhibition of distractors with visual working memory contents after involuntary attention capture
2017
AbstractPrevious research has suggested that visual working memory (VWM) contents had a guiding effect on selective attention, and once participants realized that the distractors shared the same information with VWM contents in the search task, they would strategically inhibit the potential distractors with VWM contents. However, previous behavioral studies could not reveal the way how distractors with VWM contents are inhibited strategically. By employing the eye-tracking technique and a dual-task paradigm, we manipulated the probability of memory items occurring as distractors to explore this issue. Consistent with previous behavioral studies, the results showed that the inhibitory effect…
Executive and arousal vigilance decrement in the context of the attentional networks: The ANTI-Vea task
2018
Vigilance is generally understood as the ability to detect infrequent critical events through long time periods. In tasks like the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), participants tend to detect fewer events across time, a phenomenon known as vigilance decrement. However, vigilance might also involve sustaining a tonic arousal level. In the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT), the vigilance decrement corresponds to an increment across time in both mean and variability of reaction time. New Method: The present study aimed to develop a single task Attentional Networks Test for Interactions and Vigilance executive and arousal components (ANTI-Vea) to simultaneously assess both components…
Effects of Selective Attention on Syntax Processing in Music and Language
2010
Abstract The present study investigated the effects of auditory selective attention on the processing of syntactic information in music and speech using event-related potentials. Spoken sentences or musical chord sequences were either presented in isolation, or simultaneously. When presented simultaneously, participants had to focus their attention either on speech, or on music. Final words of sentences and final harmonies of chord sequences were syntactically either correct or incorrect. Irregular chords elicited an early right anterior negativity (ERAN), whose amplitude was decreased when music was simultaneously presented with speech, compared to when only music was presented. However, t…