Search results for " attention"
showing 10 items of 228 documents
Regular rhythmic primes boost P600 in grammatical error processing in dyslexic adults and matched controls
2020
International audience; Regular musical rhythms orient attention over time and facilitate processing. Previous research has shown that regular rhythmic stimulation benefits subsequent syntax processing in children with dyslexia and specific language impairment. The present EEG study examined the influence of a rhythmic musical prime on the P600 late evoked-potential, associated with grammatical error detection for dyslexic adults and matched controls. Participants listened to regular or irregular rhythmic prime sequences followed by grammatically correct and incorrect sentences. They were required to perform grammaticality judgments for each auditorily presented sentence while EEG was recor…
Frontal subregions mediating Elevator Counting task performance.
2010
Deficits in sustained attention may lead to action slips in everyday life as irrelevant action sequences are inappropriately triggered internally or by the environment. While deficits in sustained attention have been associated with damage to the frontal lobes of the brain, little is known about the role of the frontal lobes in the Elevator Counting subtest of the Test of Everyday Attention. In the current study, 55 frontal patients subdivided into medial, orbital and lateral subgroups, 18 patients with posterior lesions and 82 healthy controls performed the Elevator Counting task. The results revealed that patients with medial and left lateral prefrontal lesions were significantly impaired…
Inter-hemispheric remapping between arm proprioception and vision of the hand is disrupted by single pulse TMS on the left parietal cortex.
2013
International audience; Parietal cortical areas are involved in sensori-motor transformations for their respective contralateral hemifield/body. When arms of the subjects are crossed while their gaze is fixed straight ahead, vision of the hand is processed by the hemisphere ipsilateral to the arm position and proprioception of the arm by the contralateral hemisphere. It induces interhemispheric transfer and remapping. Our objective was to investigate whether a single pulse TMS applied to the left parietal cortical area would disturb interhemispheric remapping in a similar case, and would increase a simple reaction time (RT) with respect to a control single pulse TMS applied to the frontal c…
Instructions for External Focus of Attention Improved Taekwondo Kicking Performance Only Among Less Skilled Youth
2022
External focus of attention (EFA) studies among children have yielded more equivocal results than have those among adults. Some investigators have found an internal focus of attention (IFA) advantage in children and have explained their results by children’s generally lower skill levels, compared to adults. According to the constrained action hypothesis, children’s lower skill levels are not yet associated with over-learned automatic movement patterns, so their motor performance is not disrupted by IFA instructions. In this study, our objective was to examine a possible interaction effect between children’s skill levels and their exposure to either IFA or EFA instructions on motor performa…
Happiness in advanced adulthood and elderly: The role of positive emotions, flourishing and mindfulness as wellbeing factors for successful ageing
2019
This study critically analyses the role of Happiness among the Portuguese elderly. The term is understood as a grouping of variables including Subjective Well-being, defined by satisfaction with life, positive and negative affects, flourishing, optimism and pessimism, positive and negative emotions, meaning of life, religiosity, Spirituality, and mindfulness. The qualities of Happiness are explored as they contribute to successful ageing and higher levels of Happiness in the elderly. We conducted a correlational study of 329 participants, aged 55 to 98 years. We used several questionnaires to gather data as a socio-demographic questionnaire, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Positive and…
Longitudinal Study on Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART): Clustering Approach for Mobility and Cognitive Decline
2022
The Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) is a computer-based go/no-go task to measure neurocognitive function in older adults. However, simplified average features of this complex dataset lead to loss of primary information and fail to express associations between test performance and clinically meaningful outcomes. Here, we combine a novel method to visualise individual trial (raw) information obtained from the SART test in a large population-based study of ageing in Ireland and an automatic clustering technique. We employed a thresholding method, based on the individual trial number of mistakes, to identify poorer SART performances and a fuzzy clusters algorithm to partition the da…
The Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices in Healthy Children: A Qualitative Approach
2020
Studies on the structure of intelligence refer to two main theoretical models: the first one considers intelligence as a unitary construct, the second one assumes the involvement of a plurality of factors. Studies using Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) tasks have often highlighted the involvement of different cognitive abilities and brain structures, but in the clinical setting, RCPM measurement continues to be used as a single score. The current study aimed to analyse the RCPM performance following qualitative clustering, in order to provide an interpretation of the intelligence assessment through a factorial criterion. The RCPM have been administered to a large group of typica…
Emergence and development of joint attention in infancy
2013
La Atención Conjunta constituye la primera condición sobre la que se construye la comunicación. De ahí el enorme interés que despierta su estudio, dada su influencia sobre el desarrollo cognitivo, social, emocional, y lingüístico humano. Este artículo presenta una revisión de la investigación sobre la aparición y el desarrollo de la Atención Conjunta en la infancia, poniendo de relieve los principales elementos de debate sobre dicha temática. Comenzamos examinando el concepto de intencionalidad en la definición de la Atención Conjunta, para describir a continuación la secuencia de desarrollo de dicha capacidad. Finalizamos el trabajo ofreciendo algunos datos que relacionan la Atención Conju…
The "ticktock" of our internal clock: direct brain evidence of subjective accents in isochronous sequences.
2003
The phenomenon commonly known as subjective accenting refers to the fact that identical sound events within purely isochronous sequences are perceived as unequal. Although subjective accenting has been extensively explored using behavioral methods, no physiological evidence has ever been provided for it. In the present study, we tested the notion that these perceived irregularities are related to the dynamic deployment of attention. We disrupted listeners' expectancies in different positions of auditory equitone sequences and measured their responses through brain event-related potentials (ERPs). Significant differences in a late parietal (P3-like) ERP component were found between the resp…
Cross-modal aftereffects of visuo-manual prism adaptation: Transfer to auditory divided attention in healthy subjects.
2021
OBJECTIVE Prism adaptation was shown to modify auditory perception. Using a dichotic listening task, which assesses auditory divided attention, benefits of a rightward prism adaptation were demonstrated in neglect patients (i.e., a syndrome following right hemisphere brain damage) by reducing their left auditory extinction. It is currently unknown whether prism adaptation affects auditory divided attention in healthy subjects. In the present study, we investigated the aftereffects of prism adaptation on dichotic listening. METHOD A sample of 47 young adults performed a dichotic listening task, in which pairs of words were presented with two words sounded simultaneously, one in each ear. Thr…