Search results for " behaviour."
showing 10 items of 1017 documents
Drivers’ experiences during floods : investigating the psychological influences underpinning decisions to avoid driving through floodwater
2018
A major risk factor for many flood-related drownings is driving through floodwater. We aimed to understand Australian drivers’ experiences and beliefs with respect to avoid driving through floodwater using the theory of planned behaviour as a framework. Study 1 (N = 23) used a qualitative design to gain an in-depth understanding of individuals’ experiences with driving through floodwater. Study 2 (N = 157) used a survey-based design to identify the factors related to this behaviour including knowledge, beliefs, and social-cognitive factors. In Study 1, drivers identified a range of advantages (e.g., didn’t damage car), disadvantages (e.g., inconvenient, but not so terrible), barriers (e.g.,…
Implementing positive behaviour intervention and support in Finnish early childhood education and care : leadership team’s perspective
2023
The effective implementation of positive behaviour intervention and support (PBIS) requires both organisational and professional change. This means that the whole community including all educators and children commit to shared principles, practices, and structures to create a safe and supportive social climate. In this article, we investigate the initial implementation of the Finnish PBIS ProVaka in eighteen early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres. Our inductive qualitative analysis of longitudinal progress diary data focuses on roles, responsibilities and communication among the ECEC communities. The results show that successful ProVaka development is a matter of successfully exp…
Aposematism in the burying beetle? Dual function of anal fluid in parental care and chemical defence
2017
Burying beetles (Nicrophorus vespilloides) bear distinctive and variable orange-black patterning on their elytra and produce an anal exudate from their abdomen when threatened. During breeding, the anal exudates contribute to the antimicrobial defence of the breeding resource. We investigated whether the anal exudates also provide a responsive chemical defence, which is advertised to potential avian predators by the beetle’s orange and black elytral markings. We found that that the orange-black elytral markings of the burying beetle are highly conspicuous for avian predators against range of backgrounds, by using computer simulations. Using bioassays with wood ants, we also showed that the …
Behavioural adaptations of argulid parasites (Crustacea: Branchiura) to major challenges in their life cycle
2015
Fish lice (Argulus spp.) are obligate ectoparasites, which contrary to most aquatic parasites, retain the ability to swim freely throughout the whole of their life. In fish farms, they can quickly increase in numbers and without effective control cause argulosis, which results in the reduced growth and survival of their fish hosts. The morphology of Argulus spp, including their sensory organs, is suitable for both parasitism and free-swimming. By spending a considerable amount of time away from their host, these parasites risk being excessively dispersed, which could endanger mating success. Here we present a review of recent studies on the behaviour of Argulus spp, especially the aggregati…
The Effects of General and Mobile Online Shopping Skilfulness and Multichannel Self-Efficacy on Consumer Showrooming Behaviour
2022
Although showrooming behaviour is a characteristic aspect of modern omnichannel retailing, our understanding of its antecedents remains limited. In this study, we aim to address this gap in prior research by examining how showrooming behaviour is affected by three different kinds of perceived consumer capabilities: general online shopping skilfulness, mobile online shopping skilfulness, and multichannel self-efficacy. The examination is done by utilising data from 1,024 Finnish consumers, which was collected with an online survey in 2021 and is analysed with structural equation modelling (SEM). In summary, we find mobile online shopping skilfulness to have a strong positive effect on showro…
Using AI to personalise emotionally appealing advertisement
2019
Personal data and information collected online by companies can be used to design and personalise advisements. This chapter extends existing research into the online behavioural advertising by proposing a model that incorporates artificial intelligence and machine learning into developing emotionally appealing advertisements. It is proposed that big data and consumer analytics collected through AI from different sources will be aggregated to have a better understanding of consumers as individuals. Personalised emotionally appealing advertisements will be created with this information and shared digitally using pragmatic advertising strategies. Theoretically, this chapter contributes towards…
Short-term responses of Rana arvalis tadpoles to pH and predator stress: adaptive divergence in behavioural and physiological plasticity?
2022
Environmental stress is a major driver of ecological and evolutionary processes in nature. To cope with stress, organisms can adjust through phenotypic plasticity and/or adapt through genetic change. Here, we compared short-term behavioural (activity) and physiological (corticosterone levels, CORT) responses of Rana arvalis tadpoles from two divergent populations (acid origin, AOP, versus neutral origin, NOP) to acid and predator stress. Tadpoles were initially reared in benign conditions at pH 7 and then exposed to a combination of two pH (acid versus neutral) and two predator cue (predator cue versus no predator cue) treatments. We assessed behavioural activity within the first 15 min, an…
The impact of children’s socioemotional development on parenting styles: the moderating effect of social withdrawal
2020
This study focused on associations between children’s socioemotional development (prosocial behaviour, internalizing and externalizing problems) and parenting styles (affection, behavioural control, and psychological control), and the moderating role of children’s social withdrawal (as a temperamental characteristic) in these associations. Children’s socioemotional development (n = 314) were rated by teachers at three-time points (grades 1–3). Parents completed questionnaires measuring their parenting styles at the same three-time points. The level of social withdrawal was obtained at the end of kindergarten from teachers’ reports. Panel analysis showed that prosocial behaviour was associat…
Vērtību saistība ar prosociālas uzvedības un ziedošanas tendencēm
2019
Pētījuma mērķis bija noskaidrot, vai pastāv saistības starp vērtībām, prosociālu uzvedību un ziedošanas tendencēm. Pētījumā piedalījās 104 respondenti vecumā no 17 līdz 58 gadiem, no kuriem 84 bija sievietes un 20 vīrieši. Lai atbildētu uz pētījuma jautājumu, tika izmantotas 3 aptaujas: Portreta vērtību aptauja (The Portrait Values Questionnaire. PVQ; Schwartz, Melech, Lehmann, Burgess, & Harris, 2001), Prosociālo tendenču aptauja (Prosocial Tendencies Measure. PTM; Carlo & Randall, 2002) un adaptēta Labdarības ziedojumu aptauja (Charity Donation Questionnaire.CDQ; Bīdermane, 2019). Iegūtie rezultāti norāda, ka pastāv statistiski nozīmīgas saistības starp šiem konstruktiem. Universālisms un…
Recovery of mobility function and life-space mobility after ischemic stroke: the MOBITEC-Stroke study protocol
2020
Abstract Background Stroke is a major cause of disability and stroke incidence increases with age. Stroke frequently results in permanent limitations of mobility, and, consequently, the need for the help of others in activities of daily living. In order to optimize rehabilitative efforts and their functional outcomes, detailed knowledge of the functional recovery process, regarding mobility, is needed. Objectives of the MOBITEC-Stroke study are: 1.) To characterize mobility, including lower extremity physical function (LEPF) and life space (the geospatial extent of all of a person’s movements), and changes in mobility within the first year after stroke. 2.) To identify and characterize subg…