Search results for " bioreactor"

Evaluation of biomass activity and wastewater characterization in a UCT-MBR pilot plant by means of respirometric techniques

2011

Abstract Over the last two decades, Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs) emerged even more for wastewater treatment, ensuring high removal efficiencies as well as very small footprint requirements. Indeed, in this kind of process, a modification in biomass activity and viability can exist compared to that of a CAS process. In this context, respirometric analysis represents a reliable tool in order to evaluate the actual biomass kinetic parameters, to insert in mathematical models in the design phase, as well as to monitor the biomass viability, especially when these processes are operated with high SRT values. The paper presents some results of respirometric techniques applied for the characterisati…

PLLA-BASED SCAFFOLDS FOR OSTEOCHONDRAL TISSUE REGENERATION VIA THERMALLY INDUCED PHASE SEPARATION TECHNIQUE

L’ingegneria tessutale (TE) è una scienza multidisciplinare che mira a progettare e sviluppare sostituti biologici per migliorare, riparare e/o sostituire i tessuti negli organismi umani. Sulla base della tipica triade dell’ingegneria tessutale è incentrato il primo capitolo Scaffold, Source and Signal; lo scaffold funge da struttura tridimensionale, le cellule rappresentano la source mentre il bioreattore fornisce gli adeguati segnali chimico/fisici. In questo lavoro di tesi sono stati presi in considerazione tutti e tre questi aspetti avendo come obiettivo la rigenerazione osteocondrale. La guarigione dei difetti osteocondrali, riguardanti le lesioni della cartilagine che si esten- dono f…

Energy and environmental impact of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) demonstration plant treating urban wastewater

2020

Abstract In order to assess the environmental feasibility of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology for urban wastewater (UWW) treatment at ambient temperature, a demonstration plant was operated within the LIFE MEMORY project ( http://www.life-memory.eu/en/ ). This plant incorporates full-scale hollow-fiber membrane modules and was fed with the effluent from the pre-treatment of the “Alcazar de San Juan” WWTP (Alcazar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, Spain). Because of the dimensions of this plant, the system can be regarded as a previous step to the scale-up of AnMBR technology for full-scale UWW treatment. High-energy recovery potentials were achieved treating medium-/high-loaded UWW …

Enhanced nitrogen removal of low carbon wastewater in denitrification bioreactors by utilizing industrial waste toward circular economy

2020

Aquaculture needs practical solutions for nutrient removal to achieve sustainable fish production. Passive denitrifying bioreactors may provide an ecological, low-cost and low-maintenance approach for wastewater nitrogen removal. However, innovative organic materials are needed to enhance nitrate removal from the low carbon effluents in intensive recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). In this study, we tested three additional carbon sources, including biochar, dried Sphagnum sp. moss and industrial potato residues, to enhance the performance of woodchip bioreactors treating the low carbon RAS wastewater. We assessed nitrate (NO3−) removal and microbial community composition during a one-y…

RESEARCHES ON THE DIGESTERS AND REACTORS WHICH CAN BE USED IN A FARM SCALE BIOGAS PLANT

2014

In the general context of searching integrated system of renewable energy production, this paper present some researches on the reactors and the digesters, as a main part of a biogas plant at a farm scale. After we present the most used types of digesters, we also concentrated over the processes which take place into a digester, one of them being the removal of H2S from biogas (desulphurisation), which can be made by various methods, either biological or chemical, taking place inside or outside the digester. In the case of biological desulphurization outside the digester, we concentrate on the types of reactors which can be used in this case. Beside the well known types of reactors, we pres…

Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors for high strength wastewater treatment

2013

A laboratory scale external anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) treating high strength wastewater was operated to assess the effect of gas sparging velocity and organic loading rate on removal efficiency and dynamic membrane (DM) filtration characteristics. An increase in gas sparging velocity (GSV) results in a decrease in DM filtration resistance. DM or cake formation was identified as the main contribution to the total filtration resistance. Over 99% COD removal was obtained in the study regardless of the GSV. The results showed that the DM formation process proceeded until a stable cake layer thickness was reached. An effective pollutant removal and high permeate quality was …

Biological nutrient removal in membrane bioreactors: denitrification and phosphorus removal kinetics.

2007

The impact of including membranes for solid liquid separation on the kinetics of nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated. To achieve this, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge system was operated. From batch tests on mixed liquor drawn from the MBR BNR system, denitrification and phosphorus removal rates were delineated. Additionally the influence of the high total suspended solids concentrations present in the MBR BNR system and of the limitation of substrate concentrations on the kinetics was investigated. Moreover the ability of activated sludge in this kind of system to denitrify under anoxic conditions with simultaneous phosphate uptak…

Real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in an AnMBR: Urban wastewater mono-digestion vs. co-digestion with domestic food waste

2018

[EN] This study describes a model-based method for real-time optimization of the key filtration parameters in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating urban wastewater (UWW) and UWW mixed with domestic food waste (FW). The method consists of an initial screening to find out adequate filtration conditions and a real-time optimizer applied to a periodically calibrated filtration model for minimizing the operating costs. The initial screening consists of two statistical analyses: (1) Morris screening method to identify the key filtration parameters; (2) Monte Carlo method to establish suitable initial control inputs values. The operating filtration cost after implementing the…

Nitrous oxide emissions in a membrane bioreactor treating saline wastewater contaminated by hydrocarbons

2016

The joint effect of wastewater salinity and hydrocarbons on nitrous oxide emission was investigated. The membrane bioreactor pilot plant was operated with two phases: i. biomass acclimation by increasing salinity from 10 gNaCl L−1 to 20 gNaCl L−1 (Phase I); ii. hydrocarbons dosing at 20 mg L−1 with a constant salt concentration of 20 gNaCl L−1 (Phase II). The Phase I revealed a relationship between nitrous oxide emissions and salinity. During the end of the Phase I, the activity of nitrifiers started to recover, indicating a partial acclimatization. During the Phase II, the hydrocarbon shock induced a temporary inhibition of the biomass with the suppression of nitrous oxide emissions. The r…

ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT REDUCTION FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION AND MODELLING

2020

The current challenge faced by researchers and managers is minimize the environmental footprint of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). To accomplish this goal, other than respect legal requirements, WWTPs must provide better responses regarding consumption of energy and resources, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, among others. The research hereby presented is based on the application of mathematical modelling with the aim to propose a framework for the minimization of WWTP’s environmental footprint towards optimization techniques. A literature review was held to gain knowledge regarding the main decision support systems (DSS) that are applied to WWTPs since they allow selecting the most app…