Search results for " brain"

Nuevos recursos sanitarios en época de crisis: el papel del trabajador social en la Unidad de Neurorehabilitación Infantil del Hospital de Manises

2013

En los últimos años se ha detectado un aumento en los niños diagnosticados con Trastornos Generalizados del Desarrollo (TGD) y Daño Cerebral (DC). Al mismo tiempo la formación e información por parte de los profesionales que intervienen con estos niños también es mayor por lo que el Departamento de Salud de Manises creó en mayo del 2012 la primera Unidad de Neurorrehabilitación Infantil integrada en un hospital público valenciano especializada en estos casos. La Unidad está atendida por un equipo de profesionales especializados en TGD y DC, tanto en el diagnóstico como en la intervención y con una filosofía de trabajo interdisciplinar. Este equipo cuenta con la figura del trabajador social …

Functional reorganization of the attentional networks in low-grade glioma patients: a longitudinal study.

2015

International audience; Right brain damage often provokes deficits of visuospatial attention. Although the spatial attention networks have been widely investigated in stroke patients as well as in the healthy brain, little is known about the impact of slow growing lesions in the right hemisphere. We here present a longitudinal study of 20 patients who have been undergoing awake brain surgery with per-operative line bisection testing. Our aim was to investigate the impact of tumour presence and of tumour resection on the functional (re)organization of the attention networks. We assessed patients' performance on lateralized target detection, visual exploration and line bisection before surger…

Swift light sheet volumetric charting of large human brain portions

2020

Using a custom light sheet fluorescence microscope, we image large stained human brain portions, labelled for NeuN and GAD67 neuronal markers, discerning the inhibitory population via neural-network based image analysis and exposing the brain connectivity.

Skull Fractures Induce Neuroinflammation and Worsen Outcomes after Closed Head Injury in Mice

2020

The weight-drop model is used widely to replicate closed-head injuries in mice; however, the histopathological and functional outcomes may vary significantly between laboratories. Because skull fractures are reported to occur in this model, we aimed to evaluate whether these breaks may influence the variability of the weight-drop (WD) model. Male Swiss Webster mice underwent WD injury with either a 2 or 5 mm cone tip, and behavior was assessed at 2 h and 24 h thereafter using the neurological severity score. The expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 genes was m…

Loss of spatial learning in a patient with topographical disorientation in new environments

2003

The case is described of a patient who, following cerebral hypoxia, developed severe difficulty in orienting himself in new environments in the context of a mild global amnesic syndrome. Some episodes he related suggested that his main difficulty was remembering the spatial/directional value of landmarks he recognised. A neuroradiological examination documented severe bilateral atrophy of the hippocampi associated with atrophic changes in the cerebral hemispheres, most marked in the dorsal regions. Neuropsychological and experimental evaluation showed a severe deficit of spatial learning with substantially preserved ability to learn verbal and visual-object information. He was also virtuall…

BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTOR BINDING IN RAT BRAIN AND RAT SPINAL CORD MEMBRANES

1978

<title>Follow-up in patients with subdural haematomas using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)</title>

1998

Secondary haemorrhage is an important cause of brain injury following initial therapy of subdural haematoma (SDH). Early identification and treatment of secondary haemorrhage improves neurologic outcome. Near infrared light at a wavelength of 760 nm shows a high absorption for haemoglobin. The difference in absorbance of light ((Delta) OD) at the wavelength of 760 nm between both hemispheres is measured to detect SDH. We have prospectively studied 20 patients with the CT diagnosis of SDH using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Unilateral subdural haematomas were detected by NIRS in 15 out of 16 patients. Bilateral SDH were detected in 2 out of 3 patients. The median of (Delta) OD was reduc…

Executive function and metacognitive self-awareness after severe traumatic brain injury.

2008

The objective of this study is to identify the clinical, neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and functional variables that correlate with metacognitive self-awareness (SA) in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) outpatients and to assess the influence of the same variables on the sensory-motor, cognitive, and behavioral-affective indicators of SA. This cross-sectional observational study evaluated 37 outpatients from May 2006 to June 2007 in a neurorehabilitation hospital on the basis of the following inclusion criteria: (1) age ≥ 15 years; (2) diagnosis of severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale, GCS ≤ 8); (3) posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) resolution; (4) capacity to undergo formal psychometric eval…

Xenon improves long-term cognitive function, reduces neuronal loss and chronic neuroinflammation, and improves survival after traumatic brain injury …

2019

Background.Xenon is a noble gas with neuroprotective properties. We previously showed that xenon improves short and long-term outcomes in young adult mice after controlled cortical impact (CCI). This is a follow-up study investigating xenon’s effect on very long-term outcome and survival. Methods.C57BL/6N (n=72) young adult male mice received single CCI or sham surgery and were treated with either xenon (75%Xe:25%O2) or control gas (75% N2:25%O2). The outcomes used were: 1) 24-hour lesion volume and neurological outcome score; 2)contextual fear-conditioning at 2 weeks and 20 months; 3) corpus callosum white matter quantification; 4) immunohistological assessment of neuroinflammation and neu…

From Neonatal Intensive Care to Neurocritical Care: Is It Still a Mirage? The Sicilian Multicenter Project

2021

Background. Neonatal brain injury (NBI) can lead to a significant neurological disability or even death. After decades of intense efforts to improve neonatal intensive care and survival of critically ill newborns, the focus today is an improved long-term neurological outcome through brain-focused care. The goal of neuroprotection in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is the prevention of new or worsening NBI in premature and term newborns. As a result, the neonatal neurocritical care unit (NNCU) has been emerging as a model of care to decrease NBI and improve the long-term neurodevelopment in critically ill neonates. Purpose. Neurocritical care (NCC) Sicilian project includes three aca…