Search results for " canopy."

showing 6 items of 46 documents

Canopy Architecture Appraisal by Fractal Dimension of 'Flordastar' Peach Trees Grafted onto Different Rootstocks

2007

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour, by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara, Barrier, GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless, dormant peach tree…

The objective of this research was to evaluate the modification of canopy architecture of ''Flordastar'' peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) grafted onto rootstocks with different vigour by the use of fractal dimension (D). The hypothesis was that different vigour rootstocks are able to modify the complexity of the branching pattern and that this effect can be assessed by a geometric parameter such as the fractal dimension (D) of the 2D projection of tree branching structure. The observations were carried out in a four-year-old experimental orchard of cv. ''Flordastar'' peach trees grafted onto Ishtara Barrier GF677 and MrS 2/5 rootstocks. On digital pictures of leafless dormant peach trees the tree skeleton was manually depicted by an image analysis software to measure total length and angles of insertion of branches. Bitmaps of the skeleton were then subjected to a specific software (FDCALC) able to calculate D by the "box counting" method. To account for the error introduced by analyzing a three dimensional structure with its 2D projection measurements were done on two images per tree taken from two different viewing angles. Results are shown in relation to tree vigour of the scion/stock combination. Fractal dimension was related to the vigour ranking of the graft combinations tested. In particular vigorous scion/stock combinations showed the highest D.HorticultureCanopy architectureHorticultureRootstockFractal dimensionMathematics
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Lifestyle dependent occurrence of airborne fungi

2018

Abstract. Fungi play important roles in the environment, agriculture, and human health. Most fungal species spread by wind-driven dispersal of spores, determining their occurrence and distribution in different environments. The dynamics of airborne fungi and their dependence on lifestyle and environmental conditions, however, are not well characterized. Here, we categorize the fungi detected in coarse and fine aerosol samples from continental boundary layer air using a lifestyle classification scheme that differentiates whether the fungi are (A) primarily associated to herbaceous or woody plants and (B), whether they are saprophytic, plant pathogenic, or surface inhabitants. Herbaceous fung…

Tree canopy010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesEcologyfungiClimate change010501 environmental sciencesBiologyHerbaceous plant01 natural sciencesSporeCrop protectionAbundance (ecology)BotanyBiological dispersal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWoody plant
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Conversion of nadir, narrowband reflectance in red and near-infrared channels to hemispherical surface albedo

1997

Abstract Measured nadir-viewed narrow-band reflectanees in red and near infrared channels simulating AVHRR Channels 1 and 2 are compared with measured integrated solar spectrum hemispherical albedos. Reflectanees and albedos were measured from an aircraft over four widely different vegetation surfaces in southeastern Tasmania (Australia). A linear function is used to simultaneously correct for narrow band to broad band conversion errors and to convert nadir viewed reflectances to hemispherical albedos. While the application of the conversion equation presented is limited to the vegetation types of the study, the equation is independent of vegetation type. Results indicate that the reflectan…

Tree canopybusiness.industryNear-infrared spectroscopySoil ScienceBeer–Lambert lawGeologyVegetationAlbedoMultispectral Scannersymbols.namesakeNarrowbandOpticssymbolsNadirEnvironmental scienceComputers in Earth SciencesbusinessRemote sensingRemote Sensing of Environment
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Atmospheric dry deposition processes of particles on urban and suburban surfaces: Modelling and validation works

2019

Abstract Dry deposition process is one of the important pathways for the removal of particles from atmosphere. It is the result of a combination of different environmental and physical factors as atmospheric conditions, particle properties, characteristics of the canopy. For this latter factor, urban canopy represents unevenly combinations of different types of surface elements that increases the complexity of deposition process phenomena. Therefore, particle dry deposition on urban surfaces is not easy to configure and, although empirical or semi-empirical models in literature have been developed to address this aspect, there is not standardized and commonly accepted criteria, especially f…

Urban surfaceCanopyAtmospheric ScienceBrownian diffusion resistance; Coarse particles; Dry deposition process; Nuclear power plant accidents; Submicron particles; Urban canopy010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesNuclear power plant accidentCoarse particlesNuclear power plant accidents010501 environmental sciencesAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesUrban canopyAtmosphereSurface roughnessBrownian diffusion resistanceSubmicron particlesDry deposition proceSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceDry deposition processParticle propertiesCoarse particleSubmicron particleUrban canopyDry deposition processUrban canopyBrownian diffusion resistanceNuclear power plant accidentsCoarse particlesSubmicron particlesParticleEnvironmental scienceDeposition process
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Impact of Genetic and Cultural Factors on Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Composition

phenolic compoundfatty acid profilefat contentfruit canopy positionplanting densityvolatile compoundolive fruit maturity
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The impact of in-canopy wind profile formulations on heat flux estimation using the remote sensing-based two-source model for an open orchard canopy …

2010

Abstract. For open orchard and vineyard canopies containing significant fractions of exposed soil (>50%), typical of Mediterranean agricultural regions, the energy balance of the vegetation elements is strongly influenced by heat exchange with the bare soil/substrate. For these agricultural systems a "two-source" approach, where radiation and turbulent exchange between the soil and canopy elements are explicitly modelled, appears to be the only suitable methodology for reliably assessing energy fluxes. In strongly clumped canopies, the effective wind speed profile inside and below the canopy layer can highly influence the partitioning of energy fluxes between the soil and vegetation comp…

remote sensingaerodinamic canopy resistanceSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E Idrologiasurface energy fluxeSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-Forestalienergy balanceopen orchard canopy
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