Search results for " climate change."
showing 10 items of 164 documents
Climate determinants of breeding and wintering ranges of lesser kestrels in Italy and predicted impacts of climate change
2017
Climate warming would theoretically create conditions for the breeding range expansion of pseudo-steppe Mediterranean and long-distance migrant species and provide the possibility for these to overwinter in the same breeding areas. However, contemporary changes in rainfall regimes might have negative effects on the climate suitability and in turn, shrink species potential range. The lesser kestrel Falco naumanni is highly sensitive to rainfall oscillations and has recently extended its Italian breeding range towards northern latitudes and increasing its wintering records. We modelled the effects of temperature and rainfall on current and future climate suitability for lesser kestrels in bot…
Climate Change: Negationism, Skepticism, and Misinformation
2021
Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es examinar los principales lineamientos antagonistas sobre el cambio climático. Para ello, se ofrece una aproximación teórica a las narrativas y repertorios sustantivos que sostienen los fundamentos de la negación y se diferencia conceptualmente entre negacionistas, climatoescépticos y contrarios climáticos. Estos repertorios son la negación de las evidencias científicas, la negación económica y la negación política. Finalmente, se hace referencia a la difusión de información errónea y tóxica como estrategia organizada y deliberada. Como principal conclusión se abordan los emergentes programas de alfabetización climática para neutralizar la desinformac…
The influence of thermal extremes on coral reef fish behaviour in the Arabian/Persian Gulf
2019
Despite increasing environmental variability within marine ecosystems, little is known about how coral reef fish species will cope with future climate scenarios. The Arabian/Persian Gulf is an extreme environment, providing an opportunity to study fish behaviour on reefs with seasonal temperature ranges which include both values above the mortality threshold of Indo-Pacific reef fish, and values below the optimum temperature for growth. Summer temperatures in the Gulf are comparable to those predicted for the tropical ocean by 2090–2099. Using field observations in winter, spring and summer, and laboratory experiments, we examined the foraging activity, distance from refugia and resting tim…
Reviewing the role of ecosystems services in the sustainability of the urban environment: A multi-country analysis
2020
The urban environment is characterised by many pressures caused by population growth, transport (and its related emissions), and the damage to green areas. Yet, there is a variety of ecosystem services available in urban areas, which may be deployed to ameliorate the current problems and foster their sustainability. This paper reviews the role of ecosystem services as tools for sustainability, based on an urban setting. It also describes a series of multi-country case studies, where an assessment of their functions using a set of benefits valuation approaches such as health benefits, economic benefits, social benefits and benefits to climate resilience, are provided, along with an appraisal…
River processes and Links between fluvial and coastal systems in a changing climate
2018
It is well known that a changing climate leads to changes in the frequency, intensity, spatial extent, duration, and timing of extreme weather and climate events. Models indicate substantial warming in temperature extremes by the end of the 21st century (IPCC, 2012). The global warming determines several environmental problems altering the hydrologic cycle, with changes to the amount, timing, and intensity of precipitation (see as an example Rahimpour Golroudbary et al., 2016), and impacting on the soil erosion rate and on the quality of aquatic and marine environments (see as an example Robins et al., 2016). The present Special Issue collects main contributions arising from the aforementio…
Annual pollen traps reveal the complexity of climatic control on pollen productivity in Europe and the Caucasus
2010
Annual PAR (pollen accumulation rates; grains cm−2 year−1) were studied with modified Tauber traps situated in ten regions, in Poland (Roztocze), the Czech Republic (two regions in Krkonoše, two in Šumava), Switzerland (4 regions in the Alps), and Georgia (Lagodekhi). The time-series are 10–16 years long, all ending in 2007. We calculated correlations between pollen data and climate. Pollen data are PAR summarized per region (4–7 traps selected per region) for each pollen type (9–14 per region) using log-transformed, detrended medians. Climate data are monthly temperature and precipitation measured at nearby stations, and their averages over all possible 2- to 6-month windows falling within…
Hacia la ley europea del clima: las evaluaciones científicas y el futuro papel de las respuestas jurídicas de los estados miembros
2021
Los problemas climáticos son temas persistentes y omnipresentes dentro de las políticas y legislaciones contemporáneas, que exigen un enfoque interdisciplinario para promover soluciones jurídicas adecuadas para la complejidad del tema. Paradójicamente, las propagandas negacionistas, lejos de bloquear las acciones climáticas, las han propiciado, lo que ha llevado al establecimiento de un organismo científico super partes que reconociese las cuestiones climáticas a través de informes científicos avanzados: el Grupo Intergubernamental de Expertos sobre el Cambio Climático de la ONU (IPCC). Desde entonces, muchos países han usado los hallazgos del IPCC como base científica para desarrollar polí…
Climate variability and agriculture in Italy: a stochastic frontier analysis at the regional level
2020
In the next future, climate change effects will represent a challenge for Europe and the Mediterranean area. These will have to cope with a rapid increase in climate variability. Although many economic sectors may be affected, agriculture is the most susceptible as climate heavily affects crop production trends, yield variability and the availability of areas suitable for cultivation. Using the stochastic frontier approach, the aim of this work is to analyse the impacts of climate variability on Italian regional technical efficiency in the agricultural sector for a period spanning from 2000 to 2009. Considering that technical inefficiency could be influenced by two main annual meteorologica…
Political Theory For The Anthropocene
2016
This paper explores the ways in which the Anthropocene, this new epoch in which noearthly place, form, entity, process, or system escapes the reach of human activity, puts underpressure some traditional categories and concepts of liberal democratic theory. We begin byexplaining the notion of the Anthropocene, and then show how it may affect traditional liberalnotions of agency, responsibility, governance, and legitimacy. We conclude by describing thechallenge of designing new institutions appropriate to the Anthropocene.
Augmented Cities in the Neoanthropocene
2021
Contemporary cities could be considered vibrant organisms of places and communities, of data and information, of sensors and actuators, and of actions and reactions generated by people and environment both. Cities must be more responsive to our behavioral changes, enabling devices for enhancing our contemporary life. We would be able to build amore efficient urban environment, able to sense, to understand and to act every day and for everyone. In the post-city age and beyond the smart city, Augmented City is a new paradigm that perceives the demands of more networked, knowledge-based, and creative society that answers to the global change by a new circular metabolism. The Augmented City is …