Search results for " clusters"

showing 10 items of 1091 documents

Hydrogen adsorption on the ZnO $(1\bar{1}00)$ surface: ab initio hybrid density functional linear combination of atomic orbitals calculations

2014

Hydrogen atoms unavoidably presented in ZnO samples or thin films during their synthesis considerably affect electrical conductivity. Results of first principles hybrid functional linear combination of atomic orbitals calculations are discussed for hydrogen atoms incorporated in bulk or adsorbed upon non-polar ZnO (1¯ 100) surfaces. The energy of H incorporation, atomic relaxation, electronic density redistribution and modification of the electronic structure are compared for both surface adsorption and bulk absorption. It is shown that hydrogen forms a strong bonding with the surface O ions (Eads = 2.7eV) whereas its incorporation into bulk is energetically quite unfavorable. Hydrogen adso…

Materials scienceHydrogenAb initiochemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSurface energyHybrid functionalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAdsorptionchemistryLinear combination of atomic orbitalsChemical physicsPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsMathematical PhysicsElectronic densityPhysica Scripta
researchProduct

Photoelectron emission induced by low temperature hydrogen plasmas

2018

Experimental results of low temperature hydrogen plasma induced photoelectron emission measurements comparing two different plasma heating methods are summarized. By exposing the samples to the vacuum ultraviolet radiation of a filament-driven multi-cusp arc discharge ion source and a 2.45 GHz microwave-driven ion source, it has been measured that the total photoelectron emission from various metal surfaces is on the order of 1 A per kW of plasma heating power, which can be increased by a factor of 2–3.5 with a thin layer of alkali metal. The possible effects of the photoelectrons on the plasma sheath structure are studied with a 1D collisionless model extended to include the contribution o…

Materials scienceHydrogenAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementphotoelectron emissionplasmatekniikkaAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsRadiationelektronit01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasElectric arcsymbols.namesakePhysics::Plasma Physics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clustersplasma010302 applied physicsDebye sheathta114ionittechnology industry and agriculturePlasmaPhotoelectric effectAlkali metalIon sourcechemistryPhysics::Space Physicsionssymbolsemissio (fysiikka)AIP Conference Proceedings
researchProduct

DFT studies of OH-functionalized open-ended zigzag, armchair, and chiral single wall carbon nanotubes

2011

The functionalization of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) by attaching various molecules or molecular groups to the exterior walls or tips has attracted much attention, because it offers a possible way to modify their electronic, chemical, optical and mechanical properties. In this contribution the results of DFT studies of pristine and OH-modified open-ended zigzag (9,0), armchair (5,5) and chiral (8,2) nanotubes are reported. The calculations have been performed for partially and fully functionalized at one end model SWCNTs with dangling bonds saturated with hydrogen atoms and a nonadditive dependence of attachment energy on the number of substituents was observed.

Materials scienceHydrogenDangling bondchemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesCarbon nanotubeCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials SciencechemistryZigzaglawChemical physicsComputational chemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMaterials ChemistryMoleculeSurface modificationElectrical and Electronic Engineeringphysica status solidi (a)
researchProduct

Self-Passivating Edge Reconstructions of Graphene

2008

Planar reconstruction patterns at the zigzag and armchair edges of graphene were investigated with density functional theory. It was unexpectedly found that the zigzag edge is metastable and a planar reconstruction spontaneously takes place at room temperature. The reconstruction changes electronic structure and self-passivates the edge with respect to adsorption of atomic hydrogen from molecular atmosphere.

Materials scienceHydrogenFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyElectronic structureEdge (geometry)7. Clean energy01 natural scienceslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAdsorptionPlanarlawMetastability0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsGrapheneMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyZigzagchemistry0210 nano-technologyPhysical Review Letters
researchProduct

Local electronic structure rearrangements and strong anharmonicity in YH3 under pressures up to 180 GPa

2021

The authors acknowledge the ESRF program committee (Grenoble, France) for the opportunity to perform XAFS and XRD measurements. We are grateful to Prof. Dr Marek Tkacz from the Institute of Physical Chemistry, PAS Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland, for high quality YH3 samples and to Dr. José A. Flores-Livas for a fruitful discussion. A.P.M. and A.A.I. acknowledge the Russian Foundation for the Basic Research (grant No 18-02-40001_mega) for financial support. J.P., A.K., and I.P. would like to thank the support of the Latvian Council of Science project No. lzp-2018/2-0353. ISSP UL acknowledge the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-20l 6-2017-TeamingPh…

Materials scienceHydrogenScienceGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Physics::Atomic PhysicsPhysics::Chemical Physics010306 general physicsMultidisciplinaryExtended X-ray absorption fine structureHydrideQAnharmonicityGeneral ChemistryYttrium021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyXANESX-ray absorption fine structurechemistryChemical physics0210 nano-technologyNature Communications
researchProduct

Ionization potential of aluminum clusters

1998

Structure, electronic structure, and ionization potential of aluminum clusters of 2–23 atoms are studied with a total energy method based on the density-functional theory. The calculated adiabatic ionization potentials agree remarkably well with the data from threshold photoionization measurements. The analysis of results gives insight into hybridization effects in the smallest clusters as well as reveals certain clusters that exhibit a clear jellium-type shell structure. An explanation of the experimental results in the size region of 12–23 atoms is given in terms of coexisting, competing icosahedral, decahedral, and fcc-based clusters. @S0163-1829~98!00228-8#

Materials scienceIcosahedral symmetryIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersThermal ionizationElectronic structurePhotoionizationIonization energyAdiabatic processMolecular physicsElectron ionization
researchProduct

First-Principles Simulations of Interstitial Atoms in Ionic Solids

1995

The atomic and electronic structure of the radiation-induced interstitial atoms in MgO and KCl crystals representing two broad classes of ionic solids are calculated and compared. The first-principles full potential LMTO method is applied to a 16-atom supercell. For both crystals the energetically most favourable configuration is a dumbbell centered at a regular anion site. Its (110) and (111) orientations are very close in energy which permits the dumbbell to rotate easily on a lattice site. The mechanism and the relevant activation energy for thermally activated diffusion hops from the dumbbell equilibrium position to the cube face and cube center are discussed in the light of the availab…

Materials scienceIonic bondingActivation energyElectronic structureMolecular physicsIonsymbols.namesakeCrystallographyInterstitial defectLattice (order)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsDumbbellRaman spectroscopyMRS Proceedings
researchProduct

Electrostatic model and NMR results for EFG tensors in tetragonal BaTiO3

1990

Abstract We present 47,49Ti and 135,137Ba NMR second-order quadrupolar rotation patterns in a tetragonal single domain crystal of BaTiO3. These data will be analysed in terms of a ionic polarizable point multipole model.

Materials scienceIonic bondingCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTetragonal crystal systemNuclear magnetic resonancePolarizabilityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsSingle domainMultipole expansionRotation (mathematics)Electrostatic modelFerroelectrics
researchProduct

Nuclear shell model applied to metallic clusters

1993

We apply the nuclear shell model to jellium clusters of up to twenty-one Na atoms. Binding energies, ionization potentials, and photoabsorption cross sections are calculated and compared with mean-field results.

Materials scienceIonizationNuclear TheoryJelliumBinding energyMetallic clustersPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersNuclear shell modelPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectronic structureAtomic physicsIonization energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsZeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
researchProduct

Electronic structure of MgO-supported Au clusters: quantum dots probed by scanning tunneling microscopy.

2007

We investigate via density functional theory (DFT) the appearance of small MgO-supported gold clusters with 8 to 20 atoms in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) experiment. Comparison of simulations of ultrathin films on a metal support with a bulk MgO leads to similar results for the cluster properties relevant for STM. Simulated STM pictures show the delocalized states of the cluster rather than the atomic structure. This finding is due to the presence of s- derived delocalized states of the cluster near the Fermi energy. The properties of theses states can be understood from a jellium model for monovalent gold.

Materials scienceJelliumScanning tunneling spectroscopyGeneral Physics and AstronomySpin polarized scanning tunneling microscopyConductive atomic force microscopyMolecular physicsElectrochemical scanning tunneling microscopelaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceDelocalized electronlawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)Atomic physicsScanning tunneling microscopePhysical review letters
researchProduct