Search results for " code"
showing 10 items of 636 documents
Roughness and vegetation parameterizations at L-band for soil moisture retrievals over a vineyard field
2015
Abstract The capability of L-band radiometry to monitor surface soil moisture (SM) at global scale has been analyzed in numerous studies, mostly in the framework of the ESA SMOS and NASA SMAP missions. To retrieve SM from L-band radiometric observations, two significant effects have to be accounted for, namely soil roughness and vegetation optical depth. In this study, soil roughness effects on retrieved SM values were evaluated using brightness temperatures acquired by the L-band ELBARA-II radiometer, over a vineyard field at the Valencia Anchor Station (VAS) site during the year 2013. Different combinations of the values of the model parameters used to account for soil roughness effects (…
Comparison of measured brightness temperatures from SMOS with modelled ones from ORCHIDEE and H-TESSEL over the Iberian Peninsula
2017
19 pges, 10 figures, 6 tables
The human gene encoding cytokeratin 20 and its expression during fetal development and in gastrointestinal carcinomas
1993
The differentiation of the predominant cell types of the mucosal epithelium of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract is characterized by increasing amounts of an intermediate-sized filament (IF) protein designated cytokeratin (CK) 20 which is a major cellular protein of mature enterocytes and goblet cells. Here we report the isolation of the human gene encoding CK 20, its complete nucleotide sequence and the amino acid sequence deduced therefrom that identifies this polypeptide (mol. wt. 48553) as a member of the type I-CK subfamily. Remarkable, however, is the comparably great sequence divergence of CK 20 from all other known type I-CKs, with only 58% identical amino acids in the conserved …
The scattering and re-absorption of red and near-infrared chlorophyll fluorescence in the models Fluspect and SCOPE
2019
Scattering and re-absorption have been recognized as relevant aspects for the interpretation of solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) in vegetation remote sensing. In an earlier study [Yang and Van der Tol, RSE 215, 97–108, 2018] we addressed the problem of scattering and re-absorption of near-infrared fluorescence in the vegetation canopy. In this study we analyse within-leaf re-absorption of both red and near-infrared fluorescence using the radiative transfer model Fluspect. The leaf scattering determines the ratio of backward to total leaf fluorescence emission Fb/(Fb + Ff). Fluspect reproduces this ratio with an RMSE of less than 0.1, and explains the observed dependence of the s…
Credit card incidents and control systems
2012
Abstract Credit and debit cards have spread and skyrocketed all around the world to become the most popular means of payments in many countries. Despite their enormous popularity, cards are not free of risk. Technology development and e-commerce have exponentially increased internal credit card incidents. This paper identifies and quantifies the different types of credit card fraud and puts into question the effectiveness of the role assigned to cardholders in its detection.
Chromatin Domains and Regulation of Transcription
2007
Compartmentalization and compaction of DNA in the nucleus is the characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells. A fully extended DNA molecule has to be compacted 100,000 times to fit within the nucleus. At the same time it is critical that various DNA regions remain accessible for interaction with regulatory factors and transcription/replication factories. This puzzle is solved at the level of DNA packaging in chromatin that occurs in several steps: rolling of DNA onto nucleosomes, compaction of nucleosome fiber with formation of the so-called 30 nm fiber, and folding of the latter into the giant (50-200 kbp) loops, fixed onto the protein skeleton, the nuclear matrix. The general assumption is…
Subcellular localization and nucleosome specificity of yeast histone acetyltransferases
1991
We have previously reported [López-Rodas et al. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 19028-19033] that the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains four histone acetyltransferases, which can be resolved by ion-exchange chromatography, and their specificity toward yeast free histones was studied. In the present contribution we show that three of the enzymes are nuclear, type A histone acetyltransferases and they are able to acetylate nucleosome-bound histones. They differ in their histone specificity. Enzyme A1 acetylates H2A in chicken nucleosomes, although it is specific for yeast free H2B; histone acetyltransferase A2 is highly specific for H3, and histone acetyltransferase A3 preparations acetylate…
Adding symbolic information to picture models: definitions and properties
2005
AbstractIn the paper we propose extensions of some picture models, such as colored, drawn and pixel pictures. Such extensions are conceived by observing that a picture may embed more information than the shape, such as colors, labels, etc., which can be represented by a symbol from an alphabet and can be associated to segments, points or pixels. New interesting issues derived from the introduction of symbols will be investigated together with some complexity and decidability questions for the proposed extensions.
Local symmetries of digital contours from their chain codes
1996
In this work symmetry is evaluated as a numeric feature for each point of a contour, using only the positions of a local vicinity of points. A measurement is defined, named as Local Symmetric Deficiency (LSD), so that the lower this quantity is, the higher the symmetry will be in the local region considered. This approach is very simple and it is based on a suitable manipulation of the chain code of the curve. Its computational cost is very low and it has the advantages of a parallel algorithm, since values for LSD can be computed for each point independently.
Color encoding for polychromatic single-channel optical pattern recognition
2010
The common multichannel system for recognizing colored images is replaced by a color-encoded single-channel system. Amethod inspired by the Munsell color system is used for encoding the different colors as phase and amplitude functions. It is shown that for many practical cases the phase information part of the color code is sufficient for obtaining good results. An implementation based on a liquid-crystal television panel that works in a phase-modulation mode is suggested. Computer simulations that demonstrate the capabilities of the suggested method are given as well as a comparison with previously published multichannel performance.