Search results for " coherence"

showing 10 items of 429 documents

In Vitro Measurement of Strain Localization Preceding Dissection of the Aortic Wall Subjected to Radial Tension

2020

AbstractBackgroundAortic dissection (AD) is a common pathology and challenging clinical problem. A better understanding of the biomechanical effects preceding its initiation is essential for predicting adverse events on a patient-specific basis. Moreover, the predictability of patient-specific biomechanics-based computational models is hampered by uncertainty about boundary conditions and material properties.ObjectivePredisposition of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) to ADs can be related to the degradation of biomechanically important constituents in the aortic wall of TAAs. The goal of the present study is to develop a new methodology to measure strain fields in aortic tissues subjected to…

Digital image correlationMaterials scienceAortic dissectionAerospace EngineeringDissection (medical)030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRadial tensile test01 natural sciencesThoracic aortic aneurysm010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesSpeckle pattern0302 clinical medicineAneurysmmedicine.artery0103 physical sciencesmedicineThoracic aortaStrain fieldTensile testingAortic dissectionOptical coherence tomographyMechanical EngineeringDigital image correlationSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria Industriale[SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]medicine.diseaseMechanics of MaterialsRadial stiffnessBiomedical engineering
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Quasi Conjunction and Inclusion Relation in Probabilistic Default Reasoning

2011

We study the quasi conjunction and the Goodman & Nguyen inclusion relation for conditional events, in the setting of probabilistic default reasoning under coherence. We deepen two recent results given in (Gilio and Sanfilippo, 2010): the first result concerns p-entailment from a family F of conditional events to the quasi conjunction C(S) associated with each nonempty subset S of F; the second result, among other aspects, analyzes the equivalence between p-entailment from F and p-entailment from C(S), where S is some nonempty subset of F. We also characterize p-entailment by some alternative theorems. Finally, we deepen the connections between p-entailment and the Goodman & Nguyen inclusion…

Discrete mathematicsClass (set theory)goodman & nguyen inclusion relationSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaSettore INF/01 - Informaticap-entailment.; quasi conjunction; goodman & nguyen inclusion relation; qand rule; coherence; probabilistic default reasoning; p-entailmentProbabilistic logicqand ruleprobabilistic default reasoningConsistency (knowledge bases)Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)p-entailmentCoherence probabilistic default reasoning quasi conjunction Goodman & Nguyen inclusion relation QAND rule p-entailment.coherenceConjunction (grammar)Default reasoningquasi conjunctionGreatest elementAlgorithmEquivalence (measure theory)Mathematics
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Homotopy limits for 2-categories

2008

AbstractWe study homotopy limits for 2-categories using the theory of Quillen model categories. In order to do so, we establish the existence of projective and injective model structures on diagram 2-categories. Using these results, we describe the homotopical behaviour not only of conical limits but also of weighted limits. Finally, pseudo-limits are related to homotopy limits.

Discrete mathematicsPure mathematicsHomotopy lifting propertyHomotopy categoryGeneral MathematicsHomotopyHomotopiaQuillen adjunctionWhitehead theoremCofibrationMathematics::Algebraic Topologyn-connectedCategories (Matemàtica)Mathematics::K-Theory and HomologyHomotopy hypothesisMathematics::Category Theory512 - Àlgebra2-categories homotopy limits coherence conditionsMathematics
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Conditional Random Quantities and Iterated Conditioning in the Setting of Coherence

2013

We consider conditional random quantities (c.r.q.’s) in the setting of coherence. Given a numerical r.q. X and a non impossible event H, based on betting scheme we represent the c.r.q. X|H as the unconditional r.q. XH + μH c , where μ is the prevision assessed for X|H. We develop some elements for an algebra of c.r.q.’s, by giving a condition under which two c.r.q.’s X|H and Y|K coincide. We show that X|HK coincides with a suitable c.r.q. Y|K and we apply this representation to Bayesian updating of probabilities, by also deepening some aspects of Bayes’ formula. Then, we introduce a notion of iterated c.r.q. (X|H)|K, by analyzing its relationship with X|HK. Our notion of iterated conditiona…

Discrete mathematicsSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaSettore INF/01 - Informaticaconditional random quantitiesCoherence (statistics)Bayesian inferencebayesian updatingcoherenceCombinatoricsconditional previsionsBayes' theoremIterated functionbayesian updating; conditional random quantities; betting scheme; conditional previsions; coherence; iterated conditioning; iterated conditioning.Coherence betting scheme conditional random quantities conditional previsions Bayesian updating iterated conditioning.Scheme (mathematics)iterated conditioningConditioningRepresentation (mathematics)betting schemeEvent (probability theory)Mathematics
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Intraoperative dexamethasone intravitreal implant in diabetic macular edema patients undergoing phacoemulsification: The CataDex study

2021

Purpose To assess the impact of preoperative intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DexI) on functional and anatomic outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery. Methods Prospective and non-comparative study conducted on consecutive DME patients undergoing cataract surgery. DexI was administered 15 days before surgery and in a pro re nata regime after surgery. Main outcome measures were mean change in central retinal thickness (CRT), central subfield thickness (CST), total macular volume (TMV), and central subfield volume (CSV) from baseline to month-12. Secondary outcome was mean change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Resul…

Drug ImplantsDiabetic Retinopathygenetic structuresSettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivoreal worldGeneral Medicineeye diseasesDexamethasoneMacular EdemaOphthalmologycataractIntravitreal InjectionsphacoemulsificationDiabetes MellitusHumansProspective StudiesDexamethasone implantdiabetic macular edemaGlucocorticoidsTomography Optical Coherence
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A wavelet analysis of the ripple effect in UK regional housing markets

2021

Abstract The paper aims at gaining insights on the spatio-temporal mechanism of house price spillovers, also known as ripple effect, among 12 UK regional housing markets, over the period 1973–2018. From a policy perspective, it is essential to discriminate if the effects of a shock decay more slowly along the geographical dimension as compared to the decay along the time dimension. We enter the debate in a novel manner by using some wavelet analysis tools (wavelet coherence and phase differences amongst others) which reveal the spectral characteristics of a series and show how different periodic components of housing returns evolve over time. Results are interesting. Spillovers from London …

Economics and EconometricsWavelet coherenceShort runWavelet coherenceHouse pricesRipple effectShock (economics)WaveletMultiple time dimensionsEconomicsEconometricsBusiness cycleDimension (data warehouse)FinanceReturnsRipple effect
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Dynamique induite par champ laser femtoseconde intense : alignement moléculaire en milieu gazeux dense et effet Kerr

2011

This thesis is devoted to the study of dynamics induced by intense femtoseconds lasers pulses. The first studied dynamics deals with molecular alignment of CO2-X mixtures (X=CO2, Ar, N2), in dense gases (up to 20 bar). Up to now, this regime has never been studied experimentally. In the field-free regime (after laser/matter interaction), molecular alignment exhibits two components : a permanent alignment and a transient one. The influence of collisions appears through population transfers between rotational states, which leads to a decrease of these two contributions. Permanent alignment relaxation time is only tied to inelastics collisions whereas transient alignment relaxation time is tie…

Effet Kerr électroniqueBiréfringenceBirefringenceLock-in amplifierMolecular alignmentRotational coherenceAlignement moléculaireSpectroscopie[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Détection synchroneFemtosecond pulsesImpulsions femtosecondes[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]DissipationMolécules linéaires[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Cohérence rotationnelleKerrCO2CollisionsLinear moleculesSpectroscopy
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The structure of Antonovsky's Orientation to Life Questionnaire

1998

The present study investigated the structure of Antonovsky's (1987) short-form (13-item) Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ). The OLQ was developed to measure sense of coherence, which consists of three interrelated components: meaningfulness, comprehensibility and manageability. Confirmatory factor analyses were carried out using data on three occupational groups (technical designers n = 989, teachers n = 1012, managers n = 1035). The factor analysis models were specified and compared in the study: (1) a first-order one-factor model; (2) a first-order correlated-three-factor model; and (3) a second-order model with three first-order factors. The results suggested that the first-order c…

Expectancy theoryOccupational groupPsychometricsValidation testAnalysis modelsTest validityPsychologySocial psychologyGeneral PsychologyConfirmatory factor analysisSense of coherencePersonality and Individual Differences
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On the interpretability and computational reliability of frequency-domain Granger causality

2017

This Correspondence article is a comment which directly relates to the paper “A study of problems encountered in Granger causality analysis from a neuroscience perspective” (Stokes and Purdon, 2017). We agree that interpretation issues of Granger causality (GC) in neuroscience exist, partially due to the historically unfortunate use of the name “causality”, as described in previous literature. On the other hand, we think that Stokes and Purdon use a formulation of GC which is outdated (albeit still used) and do not fully account for the potential of the different frequency-domain versions of GC; in doing so, their paper dismisses GC measures based on a suboptimal use of them. Furthermore, s…

FOS: Computer and information sciences0301 basic medicineTheoretical computer scienceImmunology and Microbiology (all)Computer scienceTime series analysiMathematics - Statistics TheoryStatistics Theory (math.ST)Statistics - ApplicationsGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMethodology (stat.ME)Causality (physics)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinegranger causalityGranger causalityCorrespondenceFOS: MathematicsApplications (stat.AP)Physiological oscillationGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsTime seriessignal processingStatistical Methodologies & Health Informaticsfrequency-domain connectivityReliability (statistics)Statistics - MethodologyInterpretabilityGranger-Geweke causalityBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)Interpretation (logic)General Immunology and Microbiologybrain connectivityGeneral MedicineArticlesvector autoregressive models030104 developmental biologyMathematics and StatisticsWildcardVector autoregressive modelPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all)Frequency domaintime series analysisspectral decompositionSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaBrain connectivity; Directed coherence; Frequency-domain connectivity; Granger-Geweke causality; Physiological oscillations; Spectral decomposition; Time series analysis; Vector autoregressive models; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Immunology and Microbiology (all); Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (all)directed coherence030217 neurology & neurosurgeryphysiological oscillations
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Probabilistic entailment in the setting of coherence: The role of quasi conjunction and inclusion relation

2013

In this paper, by adopting a coherence-based probabilistic approach to default reasoning, we focus the study on the logical operation of quasi conjunction and the Goodman-Nguyen inclusion relation for conditional events. We recall that quasi conjunction is a basic notion for defining consistency of conditional knowledge bases. By deepening some results given in a previous paper we show that, given any finite family of conditional events F and any nonempty subset S of F, the family F p-entails the quasi conjunction C(S); then, given any conditional event E|H, we analyze the equivalence between p-entailment of E|H from F and p-entailment of E|H from C(S), where S is some nonempty subset of F.…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesClass (set theory)Goodman–Nguyen’s inclusion relationQAND ruleSettore MAT/06 - Probabilita' E Statistica MatematicaComputer Science - Artificial IntelligenceMathematics - Statistics TheoryStatistics Theory (math.ST)Logical consequencegoodman-nguyen's inclusion relationTheoretical Computer ScienceArtificial IntelligenceQuasi conjunctionFOS: MathematicsEquivalence (measure theory)MathematicsEvent (probability theory)Discrete mathematicsSettore INF/01 - InformaticaApplied MathematicsProbability (math.PR)quasi conjunction; goodman-nguyen inclusion relation; qand rule; coherence; probabilistic default reasoning; p-entailment; goodman-nguyen's inclusion relationProbabilistic logicCoherence (statistics)Conjunction (grammar)Greatest elementArtificial Intelligence (cs.AI)Probabilistic default reasoninggoodman-nguyen inclusion relationp-EntailmentCoherenceSoftwareMathematics - Probability
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