Search results for " composition"
showing 10 items of 1437 documents
Positive Effects of a Short-Term Intense Elastic Resistance Training Program on Body Composition and Physical Functioning in Overweight Older Women
2018
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a resistance training program (RTP) in older overweight women (OOW) using two different types of elastic devices. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial with pre- and postintervention measures. Participants included OOW, aged 60–85 years, with no medical history of disease that would preclude them from engaging in physical exercise. Participants were randomly divided into the following groups: elastic tubes with handles group (ETG; n = 22), traditional elastic bands group ( n = 21), and control group (CG; n = 20). Exercise groups (EGs) performed the following supervised RTP: 8 weeks, twice weekly, six overall body exerci…
Body composition and health behaviors among older women attending regular fitness classes: a pilot study
2021
Background: The average lifespan is increasing worldwide, although the healthspan and quality of life is not. Many older adults either have a chronic disease, excessive body mass, or do not follow the healthy lifestyle recommendations as for nutrition and physical activity. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the relationship between body composition among senior women and health behaviors in the five domains of nutrition, body care, rest, safety and physical activity. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 36 women attending fitness classes. The Positive Health Behavior Questionnaire was used as the qualitative measurement and participant height, weight and body compos…
Changes in Physical Activity, Motor Performance, and Psychosocial Determinants of Active Behavior in Children : A Pilot School-Based Obesity Program
2020
The obesity epidemic and the decline of fitness among children highlights the need for suitable interventions designed to promote Physical Activity (PA) and healthy habits. The purpose of our pilot study was to assess the feasibility of a school-based program among overweight and obese children, by examining changes in their body composition, PA, physical fitness, and some psychosocial determinants of active behavior. An additional objective was to investigate the reciprocal relationship over time between PA and body image. Self-reported PA and health-related fitness tests were administered to 18 overweight and obese children (11.3 ± 0.4 years), before and after a 6-month intervention inclu…
CARDIOMETABOLIC SYNDROME AND SARCOPENIC OBESITY IN OLDER PERSONS
2007
The aging of the world's population is a major contributor to the growing prevalence of the cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) because older persons are more affected by the constellation of cardiovascular risk factors that constitute the syndrome. The prevalence of CMS has been related to the increasing prevalence of obesity, which is growing progressively even among older age groups. Indeed, obesity and aging are 2 overlapping mounting public health problems. It is currently accepted that CMS predicts cardiovascular mortality and/or the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and this is also true in studies including older persons. CMS is further complicated by modifications in body composi…
Effect of long-term leisure time physical activity on lean mass and fat mass in girls during adolescence.
2011
The purpose of this 7-yr prospective longitudinal study was to examine if the level and consistency of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during adolescence affected the quantity and distribution of lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) at early adulthood. The study subjects were 202 Finnish girls who were 10–13 yr old at baseline. LM and FM of the total body (TB), arms, legs, and trunk were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) of the left leg was assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Scores of LTPA were obtained by questionnaire. Girls were divided into four groups comprising those with consistently low (GLL) or consistently hig…
Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies
2021
As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric c…
Nutritional Characterization of Sea Bass Processing By-Products
2020
The consumption of functional foods and nutraceuticals is gaining more importance in modern society. The exploration of alternative sources and the utilization of by-products coming from the food industry are gaining more importance. The present study aimed to characterize the nutritional value and potential use of sea bass by-products as a source of high-added-value compounds for the development of supplements. The chemical composition (moisture, protein, fat, and ash contents) and profiles of amino acids (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a scanning fluorescence detector), fatty acids (gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector), and minerals (inductively co…
Invenzione, composizione e tempo nell’architettura di Giuseppe Samonà; Invention, Composition and Time in the Architecture of Giuseppe Samonà
2016
Una riflessione su alcune costanti presenti nell’opera di Giuseppe Samonà deve anticipare un approfondimento dedicato esclusivamente alle centrali termiche realizzate in Sicilia dal 1955 al 1962. Si vogliono inquadrare le ragioni di alcune scelte senza per questo avere la pretesa di raggiungere un’esaustività critica rispetto alle molte questioni offerte dall’ampia produzione teorica e progettuale di Samonà. Se si osserva l’architettura di Samonà, in termini di invenzione e composizione ci si accorge come la cosiddetta “rivoluzione miracolosa”, non è una frattura ma una sorta di aggiornamento nel “già costruito” preso a riferimento. Il procedere di Samonà assoggettando frammenti e il rielab…
Analysis of composition, morphology, and biosynthesis of cuticular wax in wild type bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and its glossy mutant
2021
Abstract In this study, cuticular wax load, its chemical composition, and biosynthesis, was studied during development of wild type (WT) bilberry fruit and its natural glossy type (GT) mutant. GT fruit cuticular wax load was comparable with WT fruits. In both, the proportion of triterpenoids decreased during fruit development concomitant with increasing proportions of total aliphatic compounds. In GT fruit, a higher proportion of triterpenoids in cuticular wax was accompanied by a lower proportion of fatty acids and ketones compared to WT fruit as well as lower density of crystalloid structures on berry surfaces. Our results suggest that the glossy phenotype could be caused by the absence o…
Molecular Composition of Glutamine Synthetase of Sinapis alba L.
1988
Chloroplastic glutamine synthetase of Sinapis alba, purified to homogeneity by a simple three step procedure, revealed a molecular weight of about 395 kDa. The native enzyme is composed of eight subunits of identical molecular weight (about 50 kDa (each), although isoelectrofocusing yielded six distinct bands in the pH 5.6 region of the gel. Labelling of the enzyme with the glutamate analogue herbicide [14C]phosphinothricin and with [γ-32P]ATP indicated that glutamine synthetase has eight reactive centers per molecule. The native enzyme dissociated into two enzymatically active subaggregates of about 195 kDa after Mg2+ deprivation.