Search results for " concentration"

showing 10 items of 1684 documents

Supported liquid membrane extraction with single hollow fiber for the analysis of fluoroquinolones from environmental surface water samples

2010

Abstract In this work, the simple analytical method for the determination of four fluoroquinolone antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and danofloxacin, in environmental surface water samples is described. Sample pretreatment step was performed by the application of a technique based on supported liquid membrane extraction with the configuration of single hollow fiber (HF-SLM). The HPLC system with diode array detection was used for final analysis of studied analytes. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency during HF-SLM enrichment, such as type of membrane diluent, pH of donor (sample) and acceptor phases, as well as an enrichment time and salt content of sa…

DanofloxacinAnalytical chemistrySodium ChlorideBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyDiluentSensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical ChemistryRiversmedicinehollow fiberenvironmental samplesSample preparationfluoroquinolonesChromatography High Pressure LiquidDetection limitChromatographysample preparationChemistryOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)Reproducibility of ResultsMembranes ArtificialGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAnti-Bacterial Agentssupported liquid membrane extractionWater treatmentHydrochloric AcidEnrichment factorWater Pollutants Chemicalmedicine.drugJournal of Chromatography A
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Victors, Vanquished and Neutrals: The Swedish Press and the Nuremberg Trial

2011

After the shock of the ghastly revelations from the liberated concentration camps began to wane in late spring 1945, there was little written on the Nazi genocide in the Swedish press until autumn 1945. As elsewhere, the attention and energies of the newspaper media were directed to covering other tumultuous events of the world. For example, the Swedish press followed closely the developments in its neighbouring countries — not least Finland, which seemed to be on the verge of a Soviet-instigated coup, and therefore caused a lot of anxiety and discussion in the Swedish press. In line with the concept of Nordic Brotherhood, as discussed in Chapter 3, the Swedish press functioned as a channel…

Death campHistorymedia_common.quotation_subjectLawNazi concentration campsNazismJewish questionAncient historyGenocidePublicitymedia_commonNewspaper
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Tuning the pH-Switch of Supramolecular Polymer Carriers for siRNA to Physiologically Relevant pH

2017

The preparation of histidine enriched dendritic peptide amphiphiles and their self-assembly into multicomponent pH-switchable supramolecular polymers is reported. Alternating histidine and phenylalanine peptide synthons allow the assembly/disassembly to be adjusted in a physiologically relevant range of pH 5.3-6.0. Coassembly of monomers equipped with dendritic tetraethylene glycol chains with monomers bearing peripheral primary amine groups leads to nanorods with a tunable cationic surface charge density. These surface functional supramolecular polycations are able to reversibly bind short interfering RNA (siRNA). The nanorod-like supramolecular polymers, their complexation with siRNA, and…

DendrimersCircular dichroismPolymers and PlasticsStereochemistryPhenylalanineStatic ElectricitySupramolecular chemistryBioengineeringPeptide02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPolyethylene GlycolsBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundCationsAmphiphileMaterials ChemistryHistidineRNA Small Interferingchemistry.chemical_classificationDrug CarriersNanotubesGene Transfer Techniquestechnology industry and agricultureCationic polymerizationHydrogen-Ion Concentration021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCombinatorial chemistry0104 chemical sciencesSupramolecular polymersMonomerchemistrySelf-assemblyPeptides0210 nano-technologyBiotechnology
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Insights into the effect of soil pH on N(2)O and N(2) emissions and denitrifier community size and activity.

2010

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate how changes in soil pH affect the N 2 O and N 2 emissions, denitrification activity, and size of a denitrifier community. We established a field experiment, situated in a grassland area, which consisted of three treatments which were repeatedly amended with a KOH solution (alkaline soil), an H 2 SO 4 solution (acidic soil), or water (natural pH soil) over 10 months. At the site, we determined field N 2 O and N 2 emissions using the 15 N gas flux method and collected soil samples for the measurement of potential denitrification activity and quantification of the size of the denitrifying community by quantitative PCR of the narG , napA ,…

DenitrificationSoil testNitrogenNitrous OxideNITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONSDINITROGENNITRIFICATIONApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyDNA RibosomalMicrobial EcologyDenitrifying bacteriaSoilSoil pHRNA Ribosomal 16SNitrogen cycleNitritesSoil Microbiology[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentEcologyNitrogen IsotopesChemistrySoil classificationBiodiversityHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAgronomySoil waterMetagenomeABUNDANCESoil microbiologyNITRATEFood ScienceBiotechnologyApplied and environmental microbiology
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Cytotoxic Activity of Organotin(IV) Derivatives with Triazolopyrimidine Containing Exocyclic Oxygen Atoms

2020

In this study cytotoxicity of organotin(IV) compounds with 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, Me3Sn(5tpO) (1), n-Bu3Sn(5tpO) (2), Me3Sn(mtpO) (3), n-Bu3Sn(mtpO) (4), n-Bu3Sn(HtpO2) (5), Ph3Sn(HtpO2) (6) where 5HtpO = 4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, HmtpO = 4,7-dihydro-5-methyl-7-oxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]pyrimidine, and H2tpO2 = 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5,7- dioxo-[1,2,4]triazolo-[1,5-a]-pyrimidine, was assessed on three different human tumor cell lines: HCT-116 (colorectal carcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast cancer). While 1 and 3 were inactive, compounds 2, 4, 5 and 6 inhibited the growth of the three tumor cell lines with IC50 values in the submicromolar …

DenticityCellPharmaceutical Science01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryOrganotin CompoundstriazolopyrimidineCytotoxicityMembrane Potential MitochondrialCytotoxinsapoptosisBiological activityHep G2 CellsG2 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointsGene Expression Regulation Neoplasticmedicine.anatomical_structureChemistry (miscellaneous)Mitochondrial MembranesMCF-7 CellsMolecular MedicineCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21crystal structurein vitro anticancer activityPyrimidineCell SurvivalStereochemistryorganotin(iv)010402 general chemistryArticlelcsh:QD241-441Inhibitory Concentration 50Structure-Activity Relationshiplcsh:Organic chemistrymedicineHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMetallodrug010405 organic chemistryLigandOrganic ChemistryTriazolesHCT116 CellsapoptosiG1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints0104 chemical sciencesPyrimidineschemistrymetallodrugsCell cultureApoptosisDrug DesignTumor Suppressor Protein p53Reactive Oxygen SpeciesMolecules
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Dynamic chemical devices: photoinduced electron transfer and its ion-triggered switching in nanomechanical butterfly-type bis(porphyrin)terpyridines.

2005

A series of butterfly-type molecular constructs has been prepared in good yield by using a double Stille coupling synthetic protocol. They are composed of a terpyridine (terpy) scaffold and two wings composed of appended porphyrins that are capable of switching from an extended W geometry to a compact U geometry upon cation coordination of the terpy unit. The porphyrin moieties exist in the constructs either as free bases or they can be sequentially metallated, thus giving rise to wings of different "colours". Stationary and time-resolved emission studies of the HZn, ZnAu and Zn2Au constructs show that the electronic properties are strongly dependent on the geometry. In the extended W confo…

DenticityMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPorphyrinsChemical PhenomenaPhotochemistryPyridinesMolecular ConformationElectronsPhotochemistryCrystallography X-RayLigandsCatalysisPhotoinduced electron transferchemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferLigandHydrogen bondChemistry PhysicalOrganic ChemistryTemperatureGeneral ChemistryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPorphyrinZincSpectrometry FluorescencechemistryExcited stateSpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationIndicators and ReagentsSpectrophotometry UltravioletTerpyridineChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Tuning the Structure of Galacturonate Hydrogels: External Gelation by Ca, Zn, or Fe Cationic Cross-Linkers

2019

International audience; We show here how the nature of various divalent cations M2+ (Ca2+, Zn2+, or Fe2+) influences the structure and mechanical properties of ionotropic polygalacturonate (polyGal) hydrogels designed by the diffusion of cations along one direction (external gelation). All hydrogels exhibit strong gradients of polyGal and cation concentrations, which are similar for all studied cations with a constant ratio R = [M2+]/[Gal] equal to 0.25, showing that every M2+ cation interacts with four galacturonate (Gal) units all along the gels. The regions of the hydrogels formed in the early stages of the gelation process are also similar for all cations and are homogeneous, with the s…

DenticityPolymers and PlasticsDiffusionIronBioengineering02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesDivalentBiomaterialsCations[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringMaterials ChemistrypolyGal and cation concentrationsColloidschemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryHexuronic AcidsCationic polymerizationHydrogelsDynamic mechanical analysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySmall-angle neutron scattering0104 chemical sciencesionotropic polygalacturonate (polyGal) hydrogelsCrystallographyZincCross-Linking ReagentsHomogeneousSelf-healing hydrogelsCalcium0210 nano-technology
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DNA binding, nuclease activity, DNA photocleavage and cytotoxic properties of Cu(II) complexes of N-substituted sulfonamides.

2013

Abstract Ternary copper(II) complexes [Cu(NST)2(phen)] (1) and [Cu(NST)2(NH3)2]·H2O (2) [HNST = N-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)naphthalene-1-sulfonamide] were prepared and characterized by physico-chemical techniques. Both 1 and 2 were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The crystal structures show the presence of a distorted square planar CuN4 geometry in which the deprotonated sulfonamide, acting as monodentate ligand, binds to the metal ion through the thiazole N atom. Both complexes present intermolecular π–π stacking interactions between phenanthroline rings (compound 1) and between naphthalene rings (compound 2). The interaction of the complexes with CT DNA was studied b…

DenticityStereochemistryCell SurvivalUltraviolet RaysPhenanthrolineRadicalStackingAscorbic AcidNaphthalenesBiochemistryFluorescence spectroscopyInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50Coordination ComplexesCell Line TumorAnimalsHumansDNA CleavageThiazoleNucleaseSulfonamidesBinding SitesbiologyCytotoxinsHydroxyl RadicalDNAHydrogen PeroxidePhotochemical ProcessesKineticschemistrybiology.proteinCattleDNACopperPhenanthrolinesJournal of inorganic biochemistry
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Deoxysarpagine Hydroxylase — A Novel Enzyme Closing a Short Side Pathway of Alkaloid Biosynthesis in Rauvolfia

2002

Microsomal preparations from cell suspension cultures of the Indian plant Rauvolfia serpentina catalyze the hydroxylation of deoxysarpagine under formation of sarpagine. The newly discovered enzyme is dependent on NADPH and oxygen. It can be inhibited by typical cytochrome P450 inhibitors such as cytochrome c, ketoconazole, metyrapone, tetcyclacis and carbon monoxide. The CO-effect is reversible with light (450 nm). The data indicate that deoxysarpagine hydroxylase is a novel cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase. A pH optimum of 8.0 and a temperature optimum of 35 degrees C were determined. K(m) values were 25 microM for NADPH and 7.4 microM for deoxysarpagine. Deoxysarpagine hydroxylase…

Deoxysarpagine hydroxylase activityLightCytochromeStereochemistryClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceBiochemistryRauwolfiaIndole AlkaloidsHydroxylationchemistry.chemical_compoundCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemRauvolfia serpentinaDrug DiscoveryMolecular BiologyPlant Proteinschemistry.chemical_classificationCarbon MonoxidebiologyChemistryDeoxysarpagine hydroxylaseCytochrome cOrganic ChemistryTemperatureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMonooxygenasebiology.organism_classificationSecologanin Tryptamine AlkaloidsKineticsEnzymeBiochemistrybiology.proteinMolecular MedicineAryl Hydrocarbon HydroxylasesNADPBioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
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Indoor air quality in schools of a highly polluted south Mediterranean area

2019

This study aimed at surveying lower secondary schools in southern Italy, in a highly polluted area. A community close to an industrial area and three villages in rural areas was investigated. Indoor temperature, relative humidity (RH), gaseous pollutants (CO 2 and NO 2 ), selected biological pollutants in indoor dust, and the indoor/outdoor mass concentration and elemental composition of PM 2.5 were ascertained. Temperature and RH were within, or close to, the comfort range, while CO 2 frequently exceeded the threshold of 1000 ppm, indicating inadequate air exchange rate. In all the classrooms, median NO 2 levels were above the WHO threshold value. Dermatophagoides p. allergen concentration…

Der p 1Rural PopulationendotoxinEnvironmental EngineeringPM010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesThreshold limit valueair pollutionNitrogen DioxideAir pollutionPM2.5010501 environmental sciencesmedicine.disease_causecomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesindoor comfort parametersIndoor air qualityindoor comfort parameterMetals HeavymedicineHumansMass concentration (chemistry)Relative humidityParticle Sizeheavy metalsSicily0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPollutantAir PollutantsCarbon MonoxideElemental compositionSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica AmbientaleSchoolsMediterranean RegionTemperaturePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthDustHumidityBuilding and Constructionheavy metalVentilation2.5Air Pollution IndoorEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental scienceMediterranean areaParticulate MatterEnvironmental MonitoringIndoor Air
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