Search results for " conversion"

showing 10 items of 447 documents

Theoretical analysis of the optimum energy band gap of semiconductors for fabrication of solar cells for applications in higher latitudes locations

2005

In this work some results of theoretical analysis on the selection of optimum band gap semiconductor absorbers for application in either single or multijunction (up to five junctions) solar cells are presented. For calculations days have been taken characterized by various insolation and ambient temperature conditions defined in the draft of the IEC 61836 standard (Performance testing and energy rating of terrestrial photovoltaic modules) as a proposal of representative set of typical outdoor conditions that may influence performance of photovoltaic devices. Besides various irradiance and ambient temperature ranges, these days additionally differ significantly regarding spectral distributio…

Theory of solar cellsMaterials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryBand gapPhotovoltaic systemEnergy conversion efficiencyIrradianceSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOpticsSemiconductorSolar cell efficiencylawSolar cellOptoelectronicsbusinessSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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Thermalization and condensation in an incoherently pumped passive optical cavity

2011

International audience; We study theoretically and numerically the condensation and the thermalization of classical optical waves in an incoherently pumped passive Kerr cavity. We show that the dynamics of the cavity exhibits a turbulent behavior that can be described by the wave turbulence theory. A mean-field kinetic equation is derived, which reveals that, in its high finesse regime, the cavity behaves essentially as a conservative Hamiltonian system. In particular, the intracavity turbulent field is shown to relax adiabatically toward a thermodynamic equilibrium state of energy equipartition. As a consequence of this effect of wave thermalization, the incoherent optical field undergoes …

Thermodynamic equilibriumPlane wavePhysics::OpticsOptical fieldFrequency conversionincluding higher-order harmonic generation01 natural sciencesoptical instabilitiesharmonic generationlaw.inventionSchrödinger equation010309 opticssymbols.namesakelawQuantum mechanicsDynamics of nonlinear optical systems0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsEquipartition theoremPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]and optical spatio-temporal dynamicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical cavityQuantum electrodynamicssymbolsDissipative systemoptical chaos and complexityHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Coherence
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Efficient Conversion of Carbon Dioxide by Imidazolium-Based Cross-Linked Nanostructures Containing Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Buildi…

2019

Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) have been employed as molecular building blocks for the synthesis of imidazolium cross-linked networks, to be used as heterogeneous catalysts for the conversion of carbon dioxide into cyclic carbonates. Two hybrid materials with different nucleophilic species (bromide and iodide) have been prepared and characterized by means of elemental analysis, 13C and 29Si solid-state NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and IR spectroscopy. The solids were tested as the sole catalyst under metal- and solvent-free reaction conditions showing full selectivity toward the formation of cyclic carbonates. High turnover number (TON) and productivity values,…

Thermogravimetric analysisMaterials science010405 organic chemistryGlycidolInfrared spectroscopypolyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanesGeneral Chemistrycyclic carbonatesimidazolium salts010402 general chemistryHeterogeneous catalysis01 natural sciencesSilsesquioxane0104 chemical sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundcarbon dioxide conversioncyclic carbonateheterogeneous catalysischemistryChemical engineeringheterogeneous catalysiMoietyHybrid materialimidazolium salt
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Intracavity Frequency Doubling and Difference Frequency Mixing for Pulsed ns Ti:Sapphire Laser Systems at On-Line Radioactive Ion Beam Facilities

2015

Intra-cavity second harmonic generation of a Titanium:sapphire (Ti:sa) laser system has been used to improve the conversion efficiency to the second harmonic. Over the course of several experiments performance data spanning the whole wavelength range of a Ti:sa has been collected, which may be used as a guideline for future experiments. An average output power of up to 3.7 W was achieved, resulting in a conversion efficiency of >75 % to the second harmonic. A wavelength coverage from 340-525 nm has been demonstrated. To extend the wavelength range of the solid state laser system, difference frequency mixing has been applied to the intra-cavity doubled light and the fundamental output of a s…

Ti:sapphireMaterials scienceta114Ion beambusiness.industryEnergy conversion efficiencyTi:sapphire laserSecond-harmonic generationLaserlaw.inventionWavelengthOpticsSolid-state laserlawfrequency mixingresonance ionization spectroscopyHarmonicbusinessProceedings of the Conference on Advances in Radioactive Isotope Science (ARIS2014)
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TiO2 Photocatalytic glucose conversion to H2 and high value chemicals

2015

In this work it is reported the conversion of glucose in aqueous dispersion of various TiO2 based photocatalysts. Aerobic and anaerobic conditions were used to study the distribution of the products both in the liquid (arabinose, gluconic acid, fructose and formic acid) and gas (H2 and CO2) phases. Commercial and home prepared bare and Pt-supported TiO2 samples were used as the photocatalysts.

TiO2 photocatalyst glucose conversion high value chemicalsSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie
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Photocatalytic membranes based on TiO2 catalysts and fluorinated polymers for CO2 conversion

2015

In this work, prepared TiO2–Nafion™-based membranes were used in a photocatalytic membrane reactor, operated in continuous mode, for converting CO2 to methanol.

TiO2 Photocatalytic membranes CO2 conversionSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie
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Mixed Harmonic Elimination Control for a Single-Phase 9 Level Grid-Connected Inverter

2018

The power quality requirements are increasingly stringent, due to the continuous growth of devices connected to the grid that introduce harmonics. These devices include DC to AC energy conversion systems, i.e. grid connected inverters. The design, control and operation of these systems must take into account the rules of interconnection to the electricity grid. To improve the quality of the output waveform of the grid-connected inverter, Multilevel Converters (MC) with selective harmonic elimination modulation technique can be used. This paper presents a single-phase nine level grid-connected inverter with DC/DC input stages. The obtained switching angles for THD minimization are independen…

Total harmonic distortionselective Harmonic elimination (SHE)business.industryComputer scienceTotal Harmonic Distortion (THD)Electrical engineeringModulation indexEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyConvertersAC powerGridDC-AC conversionHarmonic MitigationSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaComputer Networks and CommunicationArtificial IntelligenceHarmonicsMultilevel InverterWaveformInverterSafety Risk Reliability and Qualitybusiness2018 International Conference on Smart Grid (icSmartGrid)
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Dietary Conversions and Forms of Life

2019

This paper regards the emergence of forms of life in the field of food and dietary choices. It aims at connecting meat-free diets with the notion of form of life, especially focussing on the moment of “conversion” from an omnivourous diet to vegetarianism or veganism. The semiotic mechanisms of transitions between forms of life connected to dietary regimens will be highlighted. How does the conversion happen? Like in spiritual and religious discourses, the conversion is often a striking event, a punctual episode in the subject’s life, affecting particularly his/her pathemic and sensorial spheres. In other cases, conversions imply complex and slow processes, affecting pragmatic and cognitive…

TranslationModel of Dietetic ConversionVegetarianismAssertion/AssumptionDietary RegimenVeganismSettore M-FIL/05 - Filosofia E Teoria Dei Linguaggi
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Startup and effects of relative water renewal rate on water quality and growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a unique RAS research platfo…

2018

Abstract The aquaculture industry is growing fast but facing two major challenges: a shortage of suitable locations for growth and the need to reduce environmental impacts. One solution for both these challenges is inland production through recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). The RAS technique is rather new, and several practical issues need to be solved. In this study, an experimental platform, consisting of ten individual RAS units, was built for small-scale testing of different RAS designs and operation methods, and two preliminary experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, the capability of different chemical additions (sodium nitrite, ammonium chloride and/or cane sugar)…

UV/VIS spectrometrywater quality monitoringvesinitrifikaatio010501 environmental sciencesAquatic Science01 natural sciencesFeed conversion ratiochemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateAquacultureNitritevesiviljely (kalatalous)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbusiness.industrylaatu04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesPulp and paper industrynitrificationchemistrydimensioningBiofilter040102 fisheriesta11810401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental scienceresearch facilityNitrificationRainbow troutWater qualitybusinessAquacultural Engineering
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A solar photothermo-catalytic combined process for the VOCs combustion and the subsequent CO2 valorization using noble metal-free catalysts

2023

We here investigated a solar photothermo-catalytic combined process where the toluene (as volatile organic compound model) was first oxidized to CO2 which was subsequently converted into solar fuels in a second reactor. For this aim two noble-metal free catalytic systems were used, namely MnOx-ZrO2, which gave the best results for the toluene removal, and brookite TiO2-CeO2 mixed oxides which were the most efficient in the subsequent CO2 conversion. This latter reaction was further improved by the addition of small amounts of copper-based materials on brookite-ceria, acting as co-catalysts. The key point for both the examined reactions was the synergism between the thermocatalytic and the p…

VOCs removal CO2 conversion Photothermo-catalysis Noble metals-free catalysts Brookite MnOxSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieGeneral ChemistryCatalysisCatalysis Today
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