Search results for " countries"

showing 10 items of 449 documents

Association between cannabis use and sexual behavior among adolescents aged 12-15 years in 21 low- and middle-income countries.

2019

Abstract Aims To investigate the relationship between cannabis use and two sexual behaviors (ever had sex, multiple partners) in a large representative sample of adolescents aged 12–15 years from 21 low- and-middle income countries. Methods Data from 84,867 adolescents aged 12–15 years participating in the Global School-based Student Health Survey were analyzed. Participants reported lifetime frequency of cannabis use (analyzed as 0, 1–2, 3–19 or ≥ 20 times), whether they had ever had sexual intercourse (yes/no) and, if yes, their lifetime number of sexual partners. We used multivariable logistic regression to analyze associations, adjusting for a range of relevant covariates. Results 12.7%…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentSexual Behavior030508 substance abuseMedicine (miscellaneous)ToxicologyLogistic regressionOdds03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEpidemiologyMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineAssociation (psychology)ChildDeveloping Countriesbiologybusiness.industryCoitusOdds ratiobiology.organism_classificationPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologySexual intercourseSexual PartnersSexual behaviorFemaleMarijuana UseCannabis0305 other medical sciencebusinessDemographyAddictive behaviors
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Phenotypic variability and disparities in treatment and outcomes of childhood arthritis throughout the world: an observational cohort study

2019

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-05T16:54:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-04-01 IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini Background To our knowledge, the characteristics and burden of childhood arthritis have never been studied on a worldwide basis. We aimed to investigate, with a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of disease categories, treatment methods, and disease status in patients from across different geographical areas and from countries with diverse wealth status. Methods In this multinational, cross-sectional, observational cohort study, we asked international paediatric rheumatologists from specialised centres to enrol children with a diagnosis of juvenile …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyChildhood arthritisCross-sectional studyPopulationGlobal HealthPediatrics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030225 pediatricsEpidemiologymedicineDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyJournal ArticleHumansPediatrics Perinatology and Child Health; Developmental and Educational Psychology030212 general & internal medicineHealthcare DisparitiesChildeducationDisease burdenPain MeasurementRetrospective Studieseducation.field_of_studyOligoarthritisbusiness.industryPerinatology and Child HealthJuvenile idiopathic arthritismedicine.diseaseJUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS; OF-RHEUMATOLOGY RECOMMENDATIONS; DISEASE-ACTIVITY SCORE; DEFINING CRITERIA; CLASSIFICATION; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VALIDATION; COUNTRIES; VALIDITYArthritis Juvenilechildhood arthritisphenotypic variabilityobservational cohort studyCross-Sectional StudiesBiological Variation PopulationSettore MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICAAntirheumatic AgentsChild PreschoolPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthQuality of LifeFemalePolyarthritisJuvenile idiopatic arthritis of-rheumatology recommentadions disease-activity score defining criteria classification children epidemiology validation countries validitybusinessDemographyCohort study
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Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with autoimmune hepatitis.

2009

To evaluate and confirm the low incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). At present only very few cases of HCC in patients with AIH and definite exclusion of chronic viral hepatitis have been published, suggesting that HCC due to AIH is rare.In order to further investigate the incidence of HCC in patients with AIH, we reviewed our large cohort of 278 patients with AIH.Eighty-nine patients (32%) were diagnosed with liver cirrhosis, a preneoplastic condition for HCC. We studied a total of 431 patient years of cirrhosis in these patients, an average 4.8 years per patient. During this period none of the patients of our own study cohort developed H…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisAsiaCarcinoma HepatocellularAutoimmune hepatitisGastroenterologyCohort StudiesHepatitis B Chronicimmune system diseasesInternal medicineMedicineHumansneoplasmsAfrica South of the SaharaAgedHepatitisbusiness.industryLiver Cirrhosis BiliaryDeveloped CountriesIncidenceLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyGeneral MedicineHepatitis CHepatitis BHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesBrief ArticlesHepatitis AutoimmuneHepatocellular carcinomaFemaleHemochromatosisbusinessLiver cancerViral hepatitisWorld journal of gastroenterology
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The Association Between Objectively Measured Vision Impairment and Self-Reported Physical Activity Among 34,129 Adults Aged ≥50 Years in Six Low- and…

2022

The authors investigated the association between vision impairment and physical activity among older adults from low- and middle-income countries. Visual acuity was measured using the tumbling ElogMAR chart, and vision impairment was defined as visual acuity worse than 6/18 (0.48 logMAR) in the better seeing eye. Physical activity was assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression and meta-analysis were conducted to assess associations. The sample included 34,129 individuals aged 50–114 years (mean [SD] age 62.4 [16.0] years; 47.9% male). After adjustment for confounders, near vision impairment was not significantly associated with low physical act…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuitygenetic structuresVisual impairmentVision DisordersPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and Rehabilitationepidemiology health education physical education public health visual impairmentAudiologyLogistic regressionEpidemiologyMedicineHumansDeveloping CountriesExerciseAgedAged 80 and overbusiness.industryRehabilitationConfoundingOdds ratioMiddle Agedeye diseasesConfidence intervalCross-Sectional StudiesHealth educationFemaleSelf ReportGeriatrics and Gerontologymedicine.symptombusinessGerontologyVisually Impaired PersonsJournal of aging and physical activity
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Efficacy and Safety of Mass Cataract Surgery Campaign in a Developing Country

2012

To determine the visual outcomes achieved in terms of efficacy and safety during a mass eye surgery campaign in a low-income developing country.Three hundred fifteen eyes of 305 patients underwent extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation in a prospective, analytical, experimental, and nonrandomized study on patients who underwent cataract surgery during the campaign that two Spanish nongovernmental organizations conducted in December 2008 in a district hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso).Mean age was 61.97 ± 14.39 years. The mean uncorrected distance visual acuity before surgery was 2.17 ± 0.7 (20/3000), which improved to 0.86 ± 0.64 logMAR (20/150) 3 month…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVisual acuitygenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentVisual AcuityDeveloping countryIntraocular lensCataract ExtractionCataractCataract extractionLens Implantation IntraocularBurkina FasomedicineHumansProspective StudiesEye surgeryProspective cohort studyDeveloping Countriesbusiness.industryFollow up studiesMiddle AgedCataract surgeryeye diseasesSurgeryOphthalmologyTreatment OutcomeFemalesense organsmedicine.symptombusinessFollow-Up StudiesOptometryOptometry and Vision Science
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Association of objective visual impairment with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adults aged =50 years in low/middle-income countries.

2021

BackgroundThere is currently limited literature on the association between visual impairment and suicidal thoughts and behaviours, especially among older adults from low/middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, we aimed to investigate the associations of objectively measured distance visual impairment with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among adults aged ≥50 years from six LMICs and to identify potential mediators.MethodsCross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health were analysed. Objective distance visual acuity was measured using the tumbling E logMAR chart, and vision impairment was categorised as none, mild, m…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyvisionVisual impairmentPoison controlSuicide AttemptedSuicide preventionOccupational safety and healthSuicidal Ideation03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsEpidemiologyInjury preventionmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineSuicidal ideationDeveloping CountriesPovertyAgedbusiness.industrypublic healthLonelinessMiddle AgedSensory SystemsOphthalmologyCross-Sectional StudiesFemalevision.epidemiologymedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDemography
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Global trends of hand and wrist trauma: A systematic analysis of fracture and digit amputation using the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study

2020

BackgroundAs global rates of mortality decrease, rates of non-fatal injury have increased, particularly in low Socio-demographic Index (SDI) nations. We hypothesised this global pattern of non-fatal injury would be demonstrated in regard to bony hand and wrist trauma over the 27-year study period.MethodsThe Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 was used to estimate prevalence, age-standardised incidence and years lived with disability for hand trauma in 195 countries from 1990 to 2017. Individual injuries included hand and wrist fractures, thumb amputations and non-thumb digit amputations.ResultsThe global incidence of hand trauma has only modestly decreased since…

Malemedicine.medical_treatmentHandsWristburden of diseaseGlobal HealthGlobal Burden of Disease0302 clinical medicineLIFE EXPECTANCY1506030212 general & internal medicinehand injuryPOPULATIONOriginal Research030222 orthopedicseducation.field_of_studyIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)Hand InjuriesWristsWristWrist Injuries3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational health3. Good healthPREVALENCEmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleQuality-Adjusted Life YearsTERRITORIESdescriptive epidemiologymedicine.medical_specialtyPopulation195 COUNTRIESThumbAmputation Surgical03 medical and health sciencesAGEmedicineTraumasHumanseducationHand injurySEX-SPECIFIC MORTALITYbusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthEASTERN-EUROPEAmputationsmedicine.diseaseNumerical digitAmputationHEALTH-CAREPhysical therapyLife expectancyINJURIESbusinessFractures
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Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection

2019

Background: End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods: This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associ…

Malemodelos logísticosmedicine.medical_treatmenthumanossurgial careColorectal Neoplasmpaíses desarrolladosLogistic regressionoutcomesGlobal Healthurgencias médicas0302 clinical medicinepaíses en desarrolloSurgicalestudios prospectivosColostomy80 and overglobalsurg030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyMultivariate Analysimediana edadCancerAged 80 and overEmergencieancianoAnastomosis colorectal resection colostomyAnastomosis SurgicalColostomyGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedadultocolostomy; colorectal cancer; human developlment index3. Good healthColo-Rectal Cancertraditional healersElective Surgical Procedures030220 oncology & carcinogenesisFemaleColorectal Neoplasms6.4 Surgerylow incomeCohort studyHumanDeveloped CountrieAdultAdult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Anastomosis Surgical; Colorectal Neoplasms; Colostomy; Elective Surgical Procedures; Emergencies; Female; Global Health; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Prospective Studies; Developed Countries; Developing Countriesmedicine.medical_specialtyneoplasias colorrectalesLogistic Modelcancer anastomosis surgical income stomas colostomy procedure colorectal resection end colostomy emergency surgical procedure human development indexdelayAnastomosishuman developlment indexPerforation (oil well)lcsh:Surgerycolorectal cancerAnastomosisGlobalSurg CollaborativeNO03 medical and health sciencesCase mix indexClinical ResearchmedicinecancerHumansanálisis multifactorialDeveloping CountriesAgedemergency abdominal surgery low income surgial care traditional healers cancer mortality outcomes delayElective Surgical Procedurebusiness.industryKirurgiDeveloped Countriesleft colon resection anastomosis end colostomyEvaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventionslcsh:RD1-811Odds ratiomortalitySurgeryProspective StudieLogistic ModelsMultivariate AnalysisSurgeryEmergenciesbusinessDigestive Diseasescolostomíaemergency abdominal surgery
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Body Mass Index and Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults from Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

2022

Background: The effect of weight modification on future dementia risk is currently a subject of debate and may be modified by age. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) status with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (a preclinical stage of dementia) in middle-aged and older adults residing in six low- and middle-income countries using nationally representative data. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analyzed. MCI was defined using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria. BMI (kg/m2) was based on measured weight and height and categorized as: under…

MaleobesityAgingGeneral Neurosciencebody mass indexGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedBody Mass IndexPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyCross-Sectional Studiescognitive dysfunctionRisk FactorsPrevalenceHumansCognitive DysfunctionFemaleGeriatrics and GerontologyDeveloping Countriesobesity.AgedJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
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The Association between Loneliness, Mental Well-Being, and Self-Esteem among Adolescents in Four Nordic Countries

2021

Positive mental health is central to adolescent well-being. The present study examines the prevalence of loneliness and positive mental health indicators (mental well-being and self-esteem) in four Nordic countries and associations between loneliness, mental well-being, and high self-esteem. This study is based on data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study which was conducted in 2018 in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden. Participants were 5883 15-year-old boys and girls. To examine the associations between loneliness, mental well-being, and self-esteem, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied. In the comparison of Nordic countries, the prevalence of lonel…

Malepersoonallisuuden kehitysAdolescentitsetuntemushyvinvointiScandinavian and Nordic CountriesihmissuhteetArticlehenkinen hyvinvointinuoretpositive mental healthmielenterveyshäiriötlonelinessHumansadolescentsChildFinlandself-esteemPohjoismaatLonelinesspublic healthRpositiivinen psykologiamental well-beingmurrosikäitsetuntoSelf Conceptsosiaaliset suhteetNordic countriesMental HealthyksinäisyysMedicineFemaleInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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