Search results for " countries"
showing 10 items of 449 documents
New records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Latvia, with a list of lichenicolous fungi reported from Latvia
2019
Four species of lichen-forming fungi (Calicium pinastri, Chaenotheca laevigata, Lecania croatica and Pycnora praestabilis) and two lichenicolous fungi (Arthrorhaphis aeruginosa and Chaenothecopsis epithallina) are reported as new for Latvia. The first comprehensive list of lichenicolous fungi in Latvia is also presented, including their hosts and distribution in Latvia (northern Europe).
High-order services and spatial change in the central and eastern European countries
2004
This paper examines the level of high-order services in the CEECs. These services are of growing strategic importance across the whole range of production sectors in developed economies (Bailly and Coffey, 1994). They are both the cause and the consequence of globalization, in a cumulative process. It is through high-order services that large cities, and the regions around them, become closely interconnected within global networks. These services are fundamental features both in the changing pattern of regional disparities across an enlarged EU and in the process of metropolization (Bourdeau-Lepage, 2004a and Bourdeau-Lepage Huriot, 2002 and 2004). The development of high-order services wil…
The Economic Burden of Child Maltreatment in High Income Countries.
2015
Maltreatment is a common cause of children’s functional and emotional impairment. Costs for the society are high, as a substantial amount of resources have been allocated for various types of services connected to maltreatment of children. These include acute treatment, long-termcare, family rehabilitation programs, and judiciary activities.There is a long-lasting debate on how child abuse could be prevented or reduced. How can the costs of related services be contained? What is the role of pediatricians in such efforts? This article raises these important questions within the framework of the debate opened by the article by Gerber-Grote et al regarding the role of health economics in impro…
Dominance and leadership in research activities: Collaboration between countries of differing human development is reflected through authorship order…
2017
Introduction Scientific collaboration is an important mechanism that enables the integration of the least developed countries into research activities. In the present study, we use the order of author signatures and addresses for correspondence in scientific publications as variables to analyze the interactions between countries of very high (VHHD), high (HHD), medium (MHD), and low human development (LHD). Methodology We identified all documents published between 2011 and 2015 in journals included in the Science Citation Index-Expanded categories’ of Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, and Pediatrics. We then classified the countries participating in the publications acco…
Is loneliness associated with mild cognitive impairment in low- and middle-income countries?
2021
Background: Loneliness may be a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment but studies on this topic are scarce, particularly from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between loneliness and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in six LMICs (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia and South Africa). Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Ageing-Alzheimer's Association criteria. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and meta-analysis were conducted t…
Biopiracy versus One-World Medicine-From colonial relicts to global collaborative concepts.
2017
Abstract Background Practices of biopiracy to use genetic resources and indigenous knowledge by Western companies without benefit-sharing of those, who generated the traditional knowledge, can be understood as form of neocolonialism. Hypothesis The One-World Medicine concept attempts to merge the best of traditional medicine from developing countries and conventional Western medicine for the sake of patients around the globe. Study design Based on literature searches in several databases, a concept paper has been written. Legislative initiatives of the United Nations culminated in the Nagoya protocol aim to protect traditional knowledge and regulate benefit-sharing with indigenous communiti…
De capitanías generales y tesorerías militares: el control financiero y sus dilemas en tiempos de Alejandro Farnesio (siglo XVI)
2015
A partir de fuentes inéditas, este artículo analiza qué tipo de medidas administrativas estableció la Corona en la década de 1580 para someter la gestión financiera de la capitanía general del ejército de Flandes a un control más riguroso. también proporciona evidencias documentales de por qué la Corona desistió en su empeño fiscalizador en esta misma década. Con ello, el artículo muestra la disyuntiva de incrementar o rebajar el control que se planteaba en coyunturas clave. Además, pone de manifiesto el apoderamiento que la función fiscalizadora del consumo de fondos militares podía proporcionar en un escenario de guerra; la resistencia que semejante apoderamiento suscitaba entre los agent…
Europe’s War against COVID-19: A Map of Countries’ Disease Vulnerability Using Mortality Indicators
2020
Specific and older age-associated comorbidities increase mortality risk in severe forms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We matched COVID-19 comorbidities with causes of death in 28 EU countries for the total population and for the population above 65 years and applied a machine-learning-based tree clustering algorithm on shares of death for COVID-19 comorbidities and for influenza and on their growth rates between 2011 and 2016. We distributed EU countries in clusters and drew a map of the EU populations&rsquo
Europeanisation as a driver of dependent financialisation in East-Central Europe: insights from the Baltic states
2021
The aim of this paper is to contribute to advancing the academic debate on dependent financialisation through a focus on East-Central Europe. In doing so, the paper identifies the role of Europeanisation as a driver of dependent financialisation using the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania as case studies. The paper makes two main contributions to the literature on dependent financialisation. First, it argues that, through the establishment of 'financial chains', dependent financialisation creates asymmetric co-dependencies and bilateral risks between the 'dependent' economies in the (semi-)periphery and the financial actors in core countries. While the (semi-)peripheral economi…
COVID-19, an opportunity for developing countries?
2020
The COVID-19 outbreak was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as global pandemic in March 2020. Considering the necessity to implement rapid response to control the pandemic and the fragility and the state of need of low income countries, it will be mandatory to develop a global approach in order to reduce the spread of infection and the creation of community viral reservoirs. So far, we could hypothesize a worst case scenario in which when the COVID-19 outbreak hits a peak in Africa and in low-income countries, the majority of such countries will be unprepared, with low resources allocated for affording the viral emergency and the consequences will be catastrophic with no lesso…