Search results for " coupler"
showing 10 items of 23 documents
A new low cost power line communication solution for smart grid monitoring and management
2018
Modern smart grids require the improvement of measurement and communication infrastructures of distribution networks, at both medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) levels. Distributed sensing and measurement systems are needed to provide all necessary data for grid monitoring, control and management, as well as for the implementation of a number of smart functionalities, such as remote control of distributed generators (DGs), real time analysis of power flows, automatic meter reading (AMR), demand side management (DSM), grid automation and so on [1]-[6]. Acquired network data include typical electrical network quantities and status variables (such as powers, voltages, currents, switches …
Reconfigurable photonic routers based on multimode interference couplers
2015
We present a design approach for compact reconfigurable light routers with N access waveguides (WGs) based on multimode interference (MMI) couplers. The proposed devices comprise two MMI couplers, which are employed as power splitters and combiners, respectively, linked by an array of N single-mode WGs. When the effective refractive index of the WGs is modulated with the proper relative optical phase difference, the light can switch paths between the preset output channel and the remaining output WGs. Taking advantage of the transfer phases between the access ports of the MMI couplers, we derive very simple phase relations between the modulated WGs that enable the reconfiguration of the out…
A distributed model for continuous-wave erbium-doped fiber laser
2011
Abstract A distributed model of a continuous-wave erbium-doped fiber laser is discussed. The model is based on two contra-propagated traveling laser waves, and includes inhomogeneous pumping, excited state absorption at the pump and the laser wavelengths, amplified spontaneous emission and radial distribution of populations of erbium levels. It is shown that excited state absorption is a main limiting factor to the laser's efficiency. Moreover, consideration of radial distributions of erbium levels' populations in the model reduces laser efficiency and decreases optimal reflection of the laser output coupler. The modeling results are in excellent agreement with the experimental study on the…
A New Low Cost Coupling System for Power Line Communication on Medium Voltage Smart Grids
2018
This paper proposes and verifies the performance of an innovative and low cost coupling system for power line communication (PLC) on medium voltage (MV) smart grids. The coupling system makes use of the capacitive divider of the voltage detecting systems (VDSs) to inject and receive the PLC signal. VDS are usually already installed in the MV switchboards of the major electrical manufacturer all over the world according to IEC 61243-5. VDS are used to detect the presence of the mains voltage to guarantee personnel safety. An interface circuit has been developed to be connected between the PLC transceiver and the VDS socket. In this way, the PLC signal can be coupled to the MV network without…
Efficient CAD of Optimal Multi-Port Junctions Loaded with Partial-Height Cylindrical Posts using the 3D BI-RME Method
2005
A rigorous full-wave technique based on the 3D BI-RME (Boundary Integral-Resonant Mode Expansion) method for the analysis and design of compensated waveguide junctions is presented. This method is used to investigate the electrical performance of right-angled bends and rectangular waveguide T-junctions loaded with partial-height cylindrical posts, with the aim of extending the typical usable bandwidths of such components. It is found that the electrical performance of a two-way power divider can be significantly improved by considering a post displaced along the symmetry plane of the structure. Therefore, this contribution reveals a new crucial design parameter not considered in previous wo…
A DRO-based X-band injection-locked amplifier without input non-reciprocal elements
2009
Conventional design of injection-locked amplifiers (ILA's) implies the use of a non-reciprocal (ferrite, usually) element for separating the input signal from the synchronized output signal. In this paper a novel topological structure is proposed which permitted the realization of a wide-band, transmission-type, ILA with no need for separating input-port isolator or preamplifier. The prototype, realized in HMIC technology, while intended only as demonstrator of the newly proposed approach in the design of ILA's, shows quite satisfactory performances at X-band, with a simple, compact and low-cost structure.
Development of a Coupling System for Medium Voltage Power Line Communication in the CENELEC A Frequency Band
2016
In this paper the performances of a new power line communication (PLC) coupling system for medium voltage (MV) smart grids are investigated in the CENELEC A frequency band (i.e. 3 - 95 kHz). The new coupling solution is based on the use of the capacitive divider of the voltage detecting system (VDS) as PLC coupler to the MV network. According to IEC 61243-5, VDS are worldwide used to reveal the presence of the mains voltage to ensure the safety of the operators. A proper interface circuit has been invented and patented to couple the PLC signal through the VDS. In this way no dedicated MV PLC coupler is required, thus avoiding the related costs of the coupler, of its installation, and those …
High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based on Highly Overcoupled Tapered Fiber Optic Couplers
2017
In this paper, a simple and compact fiber-optic sensor based on an overcoupled tapered fiber coupler is studied. The coupler is fabricated to be operated well beyond the initial coupling cycles, where the rapid exchange of energy between outputs ports enable the fabrication of a highly sensitive device. The suitability and sensitivity of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by measuring refractive index (RI) variations of sugar concentrations in water. The device presents a linear response in terms of power transmission or wavelength shift versus RI changes. The best achieved sensitivity is 0.442 units of normalized transmission per unit of sugar concentration, with a noise detection limit o…
Wavelength-selective directional coupling with dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguides
2009
International audience; We consider wavelength-selective splitting of radiation using directional couplers (DCs) formed by dielectric-loaded surface-plasmon-polariton waveguides (DLSPPWs). The DCs were fabricated by depositing subwavelength-sized polymer ridges on a gold film using large-scale UV photolithography and characterized at telecommunications wavelengths with near-field microscopy. We demonstrate a DLSPPW-based 45-mu m-long DC comprising 3 mu m offset S bends and 25-mu m-long parallel waveguides that changes from the "through" state at 1500 nm to 3 dB splitting at 1600 nm, and show that a 50.5-mu m-long DC should enable complete separation of the radiation channels at 1400 and 162…
Thermo-optic control of dielectric-loaded plasmonic Mach-Zehnder interferometers and directional coupler switches
2012
We report detailed experimental studies of compact fiber-coupled dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide components-Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) and directional couplers (DCs)-whose operation at telecom wavelengths is controlled via the thermo-optic effect by electrically heating the gold stripe of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguides. The effect of the gaps isolating the heated part of the waveguide from the rest of the structure was examined showing the presence of a Fabry-Perot cavity in this MZI arm. Wavelength-dependent modulation is demonstrated with MZI-based components, and wavelength dependent low power (similar to 0.92 mW) rerouting is achieved with DC switches. Furthermore…