Search results for " damage"

Regulation of Apoptosis in Endocrine Autoimmunity

2002

Dysregulation of apoptosis is associated with the pathogenesis of organ-specific autoimmune diseases, through altered target organ susceptibility. Apoptosis signaling pathways can be initiated through activation of death receptors such as Fas. A comparative analysis of the expression of Fas and FasL, the antiapoptotic molecule Bcl-2, and apoptosis in both thyrocytes and thyroid-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from patients with either Graves' disease (GD) or Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) was performed. GD thyrocytes expressed less Fas than HT thyrocytes, whereas GD TILs had higher levels of Fas and FasL than HT TILs. GD thyrocytes expressed higher levels of Bcl-2 compared with HT thyrocytes.…

FRI0056 Joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 15-20 years – are there differences between women and men?

2013

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is suggested to be a more severe disease in women than in men as disease activity appears higher in women and men meet remission criteria more often than women do. Long-term severity of RA can be analyzed from permanent joint damage in radiographs. Objectives To study possible differences in the extent of radiographic joint damage between women and men in four early RA cohorts with 15 or more years of prospective follow-up. Methods Early RA cohorts with prospective longitudinal observations include following cohorts: Jyvaskyla Central Hospital with 70 patients from 1990’s (JYV1990) and 135 patients from the 1980’s (JYV1980), Lund University Hospital with…

Swelling, Intracellular Acidosis, and Damage of Glial Cells

1996

Cerebral ischemia and severe head injury among others are associated with a limited availability of oxygen, leading to cell catabolism as well as anaerobic glycolysis. Resulting metabolites, such as arachidonic- and lactic acid, can be expected to leak into perifocal brain areas, contributing there to cytotoxic swelling and damage of neurons and glia. Since elucidation of mechanisms underlying cell swelling and damage in the brain is difficult in vivo, respective investigations were carried out in vitro using suspended glial cells. Thereby, effects of arachidonic acid (AA) and of lactacidosis on glial cell volume, intracellular pH (pHi), and cell damage were analyzed utilizing flow cytometr…

Relationship of Cerebral Blood Flow Disturbances with Brain Oedema Formation

1993

Brain oedema is an important factor which compromises maintenance of the cerebral blood flow. Conversely, primary blood flow disturbances are leading to brain oedema. The mechanisms underlying blood flow impairment by brain oedema are associated with an increased regional tissue pressure in proportion to the degree of water accumulation in the parenchyma. The release of vasoactive mediator compounds might be considered in addition. Primary disturbances of the cerebral blood flow, such as focal or global cerebral ischaemia are leading to an increased cerebral water content. A decrease of the cerebral blood flow to ca. 40% of normal or below has been found to result in the development of brai…

Role of Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Organ Transplantation

1997

Reperfusion of oxygenated blood into previously ischemic tissue is essential to prevent the progression of cellular injury due to the decreased nutritional blood flow, i.e., the decreased delivery of oxygen and metabolic substrates, as well as the removal of harmful metabolic byproducts. However, it has become obvious that reperfusion also initiates a complex series of pathologic events that contribute to, rather than prevent, further tissue damage. Moreover, a growing body of evidence indicates that ischemia/reperfusion injury is initiated by events that occur at the level of the microcirculation. In the first part of this overview, we will delineate the major components of the microcircul…

Joint damage and motor learning during unipedal stance in haemophilia arthropathy: report of two cases

2016

Risk of Muscle Damage With Blood Flow-Restricted Exercise Should Not Be Overlooked.

2019

Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy

2021

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a progressive asymptomatic neuro-vascular complication of diabetes that triggers irreversible retinal damage [...]

Reappraisal of European guidelines on hypertension management: A European Society of Hypertension Task Force document

2009

Abbreviations ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; BP: blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESC: European Society of Cardiology; ESH: European Society of Hypertension; ET: endothelin; IMT: carotid intima-media thickness; JNC: Joint National Commit

Brain Opioid Activity and Oxidative Injury: Different Molecular Scenarios Connecting Celiac Disease and Autistic Spectrum Disorder

2020

Celiac Disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease triggered by the ingestion of wheat gliadin and related prolamins from other cereals, such as barley and rye. Immunity against these cereal-derived proteins is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by both innate and adaptive system response in individuals unable to adequately digest them. Peptides generated in this condition are absorbed across the gut barrier, which in these patients is characterized by the deregulation of its permeability. Here, we discuss a possible correlation between CD and Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) pathogenesis. ASD can be induced by an excessive and inappropriate brain opioid activity during the neon…