Search results for " death"
showing 10 items of 1548 documents
The European trauma course – trauma teaching goes European
2014
The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified trauma as the major health care challenge of our century, claiming more productive life years worldwide than any other disease [1]. In the European Union (EU), injury accounts for 15 % of all deaths before the age of 60 years and is the fourth most common cause of death, with more than 235,000 deaths each year from injuries, equating to 600 injury fatalities per day [2]. In children, adolescents and young adults, accident and injury rates are even higher, being the leading cause of death in these age groups. Mortality from trauma in the EU has fallen 20 % in the past 20 years, to a rate of 63.7 per 100,000 in 2010 [3]. This reduction is par…
Right posterior diaphragmatic hernia (Bochdalek) with liver involvement and alteration of hepatic outflow in adult: a case report
2016
Introduction Posterior right diaphragmatic hernia is rare in newborn patients but when present, is accompanied by high mortality. Pulmonary hypoplasia seems to be the main cause of death but the presence of liver involvement remains one of the reasons for poor prognosis even when intrauterine surgery is performed. Case Description In this article, we will present a rare case that was diagnosed by chance in a 65-year old adult presenting with an adenocarcinoma of the rectosigmoid junction and a right Bochdalek hernia with liver herniation and modification of the hepatic vein outflow with a natural right to left shunt. Discussion Diaphragmatic repair was performed on the patient with a mash a…
Antiplatelets in stroke prevention
2014
Stroke is the second cause of death worldwide and one of the leading cause of disability. Due to the high rate of recurrence, in high risk-patients (eg patients affected by atherosclerotic vascular disease), long-term antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of vascular events such as non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or vascular death. The percentage of reduction of the events can be estimated in approximately 25%. These data justify the directions that are given to us by the current guidelines for prevention of secondary stroke, which recommend the broad use of antiplatelet therapy both for the secondary prevention of stroke in patients with a history of non-cardioembolic st…
ANMCO/ISS/AMD/ANCE/ARCA/FADOI/GICR-IACPR/SICI-GISE/SIBioC/SIC/SICOA/SID/SIF/SIMEU/SIMG/SIMI/SISA Joint Consensus Document on cholesterol and cardiova…
2017
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease still represents the leading cause of death in western countries. A wealth of scientific evidence demonstrates that increased blood cholesterol levels have a major impact on the outbreak and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Moreover, several cholesterol-lowering pharmacological agents, including statins and ezetimibe, have proven effective in improving clinical outcomes. This document is focused on the clinical management of hypercholesterolemia and has been conceived by 16 Italian medical associations with the support of the Italian National Institute of Health. The authors have considered with particular attention the role of hypercholesterole…
The addition of simvastatin administration to cold storage solution of explanted whole liver grafts for facing ischemia/reperfusion injury in an area…
2018
Abstract Background Liver transplantation is the best treatment for end-stage liver disease. The interruption of the blood supply to the donor liver during cold storage damages the liver, affecting how well the liver will function after transplant. The drug Simvastatin may help to protect donor livers against this damage and improve outcomes for transplant recipients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of treating the donor liver with Simvastatin compared with the standard transplant procedure. Patient and methods We propose a prospective, double-blinded, randomized phase 2 study of 2 parallel groups of eligible adult patients. We will compare 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month g…
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: What the anesthesiologist should know
2016
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a rather common sleep disorder and constitutes a risk or an aggravating factor for various underlying diseases. OSAS is characterised by repeated upper airway collapse during sleep causing fragmented sleep, hypoxemia and hypercapnia. It may also cause considerable changes in intrathoracic pressure and an increase in sympathetic nervous activity, which represent the basis of associated pathologies such as arterial hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke and sudden death [1]. Moreover, there is a well-established association between OSAS and postoperative complications [2, 3]. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patien…
The antiapoptotic protein BAG3 is expressed in thyroid carcinomas and modulates apoptosis mediated by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducin…
2007
Abstract Context: We previously showed that BAG3 protein, a member of the BAG (Bcl-2-associated athanogene) co-chaperone family, modulates apoptosis in human leukemias. The expression of BAG3 in other tumor types has not been extensively investigated so far. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze BAG3 expression in thyroid neoplastic cells and investigate its influence in cell apoptotic response to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Design, Setting, and Patients: We investigated BAG3 expression in human thyroid carcinoma cell lines, including NPA, and the effect of BAG3-specific small interfering RNA on TRAIL-induced apoptosis in NPA cells. Subsequently, we analyz…
Special Article - Exercise-induced right ventricular injury or arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM): The bright side and the dark side of the moon.
2020
There is still debate on the range of normal physiologic changes of the right ventricle or ventricular (RV) function in athletes. Genetic links to arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) are well-established. There is no current consensus on the importance of extensive exercise and exercise-induced injury to the RV. During the intensive exercise of endurance sports, the cardiac structures adapt to athletic load over time. Some athletes develop RV cardiomyopathy possibly caused by genetic predisposition, whilst others develop arrhythmias from the RV. Endurance sports lead to increased volume and pressure load in both ventricles and increased myocardial mass. The extent of volume increase and cha…
Imaging funzionale per diffusione (DWI) e ischemia cerebrale in fase acuta: Potenzialità diagnostiche e confronto con metodiche convenzionali
1997
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and is a major cause of long-term disability. Neuroprotective treatment within a 4-hour «therapeutic window» has proved highly efficacious in reducing morbility and mortality in animal model. It is with this background that the need for emergent diagnosis and therapy of acute stroke in strongly suggested. Computed tomography (CT) shows the parenchymal changes of acute stroke too late to be helpful, and its role has been primarily to evaluate the possibility of intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage. While conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can demonstrate parenchymal abnormalities 4–6 hours after ischemia, newer techniques such as diff…
The Role of Erythropoietin in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: From Bench to Bedside
2014
Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) caused by a ruptured aneurysm accounts for only 5 % of strokes, but occurs at a fairly young age and carries a poor prognosis. Delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) is an important cause of death and dependence after aneurysmal SAH. The current mainstay of preventing DCI is nimodipine and maintenance of normovolemia, but even with this strategy DCI occurs in a considerable proportion of patients.