Search results for " decision support system"
showing 10 items of 89 documents
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Disaster Management - A Systematic Literature Review
2019
Whenever a disaster occurs, users in social media, sensors, cameras, satellites, and the like generate vast amounts of data. Emergency responders and victims use this data for situational awareness, decision-making, and safe evacuations. However, making sense of the generated information under time-bound situations is a challenging task as the amount of data can be significant, and there is a need for intelligent systems to analyze, process, and visualize it. With recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), numerous researchers have begun exploring AI, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) techniques for big data analytics in managing disasters efficiently. This paper adopt…
A Cross-Regional Exploration of Barriers to the Adoption and Use of Electronic Meeting Systems
2007
Originally published in the journal Group Decision and Negotiation: http://www.springerlink.com/content/100270/ Electronic Meeting Systems (EMS) are intended to support group collaboration in completing tasks. While there have been many case studies and laboratory experiments on how EMS can support group tasks, large scale macro investigations exploring EMS adoption and use have been practically non-existent. Furthermore, while several barriers to EMS adoption and use have been suggested, their validation across organizations remains unexplored. We undertook a global initiative to explore information technology support for task-oriented collaboration in the US, Australia, Hong Kong, and Nor…
Hume’s guillotine and intelligent technologies
2021
AbstractEmerging intelligent society shall change the way people are organised around their work and consequently also as a society. One approach to investigating intelligent systems and their social influence is information processing. Intelligence is information processing. However, factual and ethical information are different. Facts concern true vs. false, while ethics is about what should be done. David Hume recognised a fundamental problem in this respect, which is that facts can be used to derive values. His answer was negative, which is critical for developing intelligent ethical technologies. Hume’s problem is not crucial when values can be assigned to technologies, i.e. weak ethic…
Modelling swarm-intelligent systems for medical applications
2017
Modeling swarm intelligent systems has attracted attention of researchers over the last decade, as the attributes such as self-organization, self-regulation or collective behavior exhibited by the system entities while following a certain set of rules, can be implemented with the aim at investigating complexity of the problems that an individual would be unable to tackle in real world. In this keynote paper, meta-heuristics and paradigms of modeling swarm-intelligent systems will be discussed with respect to their application areas for medical purposes.
From Deep Learning to Deep University: Cognitive Development of Intelligent Systems
2018
Search is not only an instrument to find intended information. Ability to search is a basic cognitive skill helping people to explore the world. It is largely based on personal intuition and creativity. However, due to the emerged big data challenge, people require new forms of training to develop or improve this ability. Current developments within Cognitive Computing and Deep Learning enable artificial systems to learn and gain human-like cognitive abilities. This means that the skill how to search efficiently and creatively within huge data spaces becomes one of the most important ones for the cognitive systems aiming at autonomy. This skill cannot be pre-programmed, it requires learning…
Recent advances of HCI in decision-making tasks for optimized clinical workflows and precision medicine.
2020
The ever-increasing amount of biomedical data is enabling new large-scale studies, even though ad hoc computational solutions are required. The most recent Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques have been achieving outstanding performance and an important impact in clinical research, aiming at precision medicine, as well as improving healthcare workflows. However, the inherent heterogeneity and uncertainty in the healthcare information sources pose new compelling challenges for clinicians in their decision-making tasks. Only the proper combination of AI and human intelligence capabilities, by explicitly taking into account effective and safe interaction paradigms,…
Ethics in designing intelligent systems
2019
The idea of Hume’s guillotine contains the argument that one cannot derive values from facts. As intelligent systems operate with facts, Hume’s famous dilemma seems to contradict the very idea of being able to create ethical intelligent systems. In a closer look, ethics is a system of rules guiding actions. Actions always have factual or cognitive aspects, as well as evaluative or emotional aspects. Therefore, Hume’s juxtaposition of facts and norms is not well-founded. Instead of separating the facts and norms it should rather ask what kinds of facts are associated to what kinds of norms. Consequently, Hume’s guillotine sets no limits in processing ethical information, as one can combine f…
Applying Wavelet Packet Decomposition and One-Class Support Vector Machine on Vehicle Acceleration Traces for Road Anomaly Detection
2013
Road condition monitoring through real-time intelligent systems has become more and more significant due to heavy road transportation. Road conditions can be roughly divided into normal and anomaly segments. The number of former should be much larger than the latter for a useable road. Based on the nature of road condition monitoring, anomaly detection is applied, especially for pothole detection in this study, using accelerometer data of a riding car. Accelerometer data were first labeled and segmented, after which features were extracted by wavelet packet decomposition. A classification model was built using one-class support vector machine. For the classifier, the data of some normal seg…
A Rule-Based Multi-agent System for Local Traffic Management
2009
Road Traffic presents a high dynamism which makes necessary the development of traffic management and control strategies to improve traffic flows and more important, road safety. So it is needed the use of intelligent systems to support traffic organizations and road operators to cope with incidents. In this paper we introduce a local autonomous system for traffic management. This way, though there could be a breakdown in the communications between the local system and the TCC, the local system will be able to warn the road users in case of incidents. The system uses multiagent technology to work with the specific characteristics of traffic domain. The expert MAS system is ruled-based that …
A GIS-based method for evaluating the walkability of a pedestrian environment and prioritised investments
2020
Abstract Despite the large investments made in the construction and modernisation of railway infrastructure, poor quality pedestrian routes may discourage users from using public transport. In fact, very little attention is generally paid to pedestrian mobility. Therefore, a method for evaluating the quality of pedestrian paths and the accessibility to railway stations has been developed. This method considers the main factors influencing the walkability of an urban area and makes it possible to establish the priorities for intervention, i.e. to identify the arcs of a pedestrian network that require prioritised action. The methodology is a decision support tool that can be used by policymak…