Search results for " density"

showing 10 items of 2709 documents

Unveiling the Different Reactivity of Bent and Linear Three-Atom-Components Participating in [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions

2021

The reactivity of a series of pairs of bent and linear three-atom-component (B-TACs and L-TACs) participating in [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reactions towards ethylene and electrophilic dicyanoethylene (DCE) have been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory. While the pseudodiradical structure of B-TACs changes to that of pseudoradical or carbenoid L-TACs upon dehydrogenation, zwitterionic B-TACs remain unchanged. Conceptual Density Functional Theory (CDFT) indices characterize five of the nine TACs as strong nucleophiles participating in polar reactions towards electrophilic ethylenes. The activation energies of the 32CA reactions with electrophilic DCE range from 0.5 to 22.0…

analytical_chemistry[3 + 2] cycloaddition reactionsOrganic chemistrychemical and pharmacologic phenomena010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesQD241-441stomatognathic systemNucleophileComputational chemistrySingle bondReactivity (chemistry)skin and connective tissue diseasesCarbenoid010405 organic chemistryChemistrymolecular electron density theoryRegioselectivity16. Peace & justiceCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesreactivitystomatognathic diseasesbent and linear three-atom-componentsregioselectivityElectrophileDensity functional theoryOrganics
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Efecto de la radiación ionizante persistente a bajas dosis en la angiogénesis del carcinoma renal de células claras : estudio morfométrico comparativ…

2013

La angiogénesis en el carcinoma de células renales claras (ccRCC) es un proceso influenciado por sustancias producidas en su mayoría por el tumor en respuesta a una reestructuración vascular necesaria en su etapa de crecimiento y metástasis. La exposición persistente a bajas dosis de radiación ionizante (CPLDIR) ha sido asociada a modificaciones nucleares que estimulan la proliferación celular neoplásica. Sus efectos en el proceso de neovascularización de los ccRCC han sido poco estudiados. Métodos: Estudiamos a través de un estudio morfométrico semiautomático e inmunohistoquímico, la densidad microvascular (MVD) y la expresión de factores angiogénicos en 124 pacientes con ccRCC de regiones…

angiogenesisclear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)microvascular density (MVD)UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASimmunohistochemistryangiogenic factorsradiation exposure to persistent low-dose (CPLDIR):CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]morphometry
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Chiral hemicucurbit[8]uril as an anion receptor: selectivity to size, shape and charge distribution

2017

A novel eight-membered macrocycle of the hemicucurbit[n]uril family, chiral (all-R)-cyclohexanohemicucurbit[8]uril (cycHC[8]) binds anions in a purely protic solvent with remarkable selectivity. The cycHC[8] portals open and close to fully encapsulate anions in a 1 : 1 ratio, resembling a molecular Pac-Man™. Comprehensive gas, solution and solid phase studies prove that the binding is governed by the size, shape and charge distribution of the bound anion. Gas phase studies show an order of SbF6− ≈ PF6− > ReO4− > ClO4− > SCN− > BF4− > HSO4− > CF3SO3− for anion complexation strength. An extensive crystallographic study reveals the preferred orientations of the anions within the octahedral cav…

anion receptors010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryselectivityCharge densityIsothermal titration calorimetryGeneral Chemistryhemicucurbituril010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesIonSolventCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundmacrocyclesOctahedronchemistryPhase (matter)Selectivityta116Protic solventChemical Science
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Contribution of observed multi frequency spectrum of Alfvén waves to coronal heating

2019

Context. Whilst there are observational indications that transverse magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves carry enough energy to maintain the thermal structure of the solar corona, it is not clear whether such energy can be efficiently and effectively converted into heating. Phase-mixing of Alfvén waves is considered a candidate mechanism, as it can develop transverse gradient where magnetic energy can be converted into thermal energy. However, phase-mixing is a process that crucially depends on the amplitude and period of the transverse oscillations, and only recently have we obtained a complete measurement of the power spectrum for transverse oscillations in the corona. Aims. We aim to investig…

atmosphere [Sun]Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)corona [Sun]T-NDASContext (language use)Astrophysics01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciences0103 physical sciencesQB AstronomyAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsQA MathematicsSun: oscillationsQASun: magnetic fields010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCQB030304 developmental biologyPhysics0303 health sciencesMagnetic energySun: coronaoscillations [Sun]Spectral densityAstronomy and AstrophysicsTransverse waveCoronal loopComputational physicsTransverse planeQC PhysicsAmplitudemagnetic fields [Sun]Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencePhysics::Space PhysicsWavesMagnetohydrodynamicsSun: atmosphereAstronomy & Astrophysics
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Modelling the effect of nuclear motion on the attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectra of ethylene

2014

arXiv:1403.5408

attosecond pump probeAttosecondFOS: Physical sciencesElectronmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesSpectral lineSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materianuclear motionTDDFTPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesmedicinePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculePhysics - Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Chemical Physics010306 general physicsPhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)010304 chemical physicsTRPESTime-dependent density functional theoryCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics3. Good healthExtreme ultravioletFemtosecondAtomic physicsAtomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)Ultraviolet
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Di-, Tri-, and Tetra(pentafluorophenyl) Derivatives for Oligotopic Anion−π Interactions

2013

The present study describes a series of pentafluorobenzyl ammonium salts with two, three, or four C6F5 units in order to investigate simultaneous interactions of several perfluorinated arenes with anions in the crystalline state. Most of the structures show multiple anion-π contacts. However, only 6·2HI reveals an effective encapsulation of the iodide ion by the aromatic units. For comparison, the structure of 4b is investigated because it offers two π-systems with inverse charge distribution to a bromide anion. Only the electron-deficient π-system of the pentafluorophenyl group interacts with the anion.

biologyChemistryChemieCharge densitybiology.organism_classificationMedicinal chemistryIonInorganic ChemistryIodide ionchemistry.chemical_compoundBromideTetraAmmoniumPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116Inorganic Chemistry
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Structure of keyhole limpet hemocyanin type 1 (KLH1) at 15 Å resolution by electron cryomicroscopy and angular reconstitution † 1 †This article is de…

1997

Abstract A three-dimensional reconstruction of keyhole limpet hemocyanin type 1 (KLH1) has been obtained using electron cryomicroscopy at liquid helium temperatures and single particle image processing. The use of a high-contrast embedding medium, 1% (w/v) glucose and 2% (w/v) ammonium molybdate (pH 7.0), enables high-resolution electron micrographs to be recorded close to focus, i.e. with excellent transfer of high-resolution information, while maintaining enough image contrast to localise the individual macromolecules in the images. When low-pass filtered to ∼45 A resolution, the new 15 A resolution reconstruction is very similar to the earlier reconstructions of gastropodan hemocyanins o…

biologyCryo-electron microscopymedicine.medical_treatmentResolution (electron density)Single particle analysisHemocyaninMegathura crenulatabiology.organism_classificationSymmetry (physics)CrystallographyStructural Biologybiology.proteinmedicineMolecular BiologyKeyhole limpet hemocyaninMacromoleculeJournal of Molecular Biology
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Helminth Communities in Audouin's Gulls, Larus audouinii from Chafarinas Islands (Western Mediterranean)

1999

A survey of intestinal helminth communities of Audouin's s gulls Larus audouinii, from their breeding colonies in Chafarinas Islands, western Mediterranean, Spain was conducted to determine the abundance and species diversity of intestinal parasites of these birds. The sample of 58 gulls harbored intestinal helminth infracommunities composed of species that are gull generalists, including the digeneans Cardiocephalus longicollis, Knipowitschiatrema nicolai, Condylocotyla pilodora, and Aporchis massiliensis, and the cestode Tetrabothrius cylindraceus. Two nematodes are waterfowl generalists (Cosmocephalus obvelatus and Paracuaria adunca), whereas the digenean Acanthotrema armata is an Audoui…

biologyEcologyAbundance (ecology)WaterfowlHelminthsSpecies diversityParasitologySpecies richnessGeneralist and specialist speciesLarusbiology.organism_classificationPopulation densityEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsThe Journal of Parasitology
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Impact of human disturbance and beliefs on the tree agama Acanthocercus atricollis atricollis in a South African communal settlement

2009

We investigated the effects of human disturbance and attitudes on the density of the tree agama Acanthocercus atricollis atricollis in a densely populated rural settlement in South Africa. In this environment agamas live on trees that are harvested for firewood or maintained for fruit production. We conducted visual encounter surveys of A. a. atricollis and interviewed local households to establish whether human attitudes and actions could affect tree agama populations. Although local residents viewed tree agamas negatively (50% of interviewees claimed to have killed an agama) and acted to exclude them from their environment, tree agama density in villages was higher than that of adjacent c…

biologyEcologyAgamabiology.organism_classificationPopulation densityPredationHabitat destructionGeographyAcanthocercus atricollisRangelandRural settlementProtected areaEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsNature and Landscape ConservationOryx
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Population Structure and Habitat Selection by Anisakis simplex in 4 Odontocete Species from Northern Argentina

2003

We described the population structure and habitat selection of Anisakis simplex in 46 franciscanas, Pontoporia blainvillei, 8 Burmeister's porpoises, Phocoena spinnipinis, 2 Dusky dolphins, Lagenorhynchus ob- scurus, and 2 common dolphins, Delphinus delphis, caught incidentally in the coastal fisheries of northern Argentina. Prevalence ranged from 50% to 100%, but mean intensities were low (1.0-3.6), suggesting that A. simplex has low recruitment rates to coastal dolphins in this area. Adult nematodes were found exclusively in the main stomach of 64.5% of franciscanas (the first stomach of this species) and the forestomach of 50% of Burmeister's porpoises and Dusky dolphins. Other developme…

biologyEcologyAnisakis simplexZoologyCetaceaPhocoenaDelphinus delphisbiology.organism_classificationPopulation densityHabitatbiology.animalParasitologyLagenorhynchusMatingEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsComparative Parasitology
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