Search results for " density"

showing 10 items of 2709 documents

Effect of Vacancies on Positron Annihilation and Hyperfine Interactions in Fe-Al Alloys - <i>Ab Initio</i> Study

2012

Vacancies occupying different sub-lattices of D03 structure of Fe3Al alloy were investigated by the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The calculations basing on the super-cell approach have been performed for the vacancy concentrations of 1.6 and 3 at.%. For both concentrations the sub-lattice preference for vacancy location was determined. The dependence of vacancy formation energy on magnetic state of structure has been found. The positron lifetimes for the annihilation in the bulk (Fe3Al) and in vacancies have been investigated basing on the ab initio results for the electron density. The effect of vacancies on spin magnetic moment and hy-perfine parameters of Fe ato…

Electron densityMaterials scienceAnnihilationCondensed matter physicsAlloyAb initioengineering.materialCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpin magnetic momentCondensed Matter::Materials SciencePositronVacancy defectPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersengineeringGeneral Materials ScienceHyperfine structureSolid State Phenomena
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Electronic Properties of Layered Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 Heterostructure: Ab initio Hybrid Density Functional Calculations

2005

Ab initio calculations of the BST heterostructure with equiatomic constituent of Sr and Ba species has been carried out within hybrid functional B3PW involving a hybrid of non-local Fock exchange and Becke's gradient corrected exchange functional combined with the non-local gradient corrected correlation potential by Perdew and Wang. The suggested scheme of calculations reproduces experimental lattice parameters of both pure BaTiO3 and SrTiO3. The calculated optical band gap for the pure SrTiO3 (BaTiO3) is 3.56 (3.46) eV (expt. 3.25 and 3.20 eV, respectively), i.e. agreement is much better than in the standard LDA or HF calculations. In the Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 solid solution the gap is reduced b…

Electron densityMaterials scienceBand gapAb initioHeterojunctionCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSemimetalHybrid functionalCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsAtomic physicsElectronic band structureMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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Ab initio calculations of the atomic and electronic structure of layered Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 structures

2005

Abstract Understanding of the atomic and electronic structure of Ba c Sr 1 −  c TiO 3 (BST) solid solutions is important for several applications including the non-volatile ferroelectric memories (dynamic random access memory, DRAM). We present results of ab initio calculations of several spatial arrangements of Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 solid solutions based on DFT-HF B3PW hybrid method. We calculate the atomic and electronic structure, the effective charges, interatomic bond populations, the electronic density distribution, and densities of states for three layered structures with the same composition. The suggested method reproduces experimental lattice parameters of both pure BaTiO 3 and SrTi…

Electron densityMaterials scienceBand gapMechanical EngineeringElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsFerroelectricityIonMechanics of MaterialsAb initio quantum chemistry methodsGeneral Materials ScienceAtomic physicsElectronic densitySolid solutionMaterials Science and Engineering: B
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Ab InitioModeling of Metal Adhesion on Oxide Surfaces with Defects

2000

Our ab initio studies show that surface defects cause redistribution of the electron density which can increase substantially the binding energy of metal atoms to oxide surfaces. The results for electron $({F}_{s}^{0})$ and hole $({V}_{s}^{0})$ centers in the adhesion of Ag atoms (at 1:4 and 1:1 coverages) to a MgO(100) surface, combined with previous studies for charged defects, support earlier ideas of the mechanism of radiation-enhanced adhesion of nonreactive metals on oxide substrates. The results suggest that some optical control of adhesion energies is possible through charge transfer.

Electron densityMaterials scienceBinding energyOxideAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronCrystallographic defectMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumRedistribution (chemistry)Atomic physicsPhysical Review Letters
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Comparative density-functional LCAO and plane-wave calculations ofLaMnO3surfaces

2005

We compare two approaches to the atomic, electronic, and magnetic structures of LaMnO3 bulk and the (001), (110) surfaces—hybrid B3PW with optimized LCAO basis set (CRYSTAL-2003 code) and GGA-PW91 with plane-wave basis set (VASP 4.6 code). Combining our calculations with those available in the literature, we demonstrate that combination of nonlocal exchange and correlation used in hybrid functionals allows to reproduce the experimental magnetic coupling constants Jab and Jc as well as the optical gap. Surface calculations performed by both methods using slab models show that the antiferromagnetic (AF) and ferromagnetic (FM) (001) surfaces have lower surface energies than the FM (110) surfac…

Electron densityMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsMagnetic structureLinear combination of atomic orbitalsAtomPlane waveCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsBasis setSurface energyElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsHybrid functionalPhysical Review B
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Site symmetry approach in the supercell model of carbon-doped ZnO bulk

2017

Abstract Carbon-doped zinc oxide is one of promising materials for technological applications due to its ferromagnetism observed at room temperature. When using the hybrid DFT-HF Hamiltonian based on the PBE0 exchange-correlation functional for large-scale calculations on defective ZnO:C single crystal, we have shown that application of supercell model for carbon impurity located at O site of wurtzite-structured ZnO bulk results in the dependence of calculated formation energy of the point defect (Eform) on the selected site symmetry of the substituted atom in the supercell. For a more symmetric C3v site usually used for simulation of defective ZnO structures, values of formation energy per…

Electron densityMaterials scienceDopantGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technologyElectronic structure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsCrystalCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeFerromagnetismComputational chemistryImpurity0103 physical sciencessymbolsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Single crystalChemical Physics Letters
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Interstitial-oxygen-atom diffusion in MgO.

1996

configuration is the ~111! dumbbell centered at a regular oxygen site, whereas face-centered and cube-centered configurations are higher in energy by 1.45 eV and 3.57 eV, respectively. The~111! configuration isclose in energy to the ~110! configuration, which allows the dumbbell to rotate easily on a lattice site. In allthese four cases the interstitial oxygen atom attracts considerable additional electron density from its nearestregular O

Electron densityMaterials scienceOxygen atomchemistryLattice (order)chemistry.chemical_elementDumbbellAtomic physicsOxygenPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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The hydration shell of myoglobin.

1992

The space in the unit cell of a metmyoglobin crystal not occupied by myoglobin atoms was filled with water using Monte Carlo calculations. Independent calculations with different amounts of water have been performed. Structure factors were calculated using the water coordinates thus obtained and the known coordinates of the myoglobin atoms. A comparison with experimental structure factors showed that both the low and the high resolution regime could be well reproduced with 814 Monte Carlo water molecules per unit cell with a B-value of 50 A2. The Monte Carlo water molecules yield a smaller standard R-value (0.166) than using a homogeneous electron density for the simulation of the crystal w…

Electron densityMyoglobinProtein ConformationMonte Carlo methodBiophysicsWaterGeneral MedicineCrystal structureMolecular physicsCrystalCrystallographyReciprocal latticechemistry.chemical_compoundSolvation shellMyoglobinchemistryX-Ray DiffractionYield (chemistry)Monte Carlo MethodProtein BindingEuropean biophysics journal : EBJ
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Simultaneous determination of carrier lifetime and electron density-of-states in P3HT:PCBM organic solar cells under illumination by impedance spectr…

2010

We report new insights into recombination kinetics in poly(3-hexylthiophene):methanofullerene (P3HT:PCBM) bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, based on simultaneous determination of the density of states (DOS), internal recombination resistance, and carrier lifetime, at different steady states, by impedance spectroscopy. A set of measurements at open circuit under illumination was performed aiming to better understand the limitations to the photovoltage, which in this class of solar cells remains far below the theoretical limit which is the difference between the LUMO level of PCBM and the HOMO of P3HT (∼1.1 eV). Recombination kinetics follows a bimolecular law, being the recombination ti…

Electron densityOrganic solar cellRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentChemistryBulk heterojunctionFermi levelAnalytical chemistryCharge densityImpedance spectroscopyCarrier lifetimeMolecular physicsPolymer solar cellSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialssymbols.namesakeOrganic solar cellsymbolsDensity of statesHOMO/LUMOLifetime
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Aromaticity in Pericyclic Transition State Structures? A Critical Rationalisation Based on the Topological Analysis of Electron Density

2016

The nature of the electron delocalisation pattern within a cyclic structure, i. e. the aromatic character, is examined for six-membered pseudocyclic transition state structures (TSs) involved in five representative examples of so-called pericyclic reactions. Results of the electron localisation function (ELF) and the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analyses of the electron density evidence that in four of the cases, at least one pair of atoms are not bound at the TS configuration, thus precluding a possible cyclic conjugation. These findings make it possible to rule out the aromatic character of these TSs. High values of the synchronicity Sy index at the TSs contrast with the b…

Electron densityPericyclic reaction010405 organic chemistryChemistryAtoms in moleculesAromaticityGeneral ChemistryElectron010402 general chemistryTopology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCharacter (mathematics)AnisotropyTopology (chemistry)ChemistrySelect
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