Search results for " diabetes"
showing 10 items of 2906 documents
Thyrotropin Receptor Blocking Antibodies.
2018
AbstractAutoantibodies (Ab) against the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) are frequently found in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Autoantibodies to the TSHR (anti-TSHR-Ab) may mimic or block the action of TSH or be functionally neutral. Measurement of anti-TSHR-Ab can be done either via competitive-binding immunoassays or with functional cell-based bioassays. Antibody-binding assays do not assess anti-TSHR-Ab functionality, but rather measure the concentration of total anti-TSHR binding activity. In contrast, functional cell-based bioassays indicate whether anti-TSHR-Ab have stimulatory or blocking activity. Historically bioassays for anti-TSHR-Ab were research tools and were u…
Mutations in the NKX2.5 Gene and the PAX8 Promoter in a Girl with Thyroid Dysgenesis
2011
Screening of the known candidate genes involved in thyroid organogenesis has revealed mutations in a small subset of patients with congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid dysgenesis (TD).We studied a girl with TD who had mutations in two transcription factors involved in thyroid development.Sequencing analysis of candidate genes involved in thyroid gland development revealed a new paternally inherited heterozygous mutation in the NKX2.5 gene (S265R) and a new maternally inherited heterozygous mutation in the PAX8 promoter region (-456CT). Both parents and a brother, who was also heterozygous for both mutations, were phenotypically normal. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed a correct nucl…
No Effects of Acute Psychosocial Stress on Working Memory in Older People With Type 2 Diabetes
2021
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been considered a public health threat due to its growing prevalence, particularly in the older population. It is important to know the effects of psychosocial stress and its potential consequences for some basic cognitive processes that are important in daily life. Currently, there is very little information about how people with T2D face acute psychosocial stressors, and even less about how their response affects working memory (WM), which is essential for their functionality and independence. Our aim was to characterize the response to an acute laboratory psychosocial stressor and its effects on WM in older people with T2D. Fifty participants with T2D from 52 to…
ORBITAL PSEUDOTUMOR CAN MIMIC GRAVES’ OPHTHALMOPATHY
2016
CONTEXT: Orbital pseudotumor (OP) is a benign inflammatory process of the orbit with a large polymorphous lymphoid infiltrate, associated with fibrosis in variable amounts, localized or diffuse. Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is the most common cause of proptosis, unilateral or bilateral. CASE REPORT: We report a patient with unilateral proptosis who was initially treated with antithyroid drugs for an euthyroid Graves disease, but the extension of the investigation infirmed this. The MRI findings (inflammation of fat, muscle and the left lacrimal gland) in conjunction with the biopsy infirmed the initial diagnostic and confirmed the OP. CONCLUSIONS: Orbital pseudotumor is a rare disorder that …
Circulating irisin detection: Does it really work?
2015
The recent discovery of irisin has generated considerable interest in the scientific community. However, many studies on the biochemistry and biology of this intriguing hormone yielded controversial results in humans, which were mostly attributable to a number of drawbacks in the methods used for its detection and measurement.
Eye disease and mortality, cognition, disease, and modifiable risk factors: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies
2022
Globally, 2.2 billion people live with some form of vision impairment and/or eye disease. To date, most systematic reviews examining associations have focused on a single eye disease and there is no systematic evaluation of the relationships between eye diseases and diverse physical and mental health outcomes. Moreover, the strength and reliability of the literature is unclear. We performed an umbrella review of observational studies with meta analyses for any physical and/or mental comorbidities associated with eye disease. For each association, random-effects summary effect size, heterogeneity, small-study effect, excess significance bias and 95% prediction intervals were calculated, and …
Fructose diet induced short-term impairment of cone sensitivity and gene expression in rat retina
2012
National audience; Abstract: Purpose A high fructose diet has been widely used to trigger insulin resistance in rodent; insulin resistance is one of the major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Thirty to 40% of diabetic patients develop diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the short-term effect, at 1, 3, 5, 8 days, of a 60% fructose diet, on photoreceptor sensitivity and gene expression in the retina of Brown Norway rats. Methods: Flicker electroretinograms (8Hz) were recorded under anesthesia, from both eyes simultaneously in order to study sensitivity of photoreceptors. Then, rats were euthanized and enucleated. Retinae and posterior poles were collec…
Pharmacotherapy for gestational diabetes
2018
Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents impaired carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy and is characterized by progressive insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia. If inadequately treated, it may lead to fetal macrosomia and other adverse outcomes. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize the current evidence from studies on the use of insulin and other agents for the treatment of women with GDM. Expert opinion: Lifestyle management is of paramount importance for the treatment of GDM. In pharmacotherapy, insulin remains the long-established mainstay of treatment. NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) and soluble human insulin have long been estab…
Knowledge about diabetes mellitus among Polish medical students
2020
Introduction. Due to high prevalence of diabetes mellitus all over the world it is essential for students who will become doctors of different specialties to possess a basic knowledge of it in this field. This pilot surveybased study was designed to assess diabetes related knowledge among faculty of medicine students from all of the medical universities in Poland. Materials and methods. Students were invited to fulfill the questionnaire during Students’ Diabetology Conference and via the Internet (social media). The survey consisted of questions about respondent’s age and personal history of diabetes and diabetes related knowledge (etiology, symptoms, risk factors, complications and treatme…
Pre-operative diclofenac HPβCD for pain control of needle biopsy in musculoskeletal neoplasm: preliminary results.
2015
Needle biopsy is the main standard method used for diagnosis of musculoskeletal tumors of the limbs and superficial trunk. Pain control during this procedure is through the use of Local Anaestetic (L.A.). In order to achieve a complete pain control in our cases, recently we started using diclofenac HPβCD 50 mg via s.c. preoperativly. We present the clinical results of a non-randomized study of two eterogeneous groups of patients: "Experimental" Group (1): diclofenac HPβCD 50 mg via s.c. one hour before surgical procedure, local anesthesia and ev. diclofenac HPβCD 50 mg via s.c. 12 hours postoperative; "Conventional" Group (2): local anesthesia and ev. postoperative tramadol 100 mg via oral …