Search results for " electrode"

Abstract Electrodialysis-related technologies keep spreading in multiple fields, among which water desalination still plays a major role. A new technology that has not yet been thoroughly investigated is capacitive electrodialysis (CED), which couples the standard ED with capacitive electrodes. CED has a number of advantages such as removal of toxic products and system simplification. Little mention is made of this technology in the literature and, to the best of our knowledge, no modelling works have ever been presented. In this work, the CED process has been studied through experiments and modelling. A CED model is presented for the first time. With a simple calibration based on macroscop…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciWork (thermodynamics)Computer scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringCapacitive sensing02 engineering and technologyCapacitive electrodes020401 chemical engineeringCalibrationGeneral Materials ScienceElectromembrane proce0204 chemical engineeringProcess engineeringWater desalinationIon exchange membraneWater Science and TechnologyDesalinationbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringProcess (computing)Experimental dataGeneral ChemistryCarbon electrodeElectrodialysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology6. Clean water0210 nano-technologybusinessDynamic simulationDesalination

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Electrodialysis Applications in Wastewater Treatment for Environmental Protection and Resources Recovery: A Systematic Review on Progress and Perspec…

2020

This paper presents a comprehensive review of studies on electrodialysis (ED) applications in wastewater treatment, outlining the current status and the future prospect. ED is a membrane process of separation under the action of an electric field, where ions are selectively transported across ion-exchange membranes. ED of both conventional or unconventional fashion has been tested to treat several waste or spent aqueous solutions, including effluents from various industrial processes, municipal wastewater or salt water treatment plants, and animal farms. Properties such as selectivity, high separation efficiency, and chemical-free treatment make ED methods adequate for desalination and othe…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi Chimicireverse electrodialysisbrine valorisationBipolar membrane electrodialysis Brine valorisation Electro-membrane process Electrodeionisation Electrodialysis metathesis Electrodialysis reversal Monovalent selective membranes Reverse electrodialysis Selectrodialysis Water reuseFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technologyReview010501 environmental scienceswater reuselcsh:Chemical technologyelectrodialysis metathesis01 natural sciences7. Clean energyDesalination12. Responsible consumptionselectrodialysiselectrodeionisationReversed electrodialysiselectrodialysis reversalChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)lcsh:TP1-1185lcsh:Chemical engineeringEffluentelectro-membrane process0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbipolar membrane electrodialysisElectrodialysis reversalWaste managementProcess Chemistry and Technologymonovalent selective membraneslcsh:TP155-156Electrodialysis021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology6. Clean waterWastewater13. Climate actionEnvironmental scienceSewage treatmentValorisation0210 nano-technologyMembranes

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Soil ionization of earth electrodes under high pulse transient currents

2007

This paper proposes a numerical model of soil ionization phenomena that can occur when earth electrodes are injected by high pulse transient currents. The model is solved by a finite difference time domain numerical scheme. It has been developed from a thorough analysis of the available studies in technical literature about the peculiar physical dynamics of soil ionization phenomena. As already underlined, soil ionization can occur, for example, when the earth electrode has to drain a lightning current into the soil. In this case, the electric field can overcome the electrical strength and conductive plasma paths can locally grow. The dimension of these ionized air channels are strictly dep…

Settore ING-IND/31 - Elettrotecnicaearth electrodes soil ionization

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Safety Concerns on Ground Fault Application Transfer Phenomenon in HV Installations

2007

When a fault to ground occurs in HV/MV substations supplied by a combined overhead-cable line, most of the fault current can be transferred and injected into the soil several kilometers far away from the fault location. This phenomenon is called "fault application transfer" and mostly concerns transition stations, where cables are connected to the overhead line. If the transition station is a dead-end steel pole structure, usually accessible to the general public, the local ground electrode could be inadequate to maintain ground potential rise within safety limits. Hence, dangerous touch and step voltages may appear at exposed locations. In the paper results of various computer simulations …

Settore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaEngineeringTransfer phenomenonbusiness.industryGroundTransfer (computing)Electrical engineeringSafety Substations Fault currents Soil Fault location Cables Steel Electrodes Voltage Computer simulationbusinessFault (power engineering)Overhead lineLine (electrical engineering)Voltage2007 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering

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Results of the research on global earthing systems: A contribution to the problem of their identification

2013

The paper presents a study on the factors that can have influence on the rise of a Global Earthing System. The first part of the work deals with: - the definition of proximity, interconnection and quasi-equipotential; - the influence of the presence of HV/MV stations on the dangerous voltages and on the permissible voltage limits; - the dependence of the hazardous condition for persons on the different kind of fault; - the effects on safety of the coexistence of HV, MV and LV systems. In the second part, starting from the discussion on the themes above-mentioned and on the results of the studies, measurement campaigns and simulations on interconnected earthing systems done in the last fifte…

Settore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaGlobal Earthing Systems Earth Fault Earth Electrodes

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