Search results for " electrodialysis"
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Application of computational fluid dynamics technique in electrodialysis/reverse electrodialysis processes
2022
This Chapter treats the application of CFD technique in ED/RED processes. CFD simulations are able to predict flow and mass transfer in channels filled with spacers or membrane profiles, by providing dimensionless correlations useful for process models. At a larger scale, manifolds of the stack and inlet/ outlet zones of the channel can be simulated. Numerical models can include the computation of the electrical potential, thus characterizing the process performance. Direct numerical simulations can elucidate the complex phenomenology of overlimiting transport and of chaotic electrokinetic flows.
ELECTROCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS DRIVEN BY REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS PROCESSES
2014
Wastewater treatment technology is undergoing a transformation due to more restrictive regulations governing the dischar ge and disposal of hazardous pollutants. Electrochemical based technologies are very promising methods for treating wastewaters containing organic and inorganic pollutants resistant to biological processes or toxic for microorganisms. These methods present numerous advantages including the utilisation of a green reagent such as the electron, very high removal of numerous recalcitrant pollutants, efficient disinfection, high flexibility and no necessity to transport or stock chemical oxidants or reducents. O n the other hand, a wide utilisation of such methods is likely to…
NH4HCO3–water solutions regeneration in RED closed loop applications
2017
Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) in closed loop arrangement (Reverse Electrodialysis Heat Engine - REDHE) is a promising technology to convert low-grade waste heat into electricity. RED is a membrane process exploiting the salinity gradient between a concentrated and a diluted solution to generate electrical current. Due to the transfer phenomena occurring in the RED unit, the two exiting solutions are partially mixed. Thermal regeneration processes can be used to restore the initial conditions of the two solutions, thus closing the loop. In this regard, ammonium hydrogen carbonate (NH4HCO3) salt solutions are suitable for such applications, being able to decompose at temperatures above 40-45 …
REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS FOR POWER PRODUCTION FROM OILFIELD WASTEWATERS
2022
Produced waters (PWs) are wastewaters generated by crude-oil extraction processes. They can present very different characteristics depending on the field location and production process. Dispersed oil, dissolved organics and solid particles are usually the main components. Moreover, PWs can contain a very high quantity of dissolved salts 1, with a total dissolved solid (TDS) concentration up to 300 g/L. Each barrel of extracted oil requires the simultaneous extraction of 3 barrels of produced water2 on average. PWs are often discharged into the sea, or sent in evaporation ponds thus leading to a dramatic environment impact3. Reinjection in the extraction well is currently the most common an…