Search results for " elements"

showing 10 items of 732 documents

proTRAC - a software for probabilistic piRNA cluster detection, visualization and analysis

2012

Abstract Background Throughout the metazoan lineage, typically gonadal expressed Piwi proteins and their guiding piRNAs (~26-32nt in length) form a protective mechanism of RNA interference directed against the propagation of transposable elements (TEs). Most piRNAs are generated from genomic piRNA clusters. Annotation of experimentally obtained piRNAs from small RNA/cDNA-libraries and detection of genomic piRNA clusters are crucial for a thorough understanding of the still enigmatic piRNA pathway, especially in an evolutionary context. Currently, detection of piRNA clusters relies on bioinformatics rather than detection and sequencing of primary piRNA cluster transcripts and the stringency …

Small RNAendocrine systemLineage (evolution)Piwi-interacting RNAGenomicsContext (language use)Computational biologyBiologylcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsBiochemistryMiceStructural BiologyCluster (physics)AnimalsHumansGenomic libraryRNA Small InterferingMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5Gene LibraryGeneticsurogenital systemApplied MathematicsGenomicsComputer Science ApplicationsRatslcsh:Biology (General)DNA Transposable Elementslcsh:R858-859.7RNA InterferenceDNA microarraySoftwareBMC Bioinformatics
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Designed for unanticipated use

2003

Common artefacts have been identified as fundamental characteristics for framing activities in workplaces. Mike Robinson's article 'Design for unanticipated use...' conceptualised and defined the dimensions of common artefacts as consisting of predictability, peripheral awareness, implicit communication, double level language and overview. These dimensions have often been used in explaining unexpected uses of different applications and systems. In this paper, experiences from common artefacts as CSCW application design principles, indicating that unanticipated uses are expected and further supported, are discussed. Two distinct cases, a physical room and a software application, are presente…

SoftwareComputer sciencebusiness.industryHuman–computer interactionImplicit communicationInformation system designRealisationComputer-supported cooperative workDesign elements and principlesPredictabilitybusinessProceedings of the 2003 international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
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Impact of acidic volcanic emissions on ash leaching and on the bioavailability and mobility of trace metals in soils of Mt Etna

2021

We report on original geochemical data, which combine the rainfall trace metal contents from three different areas of Mt. Etna, variably fumigated by the volcanic plume, and those from soils, collected over the whole volcano. Trace element contents in rainfall appear mostly related to acidic ash leaching, while only for the most volatile elements (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Sb, Tl, Se) we suggest a derivation from magmatic degassing. We analyzed separately the labile fraction of soil samples, considered the fraction bioavailable to plants and soil organisms living in. The complexing medium used to extract the bioavailable fraction simulates the growth environment of plant roots.The contents of tra…

Soil testTrace elementGeologySoil carbon010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesSoil pHEnvironmental chemistrySoil waterGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceTrace metalLeaching (metallurgy)Mt. Etna Rainwater Soil Trace elementsVolatiles0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Water and Geodynamics

2006

Hydrogen is the most abundant element (Fig. 1⇓) in the galaxy and our solar system (Lodders 2003). Therefore it is not astonishing that hydrogen is a key player in the geodynamic evolution of planets. Its fate in the early Earth, after condensation of the solar nebula, the accretion of our planet and hydrogen reprocessing through early asteroidal and cometary bombardment (Dauphas et al. 2000) and segregation of a proto-Earth into iron core and silicate mantle is described elsewhere in this volume (Marty and Yokochi 2006). Figure 1. Abundance of elements in the solar system in numbers of atoms per 106 atoms of silicon (Lodders 2003). This chapter concerns itself with the geodynamics of the m…

Solar SystemHydrogenchemistryGeochemistry and PetrologyPlanetchemistry.chemical_elementGeodynamicsFormation and evolution of the Solar SystemEarly EarthGeologyMantle (geology)Abundance of the chemical elementsAstrobiologyReviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry
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Genome-wide adaptive complexes to underground stresses in blind mole rats Spalax

2014

The blind mole rat (BMR), Spalax galili, is an excellent model for studying mammalian adaptation to life underground and medical applications. The BMR spends its entire life underground, protecting itself from predators and climatic fluctuations while challenging it with multiple stressors such as darkness, hypoxia, hypercapnia, energetics and high pathonecity. Here we sequence and analyse the BMR genome and transcriptome, highlighting the possible genomic adaptive responses to the underground stressors. Our results show high rates of RNA/DNA editing, reduced chromosome rearrangements, an over-representation of short interspersed elements (SINEs) probably linked to hypoxia tolerance, degene…

SpalaxGeneral Physics and AstronomyZoologyBiologyGenomeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEvolution MolecularHypercapniaTranscriptome03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStress PhysiologicalMoleAnimalsHypoxiaSpalax galiliShort Interspersed Nucleotide Elements030304 developmental biologyHigh rate0303 health sciencesGenomeMultidisciplinaryGene Expression ProfilingGeneral ChemistryDarknessbiology.organism_classificationAdaptation PhysiologicalEvolutionary biologySpalaxRNA EditingAdaptationTranscriptome030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNature Communications
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Dispersion management in two-photon microscopy by using diffractive optical elements.

2013

We demonstrate efficient generation of wide-field fluorescence signals in two-photon microscopy exploiting diffractive optical elements and short pulses by using a dispersion-compensated beam delivery optics module. Computer-generated holograms are codified onto a phase-only spatial light modulator, which allows for arbitrary single-shot patterning of the sample. Spatiotemporal shaping of the pulse is mandatory to overcome spatial chirp and pulse-front tilt effects that spread both in space and time the irradiance patterns, thus limiting not only the spatial resolution but also the signal-to-noise ratio in two-photon microscopy. By using a multipass amplifier delivering 30 fs, 0.8 mJ pulses…

Spatial light modulatorMaterials scienceOptical Phenomenabusiness.industryLasersHolographyPhysics::OpticsPulse shapingDispersion managementAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionOpticsMicroscopy Fluorescence MultiphotonTwo-photon excitation microscopyDiffractive optical elementslawTwo photon microscopyMicroscopyDispersion (optics)ChirpOptoelectronicsbusinessBeam splitterOptics letters
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Series of Near-IR-Absorbing Transition Metal Complexes with Redox Active Ligands

2020

New soluble and intensely near-IR-absorbing transition metal (Ti, Zr, V, Ni) complexes were synthesized using a redox non-innocent N,N&rsquo

Spectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyElectronsChemistry Techniques SyntheticCrystallography X-RayLigandsArticlelcsh:QD241-441Magneticslcsh:Organic chemistryX-Ray DiffractionCoordination ComplexesNickelTransition Elementsorgaaniset yhdisteetSpectroscopy Near-InfraredMolecular Structureredox-active ligandnon-innocent ligandsElectrochemical Techniquesliganditkompleksiyhdisteetmetal organic complexMetalsElectronicsOxidation-Reduction
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The performance of the cryogenic buffer-gas stopping cell of SHIPTRAP

2018

Direct high-precision mass spectrometry of the heaviest elements with SHIPTRAP, at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany, requires high efficiency to deal with the low production rates of such exotic nuclides. A second-generation gas stopping cell, operating at cryogenic temperatures, was developed and recently integrated into the relocated system to boost the overall efficiency. Offline measurements using 223Ra and 225Ac recoil-ion sources placed inside the gas volume were performed to characterize the gas stopping cell with respect to purity and extraction efficiency. In addition, a first online test using the fusion-evaporation residue 254No was performed, resulting in a combined stopping and extrac…

Speichertechnik - Abteilung BlaumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceDIRECT MASS MEASUREMENTSProtonBuffer gaschemistry.chemical_elementPenning trapsMass spectrometry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesFusion-evaporation reaction productsNuclear physicsIonization0103 physical sciencesCalibrationStopping and extraction efficiencyNuclide010306 general physicsInstrumentationCALIBRATION[PHYS]Physics [physics]nobeliumSPECTROSCOPYMass spectrometry010308 nuclear & particles physicsTransfermium elementsCryogenic gas stopping cellExtraction timeHEAVIEST ELEMENTSchemistryIONIZATIONNobeliumOrder of magnitude
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Towards peptide-based tunable multistate memristive materials

2021

Development of new memristive hardware is a technological requirement towards widespread neuromorphic computing. Molecular spintronics seems to be a fertile field for the design and preparation of this hardware. Within molecular spintronics, recent results on metallopeptides demonstrating the interaction between paramagnetic ions and the chirality induced spin selectivity effect hold particular promise for developing fast (ns–μs) operation times. [R. Torres-Cavanillas et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2020, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07531]. Among the challenges in the field, a major highlight is the difficulty in modelling the spin dynamics in these complex systems, but at the same time the use of inexp…

SpintronicsSpin dynamicsBase SequenceComputer scienceUNESCO::QUÍMICAComplex systemGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyMemristor010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesLanthanoid Series Elements:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionNeuromorphic engineeringlawMetalloproteinsAmino Acid SequenceNeural Networks ComputerPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyPeptides
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Measurement of the single-top-quark production cross section at CDF.

2008

We report a measurement of the single top quark production cross section in 2.2 ~fb-1 of p-pbar collision data collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. Candidate events are classified as signal-like by three parallel analyses which use likelihood, matrix element, and neural network discriminants. These results are combined in order to improve the sensitivity. We observe a signal consistent with the standard model prediction, but inconsistent with the background-only model by 3.7 standard deviations with a median expected sensitivity of 4.9 standard deviations. We measure a cross section of 2.2 +0.7 -0.6(stat+sys) pb, extract the CKM matrix element value |V_{tb}|=0…

StandardsTop quarkParticle physicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomyddc:500.2Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesStandard ModelHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Tellurium compoundsMatrix elementsCross section (physics)Colliding beam acceleratorsStandard deviations0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Sensitivity (control systems)010306 general physicsStandard models14.65.Ha 13.85Qk 12.15Hh 12.15.JiPhysicshep-ex010308 nuclear & particles physicsCabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrixPhysicsStatisticsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyOrder (ring theory)Collider Detector at FermilabCross sections_Parallel analysisProduction (computer science)High Energy Physics::ExperimentCollider Detector at FermilabNeural networksQuark productions
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