Search results for " engineering"
showing 10 items of 38291 documents
Direct Visualization of Molecule Deprotonation on an Insulating Surface
2012
Elucidating molecular-scale details of basic reaction steps on surfaces is decisive for a fundamental understanding of molecular reactivity within many fields, including catalysis and on-surface synthesis. Here, the deprotonation of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) deposited onto calcite (101;4) held at room temperature is followed in situ by noncontact atomic force microscopy. After deposition, the molecules form two coexisting phases, a transient striped phase and a stable dense phase. A detailed analysis of high-resolution noncontact atomic force microscopy images indicates the transient striped phase being a bulk-like phase, which requires hydrogen bonds between the carboxylic acid moie…
Wiener-Granger Causality in Network Physiology with Applications to Cardiovascular Control and Neuroscience
2016
Since the operative definition given by C. W. J. Granger of an idea expressed by N. Wiener, the Wiener–Granger causality (WGC) has been one of the most relevant concepts exploited by modern time series analysis. Indeed, in networks formed by multiple components, working according to the notion of segregation and interacting with each other according to the principle of integration, inferring causality has opened a window on the effective connectivity of the network and has linked experimental evidences to functions and mechanisms. This tutorial reviews predictability improvement, information-based and frequency domain methods for inferring WGC among physiological processes from multivariate…
Theoretical and experimental study of two discrete coupled Nagumo chains
2001
We analyze front wave (kink and antikink) propagation and pattern formation in a system composed of two coupled discrete Nagumo chains using analytical and numerical methods. In the case of homogeneous interaction among the chains, we show the possibility of the effective control on wave propagation. In addition, physical experiments on electrical chains confirm all theoretical behaviors.
Non-target and biological diversity risk assessment
2008
This chapter discusses the following procedures for risk assessment in Bt cotton using the non-target risk assessment model developed by scientists of the GMO ERA Project ("International Project on GMO Environmental Risk Assessment Methodologies", which is a continuation of the GMO Guidelines Project, which was launched by scientists of the International Organization for Biological Control Global Working Group on "Transgenic Organisms in Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control"): (1) identify relevant functional groups of biological diversity associated with adverse effects, (2) list and prioritize species or ecological processes, (3) identify potential exposure pathways and adver…
Explaining Causes Behind SQL Query Formulation Errors
2020
This Full Research Paper presents the most prominent query formulation errors in Structured Query Language (SQL), and maps these errors to their cognitive explanations. Understanding query formulation errors is a key to teaching SQL. more effectively. However, studies on what kind of errors novices struggle with are relatively scarce when compared to, for example, programming languages. Although committing errors is a crucial part in learning, some errors are relatively easy to fix, and their commonness is not necessarily an indication of their difficulty. Other errors, however, halt the learning process, and are never fixed by the query writer. Using a previously established error taxonomy…
Numerical construction of the density-potential mapping
2018
We demonstrate how a recently developed method Nielsen et al. [Nielsen et al., EPL 101, 33001 (2013)] allows for a comprehensive investigation of time-dependent density functionals in general, and of the exact time-dependent exchange-correlation potential in particular, by presenting the first exact results for two- and three-dimensional multi-electron systems. This method is an explicit realization of the Runge–Gross correspondence, which maps time-dependent densities to their respective potentials, and allows for the exact construction of desired density functionals. We present in detail the numerical requirements that makes this method efficient, stable and precise even for large and rap…
An introductive course to some numerical approximation methods for ordinary and partial differential equations
2021
These lectures notes were written for students of the first year of the international Master ‘Maths for Physics’ at the University of Burgundy in 2021, as a part of the course called ‘Numerical Methods’. It was designed for a total of 22 hours of classes. The main objective of this course is to provide a first insight into numerical methods to solve mathematical problems inspired from physics and engineering. It focuses both on the mathematical fundations and justifications of numerical methods and on practical aspects related to their implementation.
How do online communities matter? Comparison between active and non-active participants in an online behavioral weight loss program
2016
This paper contributes to the discussion on the potential of different social media platforms in health behavior change programs. More specifically, it compares the outcomes of participation in different online community platforms in an online behavioral weight loss program. Results show that active participants on online community platforms perceive their service experience more positively, follow instructions more precisely, have a more positive perception of achieving their goals, and also feel that they receive more social support than do those who do not actively participate in online community channels, although no differences were found related to weight loss itself. Furthermore, int…
Impact of intermittent energy restriction on anthropometric outcomes and intermediate disease markers in patients with overweight and obesity: system…
2020
This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of intermittent energy restriction (IER) on anthropometric outcomes and intermediate disease markers. A systematic literature search was conducted in three electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if the intervention lasted ≥12 weeks and IER was compared with either continuous energy restriction (CER) or a usual diet. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for eight outcomes. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Seventeen RCTs with 1328 participants were included. IER in comparison to a usual diet may reduce body weight (mean difference [MD]: −4.83 kg, 95%-CI: −5.46, −4.21; n = 6 RCTs), wais…
Convergence Analysis of Extended Kalman Filter for Sensorless Control of Induction Motor
2015
This paper deals with convergence analysis of the extended Kalman filters (EKFs) for sensorless motion control systems with induction motor (IM). An EKF is tuned according to a six-order discrete-time model of the IM, affected by system and measurement noises, obtained by applying a first-order Euler discretization to a six-order continuous-time model. Some properties of the discrete-time model have been explored. Among these properties, the observability property is relevant, which leads to conditions that can be directly linked with the working conditions of the machine. Starting from these properties, the convergence of the stochastic state estimation process, in mean square sense, has b…