Search results for " environment"
showing 10 items of 19900 documents
Effect of temperature on anaerobic treatment of black water in UASB-septic tank systems
2007
The effect of northern European seasonal temperature changes and low temperature on the performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)-septic tanks treating black water was studied. Three UASB-septic tanks were monitored with different operational parameters and at different temperatures. The results indicated the feasibility of the UASB-septic tank for (pre)treatment of black water at low temperatures with respect to removal of suspended solids and dissolved organic material. Inoculum sludge had little effect on COD(ss) removal, though in the start-up phase some poorly adapted inoculum disintegrated and washed out, thus requiring consideration when designing the process. Removal of …
Particle balance and return loops for microplastics in a tertiary-level wastewater treatment plant.
2021
Highlights: Dewatering by centrifugation was a step that removed a high number of MPs from the sludge. Sludge retained especially the fibrous microplactics. Reject water transported microplastics inside a wastewater treatment plant. Disc filter-based tertiary treatment ensured removal of 99% of microplastics in wastewater. Microplastics (MPs) from households, stormwater, and various industries are transported to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where a high proportion of them are captured before discharging their residuals to watersheds. Although recent studies have indicated that the removed MPs are mainly retained in wastewater sludge, sludge treatment processes have gained less atten…
Alternative analysis of transient infiltration experiment to estimate soil water repellency
2019
The repellency index (RI) defined as the adjusted ratio between soil‐ethanol, Se, and soil‐water, Sw, sorptivities estimated from minidisk infiltrometer experiments has been used instead of the widely used water drop penetration time and molarity of ethanol drop tests to assess soil water repellency. However, sorptivity calculated by the usual early‐time infiltration equation may be overestimated as the effects of gravity and lateral capillary are neglected. With the aim to establish the best applicative procedure to assess RI, different approaches to estimate Se and Sw were compared that make use of both the early‐time infiltration equation (namely, the 1 min, S1, and the short‐time linear…
Krimināllikuma 102. panta piemērošana ūdens piesārņojuma novēršanai: praktiskās problēmas
2015
Krimināllikuma 102.pants paredz kriminālatbildību par noziedzīgiem nodarījumiem pret dabas vidi, taču praksē nākas saskarties ar problēmām noziedzīga nodarījuma sastāva kvalifikācijā. Vainīgās personas netiek sauktas pie kriminālatbildības, kā arī nav iespējams pierādīt personas vainu izdarītajā nodarījumā. Darbā tiek izstrādāti priekšlikumi likumdošanas pilnveidei ar mērķi izstrādāt vienotus kritērijus pēc kuriem būtu iespējams noteikt un paredzēt kaitīgo seku iestāšanos saistībā ar ūdens piesārņojumu, novēršot gadījumus, kad vainīgās personas netiek sauktas pie kriminālatbildības, jo nav iespējams konstatēt noziedzīga nodarījuma sastāvu. Atslēgvārdi: Krimināllikuma 102.pants; noziedzīgi n…
Levels and Potential Health Hazards of Chlorinated Pesticidesin Surface Water Samples of Charsadda Area of Pakistan Using SPME-GC-ECD Technique
2021
In the present study, we determined the levels of chlorinated pesticide residues in surface water samples collected from the Charsadda district (KPK, Pakistan). SPME-GC-ECD with COMBI PAL CTC autosampler was used for extraction and analysis of 20 organochlorine pesticides in the collected water samples. For maximum efficiency of the SPME procedure, several parameters were studied, including the extraction and desorption time of the fiber, solution pH, agitation of samples, and stirring speed, etc. This method showed good liner response, with R2 values in the range of 0.9887 to 0.9999 for all pesticides. This method also provided good percent recoveries at 1 µg L−1 (87.5 to 106.0%) and at 2 …
SEAty_ living beyond the waterfront dynamics outcomes and risk of a new trend
2011
The growing number of projcts for floating structures or artificial islands in response to the problems of urhan congestion or environmental emergency requires a critical reflection on the prospectives and the risks implied in this new trend of urban water colonization. This paper intends to test the hypothesis thaht the value of a new and emerging issue of Architecrure can be recognized to this trend and, trhrough a comparison with a series of experiences, wants to bring to the attention of the debate a number of questions which, for exigency of synthesis, analyze in particular the morpholinguistic issues re1ated to the diffusion of this new architecture theme.
Atmospheric circulation modulates the spatial variability of temperature in the Atlantic-Arctic region
2019
International audience; The Arctic region has experienced significant warming during the past two decades with major implications on the cryosphere. The causes of Arctic amplification are still an open question within the scientific community, attracting recent interest. The goal of this study is to quantify the contribution of atmospheric circulation on temperature variability in the Atlantic–Arctic region at decadal to intra‐annual timescales from 1951 to 2014. Daily 20th Century reanalyses geopotential height anomalies at 500 hPa were clustered into different weather regimes to assess their contribution to observed temperature variability. The results show that in winter, 25% of the warm…
A Comparative Eye Tracking Study of Usability—Towards Sustainable Web Design
2021
Websites are one of the most frequently used communication environments, and creating sustainable web designs should be an objective for all companies. Ensuring high usability is proving to be one of the main contributors to sustainable web design, reducing usage time, eliminating frustration and increasing satisfaction and retention. The present paper studies the usability of different website landing pages, seeking to identify the elements, structures and designs that increase usability. The study analyzed the behavior of 22 participants during their interaction with five different landing pages while they performed three tasks on the webpage and freely viewed each page for one minute. Th…
Built Environment and Wellbeing—Standards, Multi-Criteria Evaluation Methods, Certifications
2022
The debate on IEQ (Indoor Environmental Quality), with a focus on the healthiness of the built environment and its possible influence on the natural environment, has been a relevant topic for a decade. This interest has expanded to the quality of building technologies, specifically their performances and environmental effects. The objectives set by the 2030 Agenda have led to overcome the idea that sustainability is only related to environment; instead, a holistic vision aimed at human health has been affirmed (objective 3). The period marked by the Covid19 emergency contributed to strengthen the need for human well-being, as the “quarantine” made us observe our living spaces, r…
The influence of ENSO on South Africa winter rainfall
2011
International audience; We analysed the relationship between El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and South Africa austral winter rainfall using a 682 raingauges daily rainfall database documenting the period 1950-1999. The May, June and July (MJJ) seasonal rainfall amount shows a positive correlation with the Niño3.4 index that becomes significant since the mid 70's. Wet spells properties (length, frequency and intensity) at the raingauge scale indicate that high (low) MJJ seasonal rainfall amounts recorded during El Niño (La Niña) events are the result of longer (shorter) wet spells in the Cape Town area and more (less) frequent wet spells north of 33°S. Wet spells with daily rainfall amou…