Search results for " enzymes"
showing 10 items of 240 documents
Odorant Metabolism Analysis by an Automated Ex Vivo Headspace Gas-Chromatography Method
2015
International audience; In the olfactory epithelium (OE), odorant metabolizing enzymes have the dual function of volatile component detoxification and active clearance of odorants from the perireceptor environment to respectively maintain the integrity of the tissues and the sensitivity of the detection. Although emphasized by recent studies, this enzymatic mechanism is poorly documented in mammals. Thus, olfactory metabolism has been characterized mainly in vitro and for a limited number of odorants. The automated ex vivo headspace gas-chromatography method that was developed here was validated to account for odorant olfactory metabolism. This method easily permits the measurement of the f…
Pulsed electric field and mild heating for milk processing: a review on recent advances.
2019
Pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment consists of exposing food to electrical fields between electrodes within a treatment chamber, which can improve the preservation of fresh-like products such as milk. Although several studies support the use of PEF technology to process milk at low temperature, these studies reported microbial reductions of around 3 log10 cycles and also indicated a limited impact of PEF on some endogenous and microbial enzymes. This scenario indicates that increasing the impact of PEF on both enzymes and microorganisms remains a major challenge for this technology in milk processing. More recently, combining PEF with mild heating (below pasteurization condition) has bee…
A New Bloody Pulp Selection of Myrobalan (Prunus cerasifera L.): Pomological Traits, Chemical Composition, and Nutraceutical Properties
2023
A new accession of myrobalan (Prunus cerasifera L.) from Sicily (Italy) was studied for the first time for its chemical and nutraceutical properties. A description of the main morphological and pomological traits was created as a tool for characterization for consumers. For this purpose, three different extracts of fresh myrobalan fruits were subjected to different analyses, including the evaluation of total phenol (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), and anthocyanin (TAC) contents. The extracts exhibited a TPC in the range 34.52–97.63 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g fresh weight (FW), a TFC of 0.23–0.96 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/100 g FW, and a TAC of 20.24–55.33 cyanidine-3-…
Lysosomal cathepsins B and L and Stefin A blood levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and/or liver cirrhosis: potential clinical implicati…
1997
The serum levels of lysosomal cathepsin B and L and Stefin A, an intracellular inhibitor of these proteolytic enzymes, were determined in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and/or liver cirrhosis (LC) and correlated with some clinical and biochemical parameters of these diseases. Cathepsin B serum levels were increased in HCC and in LC patients as compared to normal subjects (p < 0.001). However no difference was observed between HCC and LC groups. Interestingly, a significant relationship was evidenced between cathepsin B serum content and the grade of severity of cirrhosis (r = 0.41; p < 0.001). Cathepsin L was significantly elevated only in sera of cancer patients as comp…
Occupational exposure to metal-rich particulate matter modifies the expression of repair genes in foundry workers
2021
Foundry workers are exposed to numerous occupational health hazards, which may result in increased risk of cancer, respiratory disease, and other diseases. Oxidative stress is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of such diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the association between multiple occupational exposures in foundry workers and expression of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair genes as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. The study sample comprised 17 foundry workers and 27 matched control subjects. Expression of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (OGG1), inosine triphosphate pyrophosphate (ITPA), and MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) in peripheral blood was examined using the real-t…
Serum and fecal pancreatic enzymes in beta-thalassemia major
1997
This study, using indirect tests, demonstrated that exocrine pancreatic function is impaired in a proportion of patients with beta-thalassemia major (TM), though this impairment is generally mild or moderate.Impaired structure and function of the exocrine pancreas has been reported in patients with Beta-thalassemia major.In this study we measured fecal fats and serum and fecal pancreatic enzymes in 30 patients (13 M, 17 F) with TM, mean age 22.1 yr (range 14-39) and compared them with those of a matched group of healthy controls. Results were correlated with age, serum ferritin, blood transfusion, and various nutritional parameters. Enzymes assays included: serum pancreatic amylase (PA), li…
Chemoradiotherapy of Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma With Intensified Temozolomide
2009
Purpose To evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) administered in an intensified 1-week on/1-week off schedule plus indomethacin in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Patients and Methods A total of 41 adult patients (median Karnofsky performance status, 90%; median age, 56 years) were treated with preirradiation TMZ at 150 mg/m 2 (1 week on/1 week off), involved-field radiotherapy combined with concomitant low-dose TMZ (50 mg/m 2 ), maintenance TMZ starting at 150 mg/m 2 using a 1-week on/1-week off schedule, plus maintenance indomethacin (25 mg twice daily). Results The median follow-up interval was 21.7 months. Grade 4 hematologic toxicit…
Oxidative stress and antioxidant response in fibroblasts from Werner and Atypical Werner Syndromes
2014
Werner Syndrome (WS, ICD-10 E34.8, ORPHA902) and Atypical Werner Syndrome (AWS, ICD-10 E34.8, ORPHA79474) are very rare inherited syndromes characterized by premature aging. While approximately 90% of WS individuals have any of a range of mutations in theWRN gene, there exists a clinical subgroup in which the mutation occurs in the LMNA/C gene in heterozygosity. Although both syndromes exhibit an age-related pleiotropic phenotype, AWS manifests the onset of the disease during childhood, while major symptoms in WS appear between the ages of 20 and 30. To study the molecular mechanisms of progeroid diseases provides a useful insight into the normal aging process. Main changes found were the d…
NOA-05 phase 2 trial of procarbazine and lomustine therapy in gliomatosis cerebri.
2011
The NOA-05 multicenter trial was performed to analyze the efficacy of primary chemotherapy with procarbazine and lomustine (PC) in patients with gliomatosis cerebri (GC) and to define clinical, imaging, and molecular factors influencing outcome.Thirty-five patients with previously untreated GC were treated with up to six 56-day courses of 110mg/m(2) lomustine on day 1 and 60mg/m(2) procarbazine on days 8 to 21. The primary endpoint was the rate of patients without therapy failure (defined as progressive disease, death from any cause, or termination of PC therapy before the end of course 4) at 8 months after the beginning of PC chemotherapy.The failure-free survival rate at 8 months was 50.3…
Activity and safety of temozolomide in advanced adrenocortical carcinoma patients
2019
Objective Temozolomide has shown a significant anti-proliferative activity on adrenocortical cancer (ACC) cells in vitro. Design On the basis of these results the drug was prescribed as second/third line in advanced metastatic ACC patients in four referral centers in Italy. Methods We retrospectively collected anagraphic, clinical and pathological data of patients with advanced ACC with disease progression to standard chemotherapy plus mitotane who were treated with temozolomide at the dose of 200 mg/m2/die given for 5 consecutive days every 28 days. The primary endpoint was the disease control rate, defined as objective response or disease stabilization after 3 months. Secondary endpoints…