Search results for " esophagus"
showing 10 items of 63 documents
The Italian validation of the Montreal Global definition and classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease
2009
Recently, a Global definition and a classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) were developed by Montreal Consensus Group, composed of international expert gastroenterologists. Guidelines and consensus documents are, however, infrequently accepted and adopted at a local level. The aim of this study was to measure the acceptance of Montreal Global definition of GERD consensus document by specialists in a single country (Italy) and to measure the linguistic, scientific, and practical differences between the international consensus document and the Italian version.A 2-day meeting was held in June 2007 in Rome, Italy, attended by 147 Italian physicians who were experts in gastroen…
Confocal laser endomicroscopy for gastrointestinal diseases.
2008
Confocal laser endomicroscopy enables in vivo microscopy of the mucosal layer of the gastrointestinal tract with subcellular resolution during ongoing endoscopy. Endomicroscopy opens the door to immediate tissue and vessel analysis. Different types of diseases can be diagnosed with optical surface and subsurface analysis. Analysis of the in vivo microarchitecture can be used for targeting biopsies to relevant areas, and subsurface imaging can unmask microscopic diseases or bacterial infection. Molecular imaging is becoming feasible, which will enable new indications in gastrointestinal endoscopy. This article reviews the current and rapidly expanding clinical data on endomicroscopy and give…
Confocal laser endomicroscopy: technical status and current indications.
2006
Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a newly introduced endoscopic tool that makes it possible to carry out confocal microscopic examination of the mucosal layer during ongoing endoscopy. Different types of tissue and diseases can be diagnosed immediately, facilitating early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancer. Analysis of the in vivo microarchitecture is helpful in targeting biopsies to relevant areas. In addition, subsurface imaging can unmask microscopic diseases - (microscopic colitis) or bacterial infection ( HELICOBACTER PYLORI), for example. Molecular imaging is becoming feasible, and this will shortly open the door to new indications in gastrointestinal endoscopy (e.g., in vivo recepto…
1136 In Vivo Endoscope-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (eCLE) Improves Detection of Unlocalized Barrett's Esophagus-Related Neoplasia Over High R…
2012
The diagnosis and management of gastric cancer: Expert discussion and recommendations from the 12th ESMO/World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer, B…
2011
Well-recognized experts in the field of gastric cancer discussed during the 12th European Society Medical Oncology (ESMO)/World Congress Gastrointestinal Cancer (WCGIC) in Barcelona many important and controversial topics on the diagnosis and management of patients with gastric cancer. This article summarizes the recommendations and expert opinion on gastric cancer. It discusses and reflects on the regional differences in the incidence and care of gastric cancer, the definition of gastro-esophageal junction and its implication for treatment strategies and presents the latest recommendations in the staging and treatment of primary and metastatic gastric cancer. Recognition is given to the ne…
The molecular changes driving the carcinogenesis in Barrett's esophagus: which came first, the chicken or the egg?
2013
Esophageal adenocarcinoma originates from columnar metaplastic epithelium of the distal esophagus. Various steps for this carcinogenetic process are known. Before the onset of high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma, endoscopic surveillance is possible. However, because of the high cost of long-term surveillance, predictive factors for cancer are being evaluated to identify subjects with metaplasia who have a higher risk of developing malignancy. Molecular changes seem suitable for this purpose, but could require a high resource expenditure. While trying to identify the best predictive factors for cancer risk, molecular changes and differences in miRNA expression profile between the various…
CD1a and antitumour immune response
2004
Primary immune response is based on the capacity of local professional antigen-presenting cells (whose prototype is represented by dendritic cells, DCs) to take up and present antigens to selected clones of T cells, but also to non-specific effector cells such as macrophages or natural killer cells. The four CD1 proteins, all of which share a limited homology to class I MHC proteins, are differently expressed in various cell types, of both mesenchymal and, as recently described, epithelial lineage. Regarding the role of CD1 molecules in the anti-tumour response, it has been reported that CD1+ dendritic cells are involved in the first steps of the primary immune response in a number of malig…
Acetic acid compared with i-scan imaging for detecting Barrett's esophagus: a randomized, comparative trial.
2013
Background Traditional surveillance in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) has relied on random biopsies. Targeted biopsies that use advanced imaging modalities may significantly improve detection of specialized columnar epithelium (SCE). Objective We compared the efficacy of targeted biopsies that used i -scan or acetic acid to random biopsies in the detection of SCE. Design Patients with visible columnar lined epithelium or known BE were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to undergo acetic acid application or i -scan with targeted biopsies. Setting Targeted biopsies were performed based on surface architecture according to the Guelrud classification followed by 4-quadrant biopsies. Patients A t…
Keratin 7 expression as an early marker of reflux-related columnar mucosa without intestinal metaplasia in the esophagus
2009
BACKGROUND: The role of Barrett esophagus in carcinogenesis is widely accepted, but the significance of esophageal columnar mucosa without histological intestinal metaplasia, known as columnar-lined esophagus, is debated. MATERIAL/METHODS: We studied 128 patients free of Helicobacter pylori with reflux-related symptoms and columnar mucosa in the esophagus at endoscopy, 106 patients with Barrett esophagus (referred to as the Barrett group) and 22 patients without intestinal metaplasia (columnar group). Samples from 20 subjects free of H. pylori were used as controls. Immunostaining for keratin 7 (KRT7), keratin 20 (KRT20), caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2), mucin 2, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming …