Search results for " evaluation."
showing 10 items of 1351 documents
Effects of clozapine metabolites and chronic clozapine treatment on rat brain GABAA receptors
1996
Abstract Similarly to clozapine, a clozapine metabolite, N -desmethylclozapine, but not clozapine N -oxide, antagonized brain γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA A ) receptors at high micromolar concentrations. However, daily subcutaneous injections of clozapine (10 and 25 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg) for 14 days failed to alter the modulation by GABA of rat cerebrocortical and cerebellar benzodiazepine ([ 3 H]flunitrazepam) or convulsant ( t -[ 35 S]bicyclophosphorothionate) binding sites of the GABA A receptor. The results thus suggest that the GABA A receptor antagonism exerted by chronic in vivo clozapine treatment is weak as compared to this treatment's actions on certain monoamine …
Effect of Obesity and Being Overweight on Disability and Pain After Lumbar Fusion: An Analysis of 805 Patients.
2016
STUDY DESIGN Prospective follow-up study. OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of obesity and being overweight on disability and pain of patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Although spinal fusion surgery has been shown to relieve symptoms in several spinal disorders, the influence of obesity on the results remains controversial. METHODS Since January 1, 2008, all patients undergoing lumbar fusion in two hospitals have been invited to participate in a prospective follow-up database. At the end of 2014, the preoperative and 1-year follow-up data of 805 patients were available. Disability was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index and back and leg pain…
Free school meals as an approach to reduce health inequalities among 10-12- year-old Norwegian children.
2019
Abstract Background Children spend a considerable amount of time at school and consume at least one meal/day. This study aimed to investigate if a free, healthy school meal every day for one school year was associated with children’s intake of healthy foods at school, weight status and moderating effects of socio-economic status. Methods A non-randomized study design with an intervention and a control group was used to measure change in children’s dietary habits at lunchtime. In total, 164 children participated; 55 in the intervention group and 109 in the control group (baseline). Intervention-children were served a free, healthy school meal every school day for one year. Participating chil…
Muscle strength and muscle endurance of middle-aged women and men associated to type, duration and intensity of muscular load at work
1988
Muscle strength and muscle endurance in groups with different occupational muscular load was studied among 60 women and 69 men. The mean age of the subjects was 52.0 +/- 3.4 years. Isometric grip and trunk strength were measured on dynamometers, and dynamic muscle endurance by sit-ups. A job analysis was done with the AET method including the assessment of intensity, duration and type of muscular work of each subject. According to the job analysis, the subjects were classified into groups with low or high muscular load at work. The maximal isometric hand grip strength of women with a load classified as long duration of static or dynamic load on the hands at work was 86 and 88%, respectively…
Associations of sensory-motor functions with poor mobility in 75- and 80-year-old people
1998
This study investigated the associations of sensory-motor functions with mobility in elderly people. All 75- and 80-year-old residents of the city of Jyväskylä, Finland, were invited to take part in the study. A total of 617 (93 % ) persons were interviewed, and 500 (75%) took part in laboratory examinations. Self-reported mobility was recorded during the interview. Basic mobility functions (maximal walking speed and stairmounting ability) and sensory-motor functions (maximal isometric muscle strength, standing balance, reaction time and visual acuity) were measured in the laboratory. Multivariate analyses showed that poor sensory-motor functions were significantly associated with poor perf…
Enhanced serum levels of soluble HLA class I molecules are induced by treatment with recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)
1991
SUMMARY In order to investigate serum levels of soluble HLA class I antigens after single injection of various doses of recombinant IFN-γ (rIFN-γ) and to correlate the changes observed to beta-2-microglobulin serum levels, we studied five patients with metastasizing renal cell carcinoma. Each patient received three treatment cycles of 10, 100 and 500 μg rIFN-γ three times at weekly intervals. The treatment cycles were separated by a therapy-free interval of 2 weeks. The order of dose levels was randomly assigned to each patient. Serum levels of soluble HLA class I proteins were measured by an ELISA in samples drawn immediately before and 4, 24, 48, 72 and 168 h after each administration of …
The effects of physical training without equipment on pain perception and balance in the elderly: A randomized controlled trial
2017
BACKGROUND: Research supports a link between exercise and falls prevention in the older population. OBJECTIVES: Our aims were to evaluate pain perception and balance skills in a group of elderly subjects and to examine the consequences of a standardized equipment-free exercise program intervention on these variables. The study utilized a randomized controlled trial method. METHODS: 92 subjects were recruited from a rural Sicilian village (Resuttano, Sicily, Italy). Subjects were randomly split into two groups, an experimental group (EG; n = 49) and a control group (CG; n = 43). Qualified fitness instructors delivered the standardized physical exercise program for the EG whilst the CG did no…
Do Associations Between Perceived Environmental and Individual Characteristics and Walking Limitations Depend on Lower Extremity Performance Level?
2017
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze whether the associations between perceived environmental and individual characteristics and perceived walking limitations in older people differ between those with intact and those with poorer lower extremity performance. Method: Persons aged 75 to 90 ( N = 834) participated in interviews and performance tests in their homes. Standard questionnaires were used to obtain walking difficulties; environmental barriers to and, facilitators of, mobility; and perceived individual hindrances to outdoor mobility. Lower extremity performance was tested using Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Results: Among those with poorer lower extremity perf…
The efficacy of BCG TICE and BCG Connaught in a cohort of 2,099 patients with T1G3 non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer
2016
BACKGROUND Potential differences in efficacy of different bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) strains are of importance for daily practice, especially in the era of BCG shortage. OBJECTIVE To retrospectively compare the outcome with BCG Connaught and BCG TICE in a large study cohort of pT1 high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Individual patient data were collected for 2,451 patients with primary T1G3 tumors from 23 centers who were treated with BCG for the first time between 1990 and 2011. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Using Cox multivariable regression and adjusting for the most important prognostic factors in this nonrandomiz…
Linking Microstructural Integrity and Motor Cortex Excitability in Multiple Sclerosis
2021
Motor skills are frequently impaired in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients following grey and white matter damage with cortical excitability abnormalities. We applied advanced diffusion imaging with 3T magnetic resonance tomography for neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), as well as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in 50 MS patients and 49 age-matched healthy controls to quantify microstructural integrity of the motor system. To assess excitability, we determined resting motor thresholds using non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation. As measures of cognitive-motor performance, we conducted neuropsychological assessments including the Nine-Hole Peg Test, Trail Makin…