Search results for " expression"
showing 10 items of 4731 documents
From structural biochemistry to expression profiling: Neuroprotective activities of estrogen
2005
Abstract Estrogens are neuromodulatory and neuroprotective hormones. Chemically, estrogens are steroid compounds and unfold most of their activities through the activation of nuclear receptors that bind to specific target genes and control their transcription. Two subtypes of estrogen receptors are known (estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β) and they are expressed throughout the body including the CNS and in particular the brain. We employed large scale DNA-chip-analysis to display the gene expression pattern differentially regulated by both estrogen receptor subtypes in human neuronal cells. We identified different gene families regulated by estrogen receptors that complement the k…
Inducibility of the avidin gene by progesterone is suppressed during estrogen-induced cytodifferentiation.
1992
Abstract We have studied epithelial differentiation of the chick oviduct as induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 17β-estradiol (E 2 ). The proportion of goblet cells in the oviduct was slightly higher after E 2 than after DES treatment. Also avidin induction by progesterone was stronger following DES than E 2 priming. In the estrogen pretreated oviduct epithelium, avidin expression was induced by progesterone in the surface epithelial cells, protodifferentiated gland cells and tubular gland cells, but not in goblet cells. During prolonged estrogen treatment, however, the inducibility of avidin by progesterone ceased in tubular gland cells but not in surface epithelial cells. The estrogen…
Constitutive androstane receptor activation stimulates faecal bile acid excretion and reverse cholesterol transport in mice.
2010
The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a nuclear receptor expressed in the liver and involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess whether pharmacological CAR activation could affect neutral sterol and bile acid elimination under conditions of cholesterol overload.Wild type, Car-/-, ApoE-/-, and low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-/- mice fed a western-type diet were treated with the CAR agonist TCPOBOP.CAR activation was associated with a decrease in faecal cholesterol output related to the repression of the Abcg5/g8 cholesterol transporters. In contrast, TCPOBOP treatment induced a marked increase (up to three fold, p0.01) in the elimination of faecal b…
Effect of Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor on Interleukin-6 Synthesis in Human Skin Fibroblasts
1996
Abstract In this study the ability of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) to stimulate interleukin-6 (IL-6) synthesis in human fibroblasts is described. It was found that sIL-6R, in combination with endogenous or exogenous IL-6, markedly upregulated IL-6 synthesis. These data suggest that increased IL-6 production after stimulation by either interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor-α would result in complex formation with sIL-6R, rapid uptake, and further synthesis of this cytokine. Furthermore, it would explain the decrease in sIL-6R plasma levels observed in patients suffering from sepsis.
Emotional tone, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes of a sample of Italian Tweets during the first phases of the COVID-19 pandemic : obs…
2021
Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic individual and collective chronic experience, with tremendous consequences on mental and psychological health that can also be reflected in people’s use of words. Psycholinguistic analysis of tweets from Twitter allows obtaining information about people’s emotional expression, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes, which are particularly important in traumatic events contexts. Objective We aimed to analyze the influence of official Italian COVID-19 daily data (new cases, deaths, and hospital discharges) and the phase of managing the pandemic on how people expressed emotions and their analytical thinking and somatosensory processes …
Hormone Replacement Therapy Associated White Blood Cell DNA Methylation and Gene Expression are Associated With Within-Pair Differences of Body Adipo…
2015
The loss of estrogen during menopause causes changes in the female body, with wide-ranging effects on health. Estrogen-containing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) leads to a relief of typical menopausal symptoms, benefits bone and muscle health, and is associated with tissue-specific gene expression profiles. As gene expression is controlled by epigenetic factors (including DNA methylation), many of which are environmentally sensitive, it is plausible that at least part of the HRT-associated gene expression is due to changes in DNA methylation profile. We investigated genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression patterns of white blood cells (WBCs) and their associations with body compo…
Event-related potentials to unattended changes in facial expressions: detection of regularity violations or encoding of emotions?
2013
Visual mismatch negativity (vMMN), a component in event-related potentials (ERPs), can be elicited when rarely presented “deviant” facial expressions violate regularity formed by repeated “standard” faces. vMMN is observed as differential ERPs elicited between the deviant and standard faces. It is not clear, however, whether differential ERPs to rare emotional faces interspersed with repeated neutral ones reflect true vMMN (i.e., detection of regularity violation) or merely encoding of the emotional content in the faces. Furthermore, a face-sensitive N170 response, which reflects structural encoding of facial features, can be modulated by emotional expressions. Owing to its similar latency …
Gene expression centroids that link with low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity and complex disease risk
2010
A strong link exists between low aerobic exercise capacity and complex metabolic diseases. To probe this linkage, we utilized rat models of low and high intrinsic aerobic endurance running capacity that differ also in the risk for metabolic syndrome. We investigated in skeletal muscle gene-phenotype relationships that connect aerobic endurance capacity with metabolic disease risk factors. The study compared 12 high capacity runners (HCRs) and 12 low capacity runners (LCRs) from generation 18 of selection that differed by 615% for maximal treadmill endurance running capacity. On average, LCRs were heavier and had increased blood glucose, insulin, and triglycerides compared with HCRs. HCRs we…
Clinical implications ofCYP3Apolymorphisms
2006
Due to their enormous substrate spectrum CYP3A4, -3A5 and -3A7 constitute the most important drug-metabolising enzyme subfamily in humans. CYP3As are expressed predominantly, but not exclusively, in the liver and intestine, where they participate in the metabolism of 45 - 60% of currently used drugs and many other compounds such as steroids and carcinogens. CYP3A expression and activity vary interindividually due to a combination of genetic and nongenetic factors such as hormone and health status, and the impact of environmental stimuli. Over the past several years, genetic determinants have been identified for much of the variable expression of CYP3A5 and -3A7, but not for CYP3A4. Using th…
Novel Combination of Sorafenib and Celecoxib Provides Synergistic Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Liver Cancer Cells
2013
Molecular targeted therapy has shown promise as a treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, recently received FDA approval for the treatment of advanced HCC. However, although sorafenib is well tolerated, concern for its safety has been expressed. Celecoxib (Celebrex®) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor which exhibits antitumor effects in human HCC cells. The present study examined the interaction between celecoxib and sorafenib in two human liver tumor cell lines HepG2 and Huh7. Our data showed that each inhibitor alone reduced cell growth and the combination of celecoxib with sorafenib synergistically inhibited cell growth an…