Search results for " fatty acid"
showing 10 items of 498 documents
Increased erythrocytes n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids is significantly associated with a lower prevalence of steatosis in patients with type…
2011
Summary Background & aims Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is commonly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Although dietary fat contributes substantially to the accumulation of liver fat, the role of individual fatty acids in this accumulation is unclear. Objective In this study, we set out to determine whether liver fat content (LFC), was associated with red blood cell fatty acid (RBC-FA) composition in people with type 2 diabetes. Design, settings, and participants One hundred and sixty-two type 2 diabetic patients were included in this study. LFC was measured using 1H-MR Spectroscopy. RBC-FA composition was measured by gas chromatography. Results One…
Omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels are reduced in whole blood of Italian patients with a recent myocardial infarction: the AGE-IM …
2014
Abstract Objective The relationship between whole blood fatty acids and myocardial infarction (MI) risk has not been analyzed in detail, especially in Mediterranean countries. The AGE-IM (Acidi Grassi Essenziali e Infarto Miocardico) study was planned to examine the relationships between MI, whole blood fatty acids and the diet in an Italian cohort. Methods 119 Patients with a recent MI and 103 control subjects were enrolled in the study. The whole blood fatty acid composition was determined; information on anthropometrics, biochemical parameters and blood pressure values were also obtained. Diet composition was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire from 86 cases and 72 co…
Hepatic steatosis is not due to impaired fatty acid oxidation capacities in C57BL/6J mice fed the conjugated trans-10,cis-12-isomer of linoleic acid.
2004
Decreased body fat mass and liver steatosis have been reported in mice fed diets containing the conjugated linoleic acid trans-10,cis-12-C18:2 (CLA2), but not in those fed diets containing cis-9,trans-11-C18:2 (CLA1). Because the decrease in fatty acid (FA) oxidation may cause fat accumulation, we questioned whether the effects of both CLAs on enzyme activities and mRNA expression were related to liver FA oxidation. To address this question, 7-wk-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed for 4 wk a diet supplemented with 1% CLA1, CLA2, or cis-9-C18:1 (control) esterified as triacylglycerols. In CLA2-fed mice, the proportions of CLA2 in the total FA of liver lipids were substantially lower than those …
Prevalence and Determinants of the Use of Lipid-Lowering Agents in a Population of Older Hospitalized Patients: the Findings from the REPOSI (REgistr…
2017
BACKGROUND: Older patients are prone to multimorbidity and polypharmacy, with an inherent risk of adverse events and drug interactions. To the best of our knowledge, available information on the appropriateness of lipid-lowering treatment is extremely limited. AIM: The aim of the present study was to quantify and characterize lipid-lowering drug use in a population of complex in-hospital older patients. METHODS: We analyzed data from 87 units of internal medicine or geriatric medicine in the REPOSI (Registro Politerapie della Società Italiana di Medicina Interna) study, with reference to the 2010 and 2012 patient cohorts. Lipid-lowering drug use was closely correlated with the clinical prof…
N-3 fatty acids modulate Th1 and Th2 dichotomy in diabetic pregnancy and macrosomia.
2006
We assessed the implication of Th (helper)-cells and the modulation of the Th1/Th2 dichotomy by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in type I diabetic pregnancy (DP) and macrosomia. Female gestant rats fed a standard diet or n-3 PUFA regimen were rendered diabetic by administration of five low doses of streptozotocin. The macrosomic (MAC) offspring were sacrificed at the age of 90 days. The mRNAs of IL-2 and IFN-gamma (Th1 cytokines) and IL-4 (Th2 cytokine) were downregulated in the pancreas and spleen of diabetic pregnant rats. The levels of IL-10 mRNA, another Th2 cytokine, were unchanged in the spleen or upregulated in the pancreas of these animals. Feeding an n-3 PUFA diet to rats wi…
Heart-type fatty acid binding protein is a sensitive biomarker for early AMI detection in troponin negative patients: a pilot study
2017
Background: Early detecting AMI in individuals presenting to the ED with chest pain continues to be a challenge. cTn is the gold standard for AMI diagnosis but early presenters (<1 hours from symptom onset) maybe cTn negative on admission. We analysed the diagnostic value of h-FABP and hs-TnI in patients presenting to ED with chest pain and no cTnI elevations. Methods: 28 AMI and 28 no-AMI individuals both presented to ED within one hour from pain onset were included. Blood donors were analysed for h-FABP cut-off identification. Among AMI patients, 55% were positive for h-FABP and 34.6% were positive for hs-TnI (p = .015), thus 21% were positive only for h-FABP. The diagnostic accuracy w…
Elastase, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide metabolites and oxidative status in subjects with clinical stable chronic renal failure on conservative treat…
2009
We evaluated, in a group of 41 CRF undialyzed subjects (29 men and 12 women, mean age 64.1 +/- 11.3 years), some parameters that reflect leukocyte activation (elastase, myeloperoxidase - MPO), plasma NO metabolites (NO(x)) and the oxidative status (lipid peroxidation expressed as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and total antioxidant status (TAS). Elastase was determined, on plasma separated from fasting venous blood, as elastase/alpha1-proteinase inhibitor complex. MPO was evaluated employing the Myeloperoxidase ELISA kit. The NO production was evaluated by a micromethod. The oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids was evaluated in plasma by detection of the thiobarbituric …
The predictive value of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein is independent from symptom duration in normotensive patients with pulmonary embolism.
2013
Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a useful biomarker for risk stratification of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). In patients with acute myocardial infarction, H-FABP plasma concentrations rise after 30 minutes and return to normal within 20-24 hours. We tested whether the predictive value of H-FABP is affected by the duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis in patients with PE.We prospectively studied 257 consecutive normotensive patients with confirmed symptomatic PE.Patients with acute (24 hours; n=150) symptom onset presented more often with syncope (28.7% vs. 6.5%; p0.001) compared to patients with symptoms ≥ 24 hours (n=107); other baseline characteristics, comorbi…
Dietary (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids exert antihypertensive effects by modulating calcium signaling in T cells of rats.
2001
After 10 wk of feeding an experimental diet enriched with (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), i.e., eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA, 20:5(n-3)] and [DHA, 22:6(n-3)] (EPAX), blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), but not in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats was reduced relative to rats fed an unsupplemented control diet. Concanavalin A-stimulated T-cell proliferation was diminished in both strains of rats fed the PUFA/EPAX diet. The experimental diet lowered secretion of interleukin-2 in SHR, but not in WKY rats compared with rats fed the control diet. To determine whether there was a defect in calcium homeostasis in T cells during hypertension, we employed the followin…
Dietary fat intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
2015
Background Dietary fat quality and fat replacement are more important for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention than is total dietary fat intake. Objective The aim was to evaluate the association between total fat intake and fat subtypes with the risk of CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes) and cardiovascular and all-cause death. We also examined the hypothetical effect of the isocaloric substitution of one macronutrient for another. Design We prospectively studied 7038 participants at high CVD risk from the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea (PREDIMED) study. The trial was conducted from 2003 to 2010, but the present analysis was based on an expanded fo…