Search results for " fever"
showing 10 items of 173 documents
Prolonged survival of Puumala hantavirus outside the host: evidence for indirect transmission via the environment
2006
The capability of rodent-borne viruses to survive outside the host is critical for the transmission dynamics within rodent populations and to humans. The transmission of Puumala virus (PUUV) in colonized bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) was investigated and additional longevity studies in cell culture with PUUV and Tula (TULV) hantaviruses were performed. Wild-type PUUV excreted by experimentally infected donor bank voles was shown to be transmitted indirectly between rodents through contaminated beddings, and maintained its infectivity to recipient voles at room temperature for 12–15 days. In cell culture supernatants, PUUV and TULV remained infectious for 5–11 days at room temperature…
Surveillance and control of African Swine Fever in free‐ranging pigs in Sardinia
2019
SUMMARY African swine fever (ASF) is a notifiable infectious disease, caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), which is a DNA virus belonging to the family Asfarviridae, genus Asfivirus. This disease has gained importance in the last decade after its spread in several countries in Eastern and Central Europe, and more recently, in China. Despite the efforts made to eradicate it, ASF is still present on the Mediterranean island of Sardinia (Italy) and has been since 1978. ASF risk factors on the island have been analysed in previous studies; the role of free‐ranging pigs in virus persistence has been suggested, but has not been fully elucidated. The most recent eradication plan provides more stringent…
Joint Estimation of Relative Risk for Dengue and Zika Infections, Colombia, 2015–2016
2019
We jointly estimated relative risk for dengue and Zika virus disease (Zika) in Colombia, establishing the spatial association between them at the department and city levels for October 2015–December 2016. Cases of dengue and Zika were allocated to the 87 municipalities of 1 department and the 293 census sections of 1 city in Colombia. We fitted 8 hierarchical Bayesian Poisson joint models of relative risk for dengue and Zika, including area- and disease-specific random effects accounting for several spatial patterns of disease risk (clustered or uncorrelated heterogeneity) within and between both diseases. Most of the dengue and Zika high-risk municipalities varied in their risk distributio…
Familial Mediterranean fever as an unusual cause of acute scrotum.
2001
Correct preoperative diagnosis is the crucial step in the management of acute scrotum. With the adjunct of color Doppler ultrasound, torsion of testicular appendages, epidydimitis and orchitis as the more common nonsurgical causes are differentiated reliably from testicular torsion or incarcerated inguinal hernia. Less frequently, acute scrotal swelling is the initial symptom of systemic disorders. Leukemic infiltration of the testis or scrotal involvement in vasculitis
Familial Mediterranean Fever: an unusual cause of liver disease
2019
Abstract Background Familial Mediterranean Fever is an autoinflammatory disease typically expressed with recurrent attacks of fever, serositis, aphthous stomatitis, rash. Only a few reports describe the association with hepatic involvement. Case presentation We describe the clinical case of a child affected, since the age of 1 year, by recurrent fever, aphthous stomatitis, rash, arthralgia, associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of Familial Mediterranean Fever was confirmed by the genetic study of MEFV gene; the homozygous mutation M694 V in exon was documented. A partial control of attacks was obtained with colchicine. The child continued to manifest only …
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FINDINGS OF BOUTONNEUSE FEVER IN SICILIAN CHILDREN
1998
The spectrum of signs and symptoms of 645 consecutive children diagnosed from 1984 to 1996 with boutonneuse fever (BF), a mild rickettsial disease caused by Rickettsia conorii endemic in the Mediterranean basin, are reported. The major clinical features were fever (97.2%), exanthema (96.1%) and “tache noire” (71.8%). The large series examined permitted the authors to observe some rare or disregarded clinical features of the disease: cases with papulovesicular exanthema, reported previously only in adults who had been infected by R. conorii in Africa; and cases in which the only symptom was an isolated lymphadenopathy. Conclusion R. conorii infection should be considered in patients with lym…
PLASMA LEVELS OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR a AND INTERFERON g IN SICILIAN CHILDREN WITH MEDITERRANEAN SPOTTED FEVER
1997
The plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma were measured in 53 consecutive children with serologically confirmed Mediterranean spotted fever and were found to be increased during the acute phase compared with the convalescent phase (tumor necrosis factor-alpha mean 32.17 vs. 4.12 pg/ml, P < 0.0001; interferon-gamma mean 84.17 vs. 2.65 pg/ml, P = 0.0006). Plasma levels of both cytokines were higher in patients with a typical exanthema rather than those with a very mild or no exanthema; tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were significantly lower in the latter (tumor necrosis factor-alpha 32.17 vs. 9.85 pg/ml, P < 0.0001; interferon-gamma 84.17 vs. 38.14 pg/ml, P = 0…
Acute rheumatic fever prophylaxis in high-income countries: clinical observations from an Italian multicentre, retrospective study.
2019
Objective-The aim of the study is to evaluate the compliance rate to secondary prophylaxis and the presence of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) in a cohort of Italian patients with Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF). Methods-This is a multicentre retrospective study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence at last follow-up of RHD. Clinical features, ARF recurrences and the rate of compliance to secondary prophylaxis were evaluated. Results-wo hundred and ninety patients were enrolled (137 females, 153 males). Carditis at onset was present in 244 patients (84.7%). At the end of follow-up, 173 patients showed RHD. Adherence to secondary prophylaxis was low in 26% of …
Tick-borne bacteria in Ixodes ricinus collected in southern Norway evaluated by a commercial kit and established real-time PCR protocols
2015
Ticks are important vectors of human pathogens. The knowledge of disease causing agents harboured by ticks in Norway is limited. The focus of this study was (a) to detect the bacteria of medical importance in ticks collected from the vegetation at locations in the southern part of the country and (b) to evaluate a novel commercially available multiplex PCR based method by comparing results with conventional established real-time PCR protocols. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato was confirmed to be the most prevalent pathogen detected (31%) among one hundred individually analysed adult ticks. Borrelia miyamotoi, a spirochete associated with relapsing fever, was detected in one sample. Anaplasma…
Analysis of the Polymorphisms of Th1 and Th17 Cytokines in Mediterranean Spotted Fever
2012
Background: We have recently reported that the susceptibility for Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) caused by Rickettsia conorii, is influenced by the Th2 and Th1 cytokine genetic polymorphism profiles. Less it is known on the effect of gene polymorphisms of cytokine produced by the Th17. Methods: 70 Sicilian patients affected by MSF and 239 control subjects matched for age, gender, and geographic origin were typed for functionally relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IFN-γ (+874 T/A), IL-18 (-137 G/C and -607A/C ) and IL-17 (7488T/C) according to our laboratory procedures. Results: No significant differences in IL-18 -137 G/C, -607A/C and in IFN-γ +874 T /A genotype frequenci…