Search results for " footprint"

Comparative life cycle impact assessment of electric and conventional bus in Vietnam

2022

Transportation is one of the key sectors causing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and air pollution. With the substantial increase in passenger and freight transportation, the corresponding GHG emissions and air pollutants are expected to increase significantly. Recent global and national policies are targeting at reducing environmental impacts of transportation activities. The promotion of public transportation and development of electric buses (e-buses) will reduce the use of fossil fuels in transportation, and consequently, reduce GHG emissions. This study assesses the life cycle GHG emissions and other environmental impacts of e-bus, and compares them with those of conventional bus operat…

NUEVAS FORMAS DE REPORTING CORPORATIVO: INFORMACIÓN SOBRE LA HUELLA DE CARBONO EN ESPAÑA

2018

RESUMEN A raíz del Protocolo de Kioto, España crea el Registro Nacional de Huella de Carbono, Compensación y Proyectos de Absorción de Dióxido de Carbono mediante el Real Decreto 163/2014. Ello se constituye en una iniciativa pionera para potenciar que las empresas españolas den visibilidad a su compromiso en la reducción de sus emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI). Bajo este contexto, la presente investigación explora los determinantes de la adhesión al Registro Nacional de Huella de Carbono español. Se realiza un estudio exploratorio de las características de las primeras empresas españolas que decidieron inscribir su huella de carbono, a través de un modelo de regresión logísti…

An integrated environmental indicator for urban transportation systems: description and application

2015

A simplified version of the ecological footprint method is proposed for assessing the environmental performances of urban transportation systems. The method, starting from the knowledge of the composition of the running vehicular fleet, is here applied to a southern Italian province. It represents a synthetic indicator of the environmental pressure exerted by the system also matching the pollutant emissions with the carrying capacity of the site. Particularly, the forested area needed to absorb the CO2 emissions of the system is compared with the total forested area of the province. The results of the case-study indicates the yearly maximum distance that each vehicle of the fleet can cover …

Comparative study of the environmental footprints of marinas on European Islands

2021

AbstractPorts have been key elements in Europe's economic development. This situation is even more relevant on islands, which are highly dependent on the maritime sector. Consequently, over the years, ports with diverse functionalities have been established both in mainland Europe and on its outlying islands. This article discusses the environmental impact of leisure marinas on European islands, especially as they are closely linked to economic development through tourism. The aim is to study the environmental impact of these infrastructures by determining the carbon and water footprints of marinas on European islands in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. The results obtained enable the au…

Reiterative transcription initiation from galP2 promoter of Escherichia coli

2000

The expression of gal operon in Escherichia coli is driven by two promoters, P1 and P2 separated by 5 bp. The transcription initiated from the P2 generates a large amount of abortive transcripts to produce a comparable amount of full-length transcript as P1 in vitro. In this study, we investigated the source of the abortive transcripts by employing a quantitative potassium permanganate footprinting method that determines the extent of open promoter complex formation. The extents of open promoter complex formation at the two gal promoters were about the same during the given reaction time while the amount of transcription initiation determined by in vitro transcription assay showed a conside…

Nucleotide's bilinear indices: Novel bio-macromolecular descriptors for bioinformatics studies of nucleic acids. I. Prediction of paromomycin's affin…

2009

A new set of nucleotide-based bio-macromolecular descriptors are presented. This novel approach to bio-macromolecular design from a linear algebra point of view is relevant to nucleic acids quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies. These bio-macromolecular indices are based on the calculus of bilinear maps on Re(n)[b(mk)(x (m),y (m)):Re(n) x Re(n)--Re] in canonical basis. Nucleic acid's bilinear indices are calculated from kth power of non-stochastic and stochastic nucleotide's graph-theoretic electronic-contact matrices, M(m)(k) and (s)M(m)(k), respectively. That is to say, the kth non-stochastic and stochastic nucleic acid's bilinear indices are calculated using M(m)(k)…

The role of the transportation phase for a green management of municipal solid waste

2017

Municipal solid waste management (MSWM) constitutes a high challenging issue to cope with to move towards sustainability of the urban policies. Despite new standards call for recycling and reusing materials contained in the city waste, several municipalities still use extensive landfills. Other than the environmental pressure exerted by these plants, the waste transportation from the recovery points of towns to landfills needs consideration to correctly assess the whole burden of the waste management. In this paper, the Ecological Footprint indicator is applied to the MSWM of the town of Palermo (Sicily). Results show that the effects produced by the involved transportation vehicles, both i…

The Carbon Footprint of Volunteer Tourism

2019

Abstract Tourism is growing at a fast rate and so is its carbon footprint. Alongside conventional tourism, a new form of tourism, so-called voluntourism, has emerged. The discussion on voluntourism in the existing literature has hereby mainly centred around its positive impacts on the health and education of communities and the local environment in developing countries. Nevertheless, little attention has been drawn to its climate impacts. This study set out to investigate the carbon footprint of voluntourism. The data were collected at a local non-governmental organisation (NGO) in India working with voluntourists. Both the carbon footprint of the stay in India and that from the round trip …

Eco-efficiency assessment of wastewater treatment plants using a weighted Russell directional distance model

2016

Abstract Improving the performance of wastewater treatment plants is essential to ensuring their long-term sustainability. Most of the previous studies on this topic have assessed the techno-economic efficiency of wastewater treatment plants and ignored the emission of greenhouse gases. For the first time, the weighted Russell directional distance model was applied to estimate the eco-efficiency of a sample of real wastewater treatment plants. Moreover, this approach allowed an inefficiency score to be obtained for each variable (cost factors, pollutant removal and greenhouse gases) involved in the model. Subsequently, a second stage of analysis was applied to identify factors influencing t…

The role of chemical cues in the host finding behaviour of Trissolcus basalis from a Conservation Biological Control perspective

In assessing successful biological control programs by parasitoids, the knowledge of important traits, such as the host finding capability, i.e. the ability to find host and food resources, play the key role. Moreover, parasitoids in their natural environment parasitoids deal with a variable mixtures of natural cues. Some chemical cues are used by the wasps to locate their hosts, some ones drive wasps to feeding resources. The parasitoid response to these cues can fluctuate according to biotic factors and abiotic condition. This dissertation focus in details on the role of two important tools, such as selective flowering plants as food resources to add within a crop area and the traces left…