Search results for " formal"
showing 10 items of 273 documents
The regulatory landscape for actively personalized cancer immunotherapies
2013
Statistical analysis when dealing with astigmatism: assessment of different spherocylindrical notations.
2001
Ophthalmic epidemiological studies frequently deal with ocular refractive errors, which are commonly expressed in the form sphere/cylinder x axis. However, this representation has been shown not to be the most suitable one for performing statistical analysis. Although alternative analytical and graphic methods to represent this kind of data have been developed, these formalisms have often gone unnoticed by researchers, despite their usefulness and versatility. Besides, there has been no discussion of how each of them fits in with a particular type of study. In this paper, several mathematical representations of dioptric power are revisited in a comprehensive way. The aim is to encourage res…
Il principio di pari opportunità e di parità nell'accesso al lavoro nella disciplina dei convitti nazionali: alcune considerazioni a margine della se…
2022
The issues of equal opportunities and the prohibition of discrimination on the basis of gender have been the subject of Constitutional Court rulings for many years, also with a view to overcoming the phenomenon of under-representation of the female gender that characterises some sectors. The present work proposes to analyse sentence No. 1 of 2022, concerning the procedures for the recruitment of educational staff in national boarding schools, with which the Constitutional Court, by declaring the question inadmissible, demonstrated a certain discontinuity with the path taken in the progressive affirmation of the principles of equal opportunities and equal access to work. The ruling also offe…
PROPOSAL OF FORMAL AND NON-FORMAL EDUCATION FOR NEW GENERATION DIGITAL LEARNING DEMAND IN ENGINEERING
2021
Millennial generation, starting from twelve-year-olds up to adolescents, is one of the most complicated generational cohorts; its ecosystem, beyond of formal and non-formal education boundaries, is more diverse than for any other previous generation. Digital learners prefer a digital learning environment, as the advantage of digital learning is the control over time, place, way and pace, enabling you to impersonate as an educational institution, applying smart personal network which consists of 3 domains: applied smart technologies; reflexive pedagogy for the digital century [1]; learning environment [2], thus without any confrontation of formal and non-formal education, but rather with con…
On Formalizing Logical Modalities
2021
This paper is in the scope of the philosophy of modal logic; more precisely, it concerns the semantics of modal logic, when the modal elements are interpreted as logical modalities. Most authors have thought that the logic for logical modality—that is, the one to be used to formalize the notion of logical truth (and other related notions)—is to be found among logical systems in which modalities are allowed to be iterated. This has raised the problem of the adequacy, to that formalization purpose, of some modal schemes, such as S4 and S5 . It has been argued that the acceptance of S5 leads to non-normal modal systems, in which the uniform substitution rule fails. The thesis supported in this…
The bi-Hamiltonian theory of the Harry Dym equation
2002
We describe how the Harry Dym equation fits into the the bi-Hamiltonian formalism for the Korteweg-de Vries equation and other soliton equations. This is achieved using a certain Poisson pencil constructed from two compatible Poisson structures. We obtain an analogue of the Kadomtsev-Petviashivili hierarchy whose reduction leads to the Harry Dym hierarchy. We call such a system the HD-KP hierarchy. We then construct an infinite system of ordinary differential equations (in infinitely many variables) that is equivalent to the HD-KP hierarchy. Its role is analogous to the role of the Central System in the Kadomtsev-Petviashivili hierarchy.
Gravitational lensing on the Cosmic Microwave Background by gravity waves
1997
We study the effect of a stochastic background of gravitational waves on the gravitational lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. It has been shown that matter density inhomogeneities produce a smoothing of the acoustic peaks in the angular power spectrum of the CMB anisotropies. A gravitational wave background gives rise to an additional smoothing of the spectrum. For the most simple case of a gravitational wave background arising during a period of inflation, the effect results to be three to four orders of magnitude smaller than its scalar counterpart, and is thus undetectable. It could play a more relevant role in models where a larger background of gravitational wa…
Effect of magnons on the temperature dependence and anisotropy of spin-orbit torque
2020
We investigate the influence of magnons on the temperature-dependence and the anisotropy of the spin-orbit torque (SOT). For this purpose we use 3rd order perturbation theory in the framework of the Keldysh formalism in order to derive suitable equations to compute the magnonic SOT. We find several contributions to the magnonic SOT, which depend differently on the spin-wave stiffness $\mathcal{A}$ and on the temperature $T$, with the dominating contribution scaling like $T^{2}/\mathcal{A}^{2}$. Based on this formalism we compute the magnonic SOT in the ferromagnetic Rashba model. For large Rashba parameters the magnonic SOT is strongly anisotropic and for small quasiparticle broadening it m…
Spin accumulation from nonequilibrium first principles methods
2021
For the technologically relevant spin Hall effect, most theoretical approaches rely on the evaluation of the spin-conductivity tensor. In contrast, for most experimental configurations the generation of spin accumulation at interfaces and surfaces is the relevant quantity. Here, we directly calculate the accumulation of spins due to the spin Hall effect at the surface of a thin metallic layer, making quantitative predictions for different materials. Two distinct limits are considered, both relying on a fully relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker density functional theory method. In the semiclassical approach, we use the Boltzmann transport formalism and compare it directly with a fully quantu…
On the unification of electroweak interactions with gravity
1982
It is shown that the electroweak interactions in the Salam-Weinberg model can be described by a space-time connection form which preserves the space-time metric multiplied by a conformal factor. In addition, one needs an extraSO(2)-connection form. The Dirac field in this formalism is described (after making a certain regularity assumption) by a vierbein field for the space-time metric and a complex scalar field.