Search results for " format"

showing 10 items of 2156 documents

Radio mode feedback: Does relativity matter?

2017

Radio mode feedback, associated with the propagation of powerful outflows in active galaxies, is a crucial ingredient in galaxy evolution. Extragalactic jets are well collimated and relativistic, both in terms of thermodynamics and kinematics. They generate strong shocks in the ambient medium, associated with observed hotspots, and carve cavities that are filled with the shocked jet flow. In this Letter, we compare the pressure evolution in the hotspot and the cavity generated by relativistic and classical jets. Our results show that the classical approach underestimates the cavity pressure by a factor larger or equal to 2 for a given shocked volume during the whole active phase. The tensio…

Shock wavePhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Active galactic nucleusCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)010308 nuclear & particles physicsStar formationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaTime evolutionFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciencesGalaxyTheory of relativitySpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencesHotspot (geology)Galaxy formation and evolutionAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Spectral long-range interaction of temporal incoherent solitons.

2014

We study the interaction of temporal incoherent solitons sustained by a highly noninstantaneous (Raman-like) nonlinear response. The incoherent solitons exhibit a nonmutual interaction, which can be either attractive or repulsive depending on their relative initial distance. The analysis reveals that incoherent solitons exhibit a long-range interaction in frequency space, which is in contrast with the expected spectral short-range interaction described by the usual approach based on the Raman-like spectral gain curve. Both phenomena of anomalous interaction and spectral long-range behavior of incoherent solitons are described in detail by a long-range Vlasov equation.

Shock waveWave propagationIncoherent scatter01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeOptics[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciences[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]010306 general physicsDispersion (water waves)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsbusiness.industrystatistical opticsVlasov equationAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Nonlinear systemsymbolsbusiness[ MATH.MATH-PR ] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Raman scatteringCoherence (physics)Optics letters
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Impact of self-steepening on incoherent dispersive spectral shocks and collapse-like spectral singularities

2014

International audience; Incoherent dispersive shock waves and collapselike singularities have been recently predicted to occur in the spectral evolution of an incoherent optical wave that propagates in a noninstantaneous nonlinear medium. Here we extend this work by considering the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We show that self-steepening significantly affects these incoherent spectral singularities: (i) It leads to a delay in the development of incoherent dispersive shocks, and (ii) it arrests the incoherent collapse singularity. Furthermore, we show that the spectral collapselike behavior can be exploited to achieve a significant enhancement (by two orders of magnitudes) of…

Shock wavespecklesIncoherent scatterDegree of coherencespeckles steepening shock waves01 natural sciencesNO010305 fluids & plasmasSingularity[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Quantum mechanicsNonlinear medium0103 physical sciences[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]010306 general physicsPhysicsstatistical opticsshock wavesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Nonlinear systemQuantum electrodynamicsGravitational singularitysteepening[ MATH.MATH-PR ] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Coherence (physics)
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Effects of low frequency electric fields on synaptic integration in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons: implications for power line emissions

2014

The possible cognitive effects of low frequency external electric fields, such as those generated by power lines, are poorly understood. Their functional consequences for mechanisms at the single neuron level are very difficult to study and identify experimentally, especially in vivo. The major open problem is that experimental investigations on humans have given inconsistent or contradictory results, making it difficult to estimate the possible effects of external low frequency electric fields on cognitive functions. Here we investigate this issue with a realistic model of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. The model suggests how and why external electric fields, with environmentally obser…

Signal processingElementary cognitive taskexternal fieldhippocampal CA1 neuronComputer sciencespikes synchronizationpowerlines effectsCognitionHippocampal formationLow frequencysimulationlcsh:RC321-571Cellular and Molecular Neurosciencemedicine.anatomical_structureElectric power transmissionElectric fieldmedicinerealistic modelOriginal Research ArticleNeuronNeurosciencelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryNeuroscienceExtracellular fieldFrontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
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Compact-like pulse signals in a new nonlinear electrical transmission line

2013

International audience; A nonlinear electrical transmission line with an intersite circuit element acting as a nonlinear resistance is introduced and investigated. In the continuum limit, the dynamics of localized signals is described by a nonlinear evolution equation belonging to the family of nonlinear diffusive Burgers' equations. This equation admits compact pulse solutions and shares some symmetry properties with the Rosenau-Hyman K(2,2) equation. An exact discrete compactly- supported signal voltage is found for the network and the dissipative effects on the pulse motion analytically studied. Numerical simulations confirm the validity of analytical results and the robustness of these …

Signal processingMathematical analysisCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNonlinear systemElectric power transmission[NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Robustness (computer science)0103 physical sciences[NLIN.NLIN-PS] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Dissipative system[ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Electrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsNonlinear evolutionVoltageMathematics
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Pattern dynamics in a nonlinear electrical lattice

2003

International audience; In this paper, we present experiments using a nonlinear electrical line, modeling the FitzHugh-Nagumo equation, without recovery term. Different patterns are studied according to the para meters of this medium and initial conditions. We then propose to apply these results to the domain of signal processing. We show that erosion and dilation of a binary signal, two kinds,of binarization-one depending on an amplitude threshold, the other on an energetical threshold-and nonlinear filtering allowing noise removal can be obtained in the same medium.

Signal processing[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingNonlinear filteringApplied MathematicsMathematical analysis[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing01 natural sciencesBinary signal010305 fluids & plasmasNonlinear systemAmplitude[NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS][INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingControl theoryModeling and SimulationLattice (order)0103 physical sciences[ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]010306 general physicsNoise removalEngineering (miscellaneous)[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingMathematics
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Protein delivery based on uncoated and chitosan-coated mesoporous silicon microparticles

2011

Mesoporous silicon is a biocompatible, biodegradable material that is receiving increased attention for pharmaceutical applications due to its extensive specific surface. This feature enables to load a variety of drugs in mesoporous silicon devices by simple adsorption-based procedures. In this work, we have addressed the fabrication and characterization of two new mesoporous silicon devices prepared by electrochemistry and intended for protein delivery, namely: (i) mesoporous silicon microparticles and (ii) chitosan-coated mesoporous silicon microparticles. Both carriers were investigated for their capacity to load a therapeutic protein (insulin) and a model antigen (bovine serum albumin) …

SiliconMaterials scienceSiliconBSAchemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPorous silicon01 natural sciencesChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsColloid and Surface ChemistryAdsorptionPorous siliconElectrochemistryAnimalsInsulinPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBovine serum albuminChitosanbiologyProteintechnology industry and agricultureProteinsSerum Albumin BovineSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyequipment and suppliesControlled release0104 chemical sciencesMesoporous organosilicachemistryMicroscopy Electron Scanningbiology.proteinElectrochemical pore formationCattle:Investigación::33 Ciencias tecnológicas::3312 Tecnología de materiales [Materias]0210 nano-technologyMesoporous materialBiotechnology
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Unique Reactivity of Fluorinated Molecules with Transition Metals

2014

Organofluorine and organometallic chemistry by themselves constitute two potent areas in organic synthesis. Thus, the combination of both offers many chemical possibilities and represents a powerful tool for the design and development of new synthetic methodologies leading to diverse molecular structures in an efficient manner. Given the importance of the selective introduction of fluorine atoms into organic molecules and the effectiveness of transition metals in C–C and C–heteroatom bond formation, this review represents an interesting read for this aim.

SilverMetathesischemistry.chemical_elementCatalysisOrganic moleculeschemistry.chemical_compoundTransition metalComputational chemistryMoleculeReactivity (chemistry)QD1-999Organometallic chemistryPauson-Khand reactionTransition metalFluorineGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryBond formationChemistrychemistryCross couplingFluorineOrganic synthesisGoldCopperCHIMIA
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Población y capital humano en España

2010

Se analiza las inversiones educativas en España desde una perspectiva histórica, haciendo referencia también a una comparación intenacional que permite resaltar algunos de los problemas que padece el sistema de enseñanza español respecto a los de las principales economías de su entorno. Después de describir el nivel de formación formal de la población adulta y de la población activa, se analiza los cambios que se han producido a largo plazo en la demanda de educación, haciendo una lectura comparada de los hechos a través de la organización del sistema educativo.

Sistema de EducaciónOrganización del sistema educativoComparaison internationalePopulation[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationInvestissement éducatifpoblaciónNiveau de formationAnalyse historiqueSystème éducatifInversiones EducaciónOrganisation du système éducatifNivel de educaciónAnálisis HistóricoComparación Internacional
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Acquisition of Skills, Training Activities and Learning Outcomes: Empirical Evidence in the Degree in Finance and Accounting

2015

The aim of this paper is examining whether the new teaching model, based on a skills training approach, is being applied in the implementation of degrees. In particular, we examine it by an analysis of the degree in Finance and Accounting at University of Valencia. Interviews with the subjects’ coordinators as well as surveys addressed to both students and professors show that, although methodological changes have been made, the new teaching model has not been adopted yet. Results also show that carrying out more training activities does not have a signifi cant effect on the students’ learning outcomes.

Skills trainingMedical educationactividades formativasimplantación de los gradosresultados de aprendizajecompetencias genéricaslcsh:LCant (architecture)Psychologylcsh:EducationEducationEstudios sobre Educación
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