Search results for " frame"

showing 10 items of 1365 documents

Precision Measurement of theB→XsγPhoton Energy Spectrum, Branching Fraction, and DirectCPAsymmetryACP(B→Xs+dγ)

2012

The photon spectrum in the inclusive electromagnetic radiative decays of the B meson, B → X_sγ plus B → X_dγ, is studied using a data sample of (382.8±4.2)×10^6Υ(4S) → BB decays collected by the BABAR experiment at SLAC. The spectrum is used to extract the branching fraction B(B → X_sγ)=(3.21±0.33)×10^(-4) for E_γ > 1.8  GeV and the direct CP asymmetry A_(CP)(B → X_(s+d)γ)=0.057±0.063. The effects of detector resolution and Doppler smearing are unfolded to measure the photon energy spectrum in the B meson rest frame.

PhysicsParticle physicsPhoton010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionmedia_common.quotation_subjectElectron–positron annihilationGeneral Physics and AstronomyBaBar experimentRest framePhoton energy01 natural sciencesAsymmetryNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesB meson010306 general physicsmedia_commonPhysical Review Letters
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Exclusive non-leptonic charm baryon decays

1992

We present a spectator quark model calculation of the Cabibbo-enhanced non-leptonic decays of the lowest lying charm baryons Λc, Ξc and Ωc decaying into non-charm ground state baryons and mesons. We employ covariant quark model wave functions to describe the ground state baryons and mesons. They are obtained by boosting rest frame wave functions to equal velocity frames. The non-leptonic decay amplitudes are then obtained in terms of two wave function overlap parameters which we fit to the experimental data. We discuss general features of the flavour and helicity composition of the final states in the quark model approach. We emphasize thatW-exchange contributions are of crucial importance …

PhysicsParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Mesonmedia_common.quotation_subjectNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyQuark modelRest frameLambda baryonAsymmetryCharm quarkSigma baryonNuclear physicsBaryonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)media_commonZeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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Nucleon form factors, B-meson factories and the radiative return

2004

The feasibility of a measurement of the electric and magnetic nucleon form factors at $B$-meson factories through the radiative return is studied. Angular distributions allow a separation of the contributions from the two form factors. The distributions are presented for the laboratory and the hadronic rest frame, and the advantages of different coordinate systems are investigated. It is demonstrated that $Q^2$ values up to 8 or even 9 GeV$^2$ are within reach. The Monte Carlo event generator PHOKHARA is extended to nucleon final states, and results are presented which include Next-to-Leading Order radiative corrections from initial-state radiation. The impact of angular cuts on rates and d…

PhysicsParticle physicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Nuclear TheoryHadronMonte Carlo methodCoordinate systemFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaRest frameHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Radiative transferB mesonNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)NucleonEngineering (miscellaneous)Nuclear ExperimentEvent generatorParticle Physics - Phenomenology
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Photodetachment ofH−in the presence of a low-frequency laser field

1993

The photodetachment of a model one-electron ion simulating ${\mathrm{H}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$ in the presence of a low-frequency field is analyzed. Two different geometries are considered in order to get information on the effect of the ponderomotive energy shift \ensuremath{\Delta} on the photodetachment cross section. Our calculations suggest that a correspondence may be established between the ponderomotive shift and the photodetachment cross section, when the ejected electron may exchange only a few low-frequency photons. This is in qualitative agreement with recent experimental observations. When a large number of processes are open in which the detached electron may exchange low…

PhysicsPhotonField (physics)InfraredOrder (ring theory)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsPhotoionizationElectronLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPonderomotive energylaw.inventionIonCross section (geometry)Cross section (physics)lawPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsConnection (algebraic framework)Atomic physicsLaser beamsPhysical Review A
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L-Rigidity in Newtonian approximation

2008

Newtonian limit of L-Rigidity is obtained. In this formalism, L-Rigidity is reduced to steady Newtonian rigid motions in a Newtonian frame of reference in which the observer is at rest.

PhysicsPhysics::General PhysicsInertial frame of referenceNewtonian potentialNewtonian limitRotating reference frameFrame of referenceCovariant derivativePhysics::Fluid DynamicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyClassical mechanicsPhysics::Space PhysicsNewtonian fluidVector field
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Physical Origin of Anharmonic Dynamics in Proteins: New Insights From Resolution-Dependent Neutron Scattering on Homomeric Polypeptides

2012

Neutron scattering reveals a complex dynamics in polypeptide chains, with two main onsets of anharmonicity whose physical origin and biological role are still debated. In this study the dynamics of strategically selected homomeric polypeptides is investigated with elastic neutron scattering using different energy resolutions and compared with that of a real protein. Our data spotlight the dependence of anharmonic transition temperatures and fluctuation amplitudes on energy resolution, which we quantitatively explain in terms of a two-site model for the protein-hydration water energy landscape. Experimental data strongly suggest that the protein dynamical transition is not a mere resolution …

PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesfluctuationsResolution (electron density)AnharmonicityProtein dynamical transitionProteinsGeneral Physics and AstronomyNeutron scatteringMolecular physicsPhase TransitionSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Neutron DiffractionComplex dynamicsAmplitudeModels ChemicalBiophysicsHomomericProtein dynamicConnection (algebraic framework)PeptidesEnergy (signal processing)
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Thermal and non-thermal signatures of the Unruh effect in Casimir-Polder forces

2014

We show that Casimir-Polder forces between two relativistic uniformly accelerated atoms exhibit a transition from the short distance thermal-like behavior predicted by the Unruh effect, to a long distance non-thermal behavior, associated with the breakdown of a local inertial description of the system. This phenomenology extends the Unruh thermal response detected by a single accelerated observer to an accelerated spatially extended system of two particles, and we identify the characteristic length scale for this crossover with the inverse of the proper acceleration of the two atoms. Our results are derived separating at fourth order in perturbation theory the contributions of vacuum fluctu…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsInertial frame of referenceCharacteristic lengthVacuum stateGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Casimir-Polder forceGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyCasimir effectCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterUnruh effectClassical mechanicsVacuum FluctuationsUnruh EffectProper accelerationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Scalar fieldQuantum fluctuationOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Transverse-Momentum Distributions and Spherical Symmetry

2011

Transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs) are studied in the framework of quark models. In particular, quark model relations among TMDs are reviewed and their physical origin is discussed in terms of rotational-symmetry properties of the nucleon state in its rest frame.

PhysicsQuarkParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeQuark modelNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical scienceshep-phPartonState (functional analysis)Rest frame01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesTransverse momentumHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentCircular symmetry010306 general physicsNucleonNuclear Experiment
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Measurement of the correlation between the polar angles of leptons from top quark decays in the helicity basis ats=7  TeVusing the ATLAS detector

2016

A measurement of the correlations between the polar angles of leptons from the decay of pair-produced t and (t) over bar quarks in the helicity basis is reported, using proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb(-1) at a center-of-mass energy of root s = 7 TeV collected during 2011. Candidate events are selected in the dilepton topology with large missing transverse momentum and at least two jets. The angles theta(1) and theta(2) between the charged leptons and the direction of motion of the parent quarks in the t (t) over bar rest frame are sensitive to the spin information, and the distribution of …

PhysicsQuarkTop quarkParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyPartonRest frame7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesHelicityNuclear physicsPair production0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentHelicity basis010306 general physicsLeptonPhysical Review D
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Model-independent measurement of the W-boson helicity in top-quark decays at D0.

2008

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T20:37:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-02-14 Science and Technology Facilities Council We present the first model-independent measurement of the helicity of W bosons produced in top quark decays, based on a 1fb-1 sample of candidate tt̄ events in the dilepton and lepton plus jets channels collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron pp̄ Collider. We reconstruct the angle θ* between the momenta of the down-type fermion and the top quark in the W boson rest frame for each top quark decay. A fit of the resulting cos θ* distribution finds that the fraction of longitudinal W bosons f0=0.425±0.166(stat)±0.102(syst) and the f…

PhysicsTop quarkParticle physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyTevatronGeneral Physics and AstronomyFermionRest frame01 natural sciencesHelicityNuclear physicsParticle decay0103 physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::Experiment010306 general physicsBosonLepton
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