Search results for " fuel cell."
showing 10 items of 166 documents
Electrochemical Processe s and Apparatuses for the Abatement of Acid Orange 7 in Water
2014
We have studied the electrochemical treatment of aqu eous solutions contaminated by Acid Orange 7 (AO7) by electro-Fenton process (EF). The main object ive was to evaluate how the electrochemical route affects the performances of the d egradation process. EF process was carried out in a number of very different reactors: conventional bench scale electrochem ical cell, microfluidic electrochemical reactor, microbial fuel cell and stack for reverse electrodialysis processes. The utilisation of micro devices allowed to work without the addition of a supporting elec trolyte and improved the performances of EF. Microbial fuel cell did not need the supply of electric energy bu t our device requir…
Optimization of the performance of an air–cathode MFC by changing solid retention time
2017
BACKGROUND This work is focused on the optimization of the performances of air-cathode microbial fuel cells (MFC) by changing the solid retention time (SRT) of the suspended biomass culture. RESULTS Five MFCs inoculated with activated sludge obtained from a municipal wastewater treatment plant were fed with a highly-concentrated acetate solution (10 000 ppm COD) and operated over two-month tests in order to determine how SRT may influence the performances of the bio-electrogenic cells. The MFC operated at SRTs of 2.5 days was found to outperform the other cells, operated at SRT of 1.4, 5.0, 7.4 and 10.0 days. In order to evaluate the possibility of using SRT as a manipulated parameter for t…
Study of low-pressure suspension plasma spray nanostructured coating : structural characteristics and application in solid oxide fuel cell
2021
Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) has attracted more and more attention in terms of the preparation of nanostructured / sub-microstructured ceramic coatings. However, conventional SPS techniques are conducted under atmospheric pressure, which inevitably causes some disadvantages. Recently, a novel suspension spraying technology – low-pressure suspension plasma spraying (LPSPS) – was proposed, in which the sus-pension spraying process is conducted under low environmental pressure. Benefit from the significant impact of low pressure on the coating deposition, LPSPS is expected to improve the disadvantage of SPS as well as to obtain distinct coating structures not achievable in conventional SPS…
Initial Preparation and Characterization of Single Step Fabricated Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT-SOFC)
2013
In this study, facile tape casting process has been successfully carried out to fabricate an unit anode supported intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC) with four different layers: a composite cathode which is a mix of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (LSCF48) and Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.9 (GDC10), GDC10 as thin electrolyte layer, NiO-GDC10 without pore former as thin anode functional layer (AFL), and anode support layer of NiO-GDC10 with carbon pore former. The multi-layer was sintered once to produce an unit planar cell. An OCV of 1.002 V at 500 °C, and maximum power density of 466 mW cm–2 at 648 °C are obtained. These results indicate negligible leakage of fuel through electrolyte. Furtherm…
Electric Mobility in Portugal: Current Situation and Forecasts for Fuel Cell Vehicles
2021
In recent years, the growing concern for air quality has led to the development of sustainable vehicles to replace conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. Currently, the most widespread technology in Europe and Portugal is that of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) or plug‐in HEV (PHEV) electric cars, but hydrogen‐based transport has also shown significant growth in the commercialization of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) and in the development of new infrastructural schemes. In the current panorama of EV, particular attention should be paid to hydrogen technology, i.e., FCEVs, which is potentially a valid alternative to BEVs and can also be hybrid (FCHEV) and plug‐in hybrid…
Cs0.86(NH41.14SO4Te(OH)6 in porous anodic alumina for micro fuel cell applications.
2011
Abstract Cs0.86(NH4)1.14SO4Te(OH)6 supported by anodic alumina membranes (AAMs) has been characterized for the first time in H2/O2 fuel cell. The fabricated membrane electrode assemblies are able to produce peak power densities in the range 15–30 mW cm−2 under mild conditions (room temperature, low humidity and low Pt loading) and show an increased durability with cycling with respect to previous results obtained with AAM-based fuel cell. The physico-chemical characterization of the electrolytes has been carried out through X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and micro-raman analysis. An estimation of the composite membranes conductance under fuel cell operation has been carr…
Nanoporous alumina membranes filled with solid acid for thin film fuel cells at intermediate temperatures
2004
Thin film fuel cells have been fabricated by impregnation of inorganic porous membranes with inorganic proton conductor. Anodic alumina membranes (50 μm thick and pore diameter of 200 nm), filled with CsHSO4 salt have been used as protonic conductor in a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell working between 423 and 443 K in dry atmosphere. Polarization curves at 433 K showing ohmic control with open circuit values near 0.8 V and short circuit current around 8 mA cm−2 have been obtained. Possible causes of degradation as well as alternative routes to overcome some of the problems encountered with this approach will be reported. Keywords: Solid acid, Anodic alumina membranes, Pore filling, Thin film fuel…
Crosslinked chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based polyelectrolytes for proton exchange membranes
2019
[EN] The preparation polyelectrolytes based on crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) was considered as a feasible alternative to develop highly functionalised, cost-effective and eco-friendly membranes for proton exchange fuel cell technologies. CS/PVA-based membranes were combined with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) as crosslinking and sulfonating agent, and glycerol (GL) to promote flexibility and favour their manageability. The chemical structure, the thermo-oxidative behaviour, the ethanol uptake, the electric, the proton conductivity, and the performance in direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) were assessed. In general, all the CS/PVA-based polyelectrolytes showed a synergetic i…
Functionalised poly (vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide as polymer composite electrolyte membranes
2019
[EN] Crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) based composite films were prepared as polyelectrolyte membranes for low temperature direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFC). The membranes were functionalised by means of the addition of graphene oxide (GO) and sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) and crosslinked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA). The chemical structure was corroborated and suitable thermal properties were found. Although the addition of GO and SGO slightly decreased the proton conductivity of the membranes, a significant reduction of the ethanol solution swelling and crossover was encountered, more relevant for those functionalised with SGO. In general, the composite membranes were stable under …
Parameters identification of the complex impedance model of the PEM fuel cell using Matlab/Simulink
2017
In this work, we present a new technical method for identifying the complex impedance model parameters of a Proton Exchange Membrane (pEM) Fuel Cell for on-board diagnosis in real time. The study of the PEM Fuel Cell modelling is important in order to understand the physical phenomena that occurring in this green renewable energy source. A diagnosis method is presented by analyzing the behavior of the complex impedance. For this, we present the identification method of the various complex impedance parameters; this identification is based on mathematical methods using the least squares method and the interpolation analysis method. The results are obtained using Matlab/Simulink tools and all…