Search results for " function"

showing 10 items of 9395 documents

Many-body Green's function theory of electrons and nuclei beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation

2020

The method of many-body Green's functions is developed for arbitrary systems of electrons and nuclei starting from the full (beyond Born-Oppenheimer) Hamiltonian of Coulomb interactions and kinetic energies. The theory presented here resolves the problems arising from the translational and rotational invariance of this Hamiltonian that afflict the existing many-body Green's function theories. We derive a coupled set of exact equations for the electronic and nuclear Green's functions and provide a systematic way to approximately compute the properties of arbitrary many-body systems of electrons and nuclei beyond the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The case of crystalline solids is discussed …

Born–Oppenheimer approximationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyElectronKinetic energy01 natural sciencesMany bodytiiviin aineen fysiikkaGreen's function methodssymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesCoulombkvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsExact differential equation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMany-body techniquesCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterClassical mechanicssymbolsRotational invarianceCrystalline systemsapproksimointiQuantum Physics (quant-ph)0210 nano-technologyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Driven Bose-Hubbard Model with a Parametrically Modulated Harmonic Trap

2016

We investigate a one-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model in a parametrically driven global harmonic trap. The delicate interplay of both the local interaction of the atoms in the lattice and the driving of the global trap allows us to control the dynamical stability of the trapped quantum many-body state. The impact of the atomic interaction on the dynamical stability of the driven quantum many-body state is revealed in the regime of weak interaction by analyzing a discretized Gross–Pitaevskii equation within a Gaussian variational ansatz, yielding a Mathieu equation for the condensate width. The parametric resonance condition is shown to be modified by the atom interaction strength. In particul…

Bose–Hubbard modelquantum many-body systemsFOS: Physical sciencesHarmonic (mathematics)02 engineering and technologyBose–Hubbard modelWeak interaction01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesAtomquantum gas010306 general physicsQuantumAnsatzPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum Gasesta114021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMathieu functionQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)symbolsParametric oscillator0210 nano-technologyCondensed Matter - Quantum Gasesharmonic trap
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Correlation Dynamics During a Slow Interaction Quench in a One-Dimensional Bose Gas

2014

We investigate the response of a one-dimensional Bose gas to a slow increase of its interaction strength. We focus on the rich dynamics of equal-time single-particle correlations treating the Lieb-Liniger model within a bosonization approach and the Bose-Hubbard model using the time-dependent density-matrix renormalization group method. For short distances, correlations follow a power-law with distance with an exponent given by the adiabatic approximation. In contrast, for long distances, correlations decay algebraically with an exponent understood within the sudden quench approximation. This long distance regime is separated from an intermediate distance one by a generalized Lieb-Robinson …

BosonizationPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesLieb-Robinson boundBose gas[PHYS.COND.GAS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Quantum Gases [cond-mat.quant-gas]General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesTomonaga-Luttinger LiquidRenormalization groupPower lawExponential functionAdiabatic theoremequal-time Green's functionsQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Light coneQuantum mechanicsinteraction quenchExponentCondensed Matter - Quantum GasesPACS: 67.85.−d 03.75.Kk 03.75.Lm 67.25.D−
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On the structure of 3-acetylamino-5-methyl- 1,2,4-oxadiazole and on the fully degenerate rearrangements (FDR) of its anion: a stimulating comparison …

2009

An accurate crystal structure determination has provided evidence for a planar conformation for 3-acetylamino-5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (5), in agreement with quantum-mechanical calculations in the gas phase. In the crystal, a series of strong intermolecular N7H7...O9 hydrogen bonds link the amido groups of different molecules, causing the formation of infinite parallel ordered chains. The effect of the DMSO solvent on the energy and charge distribution of compound 5 and on its relevant 5S anion, involved in a fully degenerate rearrangement (FDR), has been deepened by quantum-mechanical DFT calculations. The calculated energy barrier for the FDR increases in going from in vacuo to DMSO, in …

Boulton–Katritzky reactionSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicarearrangementSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicaazole-to-azole interconversiondensity functional calculationXray diffraction
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Bounded and unbounded solutions for a class of quasi-linear elliptic problems with a quadratic gradient term

2001

Abstract Our aim in this article is to study the following nonlinear elliptic Dirichlet problem: − div [a(x,u)·∇u]+b(x,u,∇u)=f, in Ω; u=0, on ∂Ω; where Ω is a bounded open subset of RN, with N>2, f∈L m (Ω) . Under wide conditions on functions a and b, we prove that there exists a type of solution for this problem; this is a bounded weak solution for m>N/2, and an unbounded entropy solution for N/2>m⩾2N/(N+2). Moreover, we show when this entropy solution is a weak one and when can be taken as test function in the weak formulation. We also study the summability of the solutions.

Bounded and unbounded solutionsQuasi-linear elliptic problemsDirichlet problemMathematics(all)Pure mathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsWeak solutionMathematical analysisQuadratic functionWeak formulationNonlinear systemElliptic curveQuadratic equationBounded functionQuadratic gradient termMathematicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Boundary angles, cusps and conformal mappings

1986

Let f be a conformal mapping of a bounded Jordan domain D in the complex plane onto the unit disk . This paper examines the consequences for the local geometry of D near a boundary point z 0 of the mapping f-or, to be more precise, of the homeomorphic extension of this mapping to the closure of D—satisfying a Holder condition at z 0 or, alternatively, of its inverse satisfying a Holder condition at the point f(z 0). In particular, the compatibility of Holder conditions with the presence of cusps in the boundary of D is investigated.

Bounded functionMathematical analysisHölder conditionInverseBoundary (topology)Conformal mapGeometryGeneral MedicineUnit diskComplex planeMathematicsComplex Variables, Theory and Application: An International Journal
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Mildronate treatment improves functional recovery following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

2011

Mildronate (3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate) is an inhibitor of l-carnitine biosynthesis and an anti-ischemic drug. In the present study, we investigated the effects of mildronate in rats following focal cerebral ischemia. Male Wistar rats were subjected to transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) for 90min, followed by the intraperitoneal administration of mildronate at doses of 100 and 200mg/kg 2h after reperfusion and then daily for an additional 14days. The beam-walking, rota-rod and cylinder tests were used to assess sensorimotor function, and vibrissae-evoked forelimb-placing and limb-placing tests examined responses to tactile and proprioceptive stimulation.…

Brain InfarctionMaleIschemiaStimulationPharmacologyRotarod performance testBrain ischemiaBehavioral NeuroscienceAdjuvants ImmunologicTandem Mass SpectrometryCarnitinemedicine.arterymedicineAnimalsRats WistarStrokeChromatography High Pressure LiquidAnalysis of VarianceDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryExtremitiesInfarction Middle Cerebral ArteryRecovery of Functionmedicine.diseaseRatsBetaineDose–response relationshipRotarod Performance TestVibrissaeMiddle cerebral arterySystemic administrationbusinessNeuroscienceLocomotionPsychomotor PerformanceMethylhydrazinesBehavioural Brain Research
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Ocular tilt reaction: a clinical sign of cerebellar infarctions?

2009

Ocular tilt reaction (OTR) consists of head tilt, ocular torsion (OT), and skew deviation (SKD) combined with perceptual tilts such as deviations of the subjective visual vertical (SVV). Few case reports have shown that OTR also occurs in patients with cerebellar infarctions.1–4 However, no systematic clinical studies are available on the frequency of signs of OTR in patients with cerebellar lesions. Therefore, the questions arose as to whether OTR is a common clinical sign of an acute cerebellar lesion and whether the time course of its components is similar to those from brainstem infarctions. The cerebellar structures involved in 31 patients were studied in detail elsewhere.5 ### Methods…

Brain InfarctionMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCerebellar lesionsSensitivity and SpecificityCentral nervous system diseaseCerebellar DiseasesTilt-Table Testmedicine.arteryCerebellummedicineSkew deviationHumansAgedAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testVascular diseasebusiness.industryVision TestsReproducibility of ResultsMiddle AgedVestibular Function Testsmedicine.diseaseSurgeryAnterior inferior cerebellar arteryElectronystagmographyFemaleNeurology (clinical)RadiologyOcular tilt reactionBrainstembusinessNeurology
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Basic operations in working memory: contributions from functional imaging studies.

2010

Abstract Working memory (WM) constitutes a fundamental aspect of human cognition. It refers to the ability to keep information active for further use, while allowing it to be prioritized, modified and protected from interference. Much research has addressed the storage function of WM, however, its ‘working’ aspect still remains underspecified. Many operations that work on the contents of WM do not appear specific to WM. The present review focuses on those operations that we consider “basic” because they operate in the service of memory itself, by providing its basic functionality of retaining information active, in a stable yet flexible way. Based on current process models of WM we review f…

Brain Mappingmedicine.diagnostic_testWorking memoryBrainCognitionMnemonicExecutive functionsMagnetic Resonance ImagingFunctional imagingBehavioral NeuroscienceExecutive FunctionMemory Short-TermmedicineHumansFunctional magnetic resonance imagingPsychologyNeuroscienceCognitive psychologyBehavioural brain research
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Adaptive Function and Brain Evolution

2012

Comparing brains is not a mere intellectual exercise but also helps to understand how the brain enables adaptive behavioral strategies to cope with an ever-changing world and how this complex organ has evolved during the phylogeny. For instance, comparative neurobiology helps understanding the specific features of our species, an issue that attracted scientists since the time of Santiago Ramon y Cajal. Following this tradition, 20 years ago Hans ten Donkelaar and Gerhard Roth started the European Conferences on Comparative Neurobiology (ECCN). This e-book includes some of the contributions to the last meeting, the sixth ECCN (Valencia, Spain; April 22-24 2010), plus selected works by severa…

Brain developmentMathematicsofComputing_GENERALNeuroscience (miscellaneous)GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUSbrainstemlcsh:RC321-571lcsh:QM1-695Adaptive functioningInformationSystems_GENERALCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceComparative Neuroanatomylcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryDCN NN - Brain networks and neuronal communicationGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)Cerebral CortexEvolutionary NeuroscienceCognitive scienceBrain DevelopmentEvolutionary neurosciencelcsh:Human anatomyNeuroanatomyEditorialForebrainAnatomyPsychologyClassicsFrontiers in Neuroanatomy
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