Search results for " function"

showing 10 items of 9395 documents

A PCA-based clustering algorithm for the identification of stratiform and convective precipitation at the event scale: an application to the sub-hour…

2021

AbstractUnderstanding the structure of precipitation and its separation into stratiform and convective components is still today one of the important and interesting challenges for the scientific community. Despite this interest and the advances made in this field, the classification of rainfall into convective and stratiform components is still today not trivial. This study applies a novel criterion based on a clustering approach to analyze a high temporal resolution precipitation dataset collected for the period 2002–2018 over the Sicily (Italy). Starting from the rainfall events obtained from this dataset, the developed methodology makes it possible to classify the rainfall events into f…

ConvectionEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesFunctional data analysis01 natural sciencesExtreme rainfall Convective and stratiform precipitation Functional data analysis PCA-based clustering analysis010104 statistics & probabilityIdentification (information)HyetographClimatologyTemporal resolutionEnvironmental ChemistryPrecipitation0101 mathematicsSafety Risk Reliability and QualityCluster analysisGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGeneral Environmental ScienceWater Science and TechnologyConvective precipitation
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Geoid effects in a convecting system with lateral viscosity variations

1992

The geoid signal and the flow patterns of two-dimensional steady state convection models with exponential temperature- and depth dependent viscosity are compared with results for an equivalent stratified viscosity structure. In analogy to Richards and Hager [1989], the latter are computed by a “dynamic response” approach. The flow fields obtained with this approach are quite different from the full solution; the geoid signals are similar but the amplitudes differ significantly. The differences are analysed in the horizontal wavenumber domain and in the spatial domain. They may lead to an overestimation of the viscosity contrast of the earth's mantle derived by modeling the earth's geoid wit…

ConvectionMechanicsGeodesyMantle (geology)Physics::GeophysicsExponential functionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsGeophysicsAmplitudeDownwellingGeoidGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesWavenumberConvection–diffusion equationGeologyGeophysical Research Letters
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A Space-Time Meshless Method for Heat Transfer Problems With High Discontinuities

2013

The aim of this research is the development of a space-time driscretization method based on Diffuse Approximation Meshless method. This method, devoted to transient heat transfer problems presenting high temporal discontinuities, avoids any Finite-Difference time stepping procedure. The space-time discretization proposed here seems to be convenient for continuous transient heat transfer. Nevertheless, for problems including temporal discontinuities, some spurious oscillations, whose amplitudes depend on source power, appear. A new weight function respecting the principle of causality, based on a modification of the involved node’s selection and a normalisation of the distances, is developed…

ConvectionPhysicsWeight functionDiscretizationSpace timeMathematical analysisHeat transferNode (circuits)Classification of discontinuitiesConstant (mathematics)Volume 4: Heat and Mass Transfer Under Extreme Conditions; Environmental Heat Transfer; Computational Heat Transfer; Visualization of Heat Transfer; Heat Transfer Education and Future Directions in Heat Transfer; Nuclear Energy
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Onset of convection in a vertical porous cylinder with a permeable and conducting side boundary

2015

Abstract The onset of natural convection in a vertical porous cylinder saturated by a fluid is studied. The lateral confinement of the porous cylinder is due to an external porous medium having a permeability much smaller than that of the cylinder. Thus, the vertical side boundary of the cylinder is permeable and constrained by given pressure and temperature distributions. The lower and upper plane boundaries of the cylinder are impermeable walls. The lower wall is subject to a uniform heat flux, while the upper wall has a uniform temperature. The basic motionless state displays a uniform and vertical temperature gradient oriented downward. The linear stability analysis is carried out by us…

ConvectionRayleigh–Bénard problemMaterials scienceNatural convectionGeneral EngineeringPorous mediumMechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsTemperature gradientsymbols.namesakeMathieu functionClassical mechanicsHeat fluxNatural convectionDispersion relationsymbolsVertical cylinderLinear stabilityPorous mediumLinear stability
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Quasilinear Dirichlet Problems with Degenerated p-Laplacian and Convection Term

2021

The paper develops a sub-supersolution approach for quasilinear elliptic equations driven by degenerated p-Laplacian and containing a convection term. The presence of the degenerated operator forces a substantial change to the functional setting of previous works. The existence and location of solutions through a sub-supersolution is established. The abstract result is applied to find nontrivial, nonnegative and bounded solutions.

Convectionsub-supersolutionGeneral MathematicsOperator (physics)quasilinear elliptic problemlcsh:MathematicsMathematical analysisMathematics::Analysis of PDEsnonnegative solutionlcsh:QA1-939Dirichlet distributionTerm (time)symbols.namesakedegenereted p-LaplacianSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaBounded functionComputer Science (miscellaneous)p-Laplaciansymbolsconvection termEngineering (miscellaneous)MathematicsMathematics
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Peculiarities of imaging one- and two-dimensional structures in an emission electron microscope. 1. theory

2000

Local changes in work function cause deviations of the electrical microfield near a sample surface as a result of the uniform accelerating field distribution between the sample (cathode) and the extractor electrode (anode). This results in a change in the electron trajectories. As a consequence, the microscope image shows remarkable changes in position, size, intensity and lateral resolution of distinct details, which can be quantitatively described by the calculations presented here. Analysing these effects in the image gives an opportunity to determine the real lateral size of the observed structures and the distribution of local contact potentials.

Conventional transmission electron microscopeHistologyMicroscopebusiness.industryScanning electron microscopeChemistryMolecular physicsCathodePathology and Forensic Medicinelaw.inventionOpticslawScanning transmission electron microscopyWork functionsense organsElectron microscopeElectron beam-induced depositionbusinessJournal of microscopy
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Convergence for varying measures

2023

Some limit theorems of the type $\int_{\Omega}f_n dm_n -- --> \int_{\Omega}f dm$ are presented for scalar, (vector), (multi)-valued sequences of m_n-integrable functions f_n. The convergences obtained, in the vector and multivalued settings, are in the weak or in the strong sense.

Convergence in total variationSetwise convergenceConvergence in total variationUniform integrabilityAbsolute integrabilityPettis integralMultifunctionAbsolute integrabilitySetwise convergenceApplied MathematicsFunctional Analysis (math.FA)28B20 26E25 26A39 28B05 46G10 54C60 54C65Mathematics - Functional AnalysisMultifunctionSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaFOS: MathematicsPettis integralUniform integrabilityAnalysisJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
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Convex Duality in Stochastic Optimization and Mathematical Finance

2011

This paper proposes a general duality framework for the problem of minimizing a convex integral functional over a space of stochastic processes adapted to a given filtration. The framework unifies many well-known duality frameworks from operations research and mathematical finance. The unification allows the extension of some useful techniques from these two fields to a much wider class of problems. In particular, combining certain finite-dimensional techniques from convex analysis with measure theoretic techniques from mathematical finance, we are able to close the duality gap in some situations where traditional topological arguments fail.

Convex analysisMathematical optimizationDuality gapGeneral MathematicsConvex optimizationProper convex functionDuality (optimization)Strong dualityWolfe dualityPerturbation functionManagement Science and Operations ResearchComputer Science ApplicationsMathematicsMathematics of Operations Research
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Non absolutely convergent integrals of functions taking values in a locally convex space

2006

Properties of McShane and Kurzweil-Henstock integrable functions taking values in a locally convex space are considered and the relations with other integrals are studied. A convergence theorem for the Kurzweil-Henstock integral is given

Convex analysisMcShane integralGeneral MathematicsMathematical analysisConvex setProper convex functionSubderivativeKurzweil-Henstock integralChoquet theory28B05McShaneintegral Pettis integralSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaLocally convex topological vector spacelocally convex spacesPettis integralConvex combinationAbsolutely convex setMathematics46G10
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Nonsmooth Mechanics. Convex and Nonconvex Problems

1999

Nonlinear, multivalued and possibly nonmonotone relations arise in several areas of mechanics. A multivalued or complete relation is a relation with complete vertical branches. Boundary laws of this kind connect boundary (or interface) quantities. A contact relation or a locking mechanism between boundary displacements and boundary tractions in elasticity is a representative example. Material constitutive relations with complete branches connect stress and strain tensors, or, in simplified theories, equivalent stress and strain quantities. A locking material or a perfectly plastic one is represented by such a relation. The question of nonmonotonicity is more complicated. One aspect concerns…

Convex analysisNonlinear systemConstitutive equationUnilateral contactStrain energy density functionFracture mechanicsMechanicsElasticity (physics)Convex functionMathematics
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