Search results for " function"
showing 10 items of 9395 documents
Determinants of Allergic Sensitization, Asthma and Lung Function: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Italian Schoolchildren
2020
Prenatal smoking exposure and early-life respiratory infections are major determinants of asthma during childhood. We investigate the factors influencing allergic sensitization (AS), asthma, and lung function in children and the balance between individual and environmental characteristics at different life stages. 1714 children aged 7&ndash
Clinical and economic consequences of switching from omalizumab to mepolizumab in uncontrolled severe eosinophilic asthma
2021
AbstractSevere asthma is burdened by frequent exacerbations and use of oral corticosteroids (OCS), which worsen patients’ health and increase healthcare spending. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and economic impact of switching from omalizumab (OMA) to mepolizumab (MEP) in patients eligible for both biologics, but not optimally controlled by omalizumab. We retrospectively enrolled uncontrolled severe asthmatic patients who switched from OMA to MEP during the last two years. Information included blood eosinophil count, asthma control test (ACT), spirometry, serum IgE, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), OCS intake, drugs, exacerbations/hospitalizations, visits and diagno…
Determinants of dynamic inspiratory muscle strength in healthy trained elderly.
2021
Background: The S-Index assessed by means of electronic devices is a measure of Inspiratory Muscle Strength (IMS) that highly correlates with the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The variables involved when using regression models for the prediction of IMS/MIP depend on both the sample characteristics and the device or protocol used. In light of the scarce information on the influence of physical activity (PA) on IMS in healthy older adults (OA), together with the incorporation of new assessment devices, the objectives of this research are: 1) to determine which factors influence the IMS in a group of trained OA, using a portable electronic device; and 2) to propose a regression model to…
Lung Function Decline in Adult Asthmatics—A 10-Year Follow-Up Retrospective and Prospective Study
2021
Asthma may have an impact on lung function decline but conflicting results are reported in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) decline. We aimed to describe the changes in FEV1 in lifelong non-smoking adult asthmatic outpatients during a 10-year follow-up comparing years 1–5 (1st period) with years 6–10 (2nd period) to assess factors affecting these changes. A total of 100 outpatients performed spirometry every 3 months during a 10-year survey. FEV1/Ht3 slope values of the 2nd period reduced significantly respect to the 1st period (p 1 slopes of years 1–5 and 6–10 were inversely associated with FEV1 at enrolment (p = 0.02, p = 0.01, respectively). Reversibility and variability FEV…
Lower probability of FEV1 improvement in asthmatic children exposed to passive smoke
2015
Background: Guidelines advocate the use of spirometry to assess lung function in asthmatic. Inhaled corticosteroid(ICS) therapy is a mainstay of treatment for asthma, but the clinical response is variable. Aim: To assess the time variation of FEV1% in treated children with Persistent Asthma (PA). Methods: 110 children with PA, with two visits between September 2011 and December 2014 at the IBIM pediatric clinic were studied. Spirometry was performed using Pony FX, Cosmed, Italy; values were expressed as %pred using GLI-2012equation. The time trend of FEV1% for each subject was estimated through separate regressions. A linear regression model for the individual slopes (FEV1% average month va…
Haemoglobin, iron status and lung function of adolescents participating in organised sports in the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club Study
2020
ObjectivesTo compare laboratory test results and lung function of adolescent organised sports participants (SP) with non-participants (NP).MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, laboratory tests (haemoglobin, iron status), and flow-volume spirometry were performed on SP youths (199 boys, 203 girls) and their NP peers (62 boys, 114 girls) aged 14–17.ResultsHaemoglobin concentration <120/130 g/L was found in 5.8% of SP and 5.1% NP (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.54 to 2.68). Ferritin concentration below 15 µg/L was found in 22.7% of both SP and NP girls. Among boys ferritin <30 µg/L was found in 26.5% of SP and 30.2% of NP (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.47). Among SP iron supplement use was reported by 3…
Intrauterine and postnatal exposure to outdoor NO2 and lung function at school age
2020
Lungs are highly vulnerable to permanent harmful effects of environmental factors during their in-utero and early life development. The detrimental effects of air pollution on lung development are well known although studies mainly focused on the postnatal exposure period. We investigated the windows of susceptibility during pregnancy and first 7 postnatal years on the association between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and lung function at the age of 7 years in the INMA cohort in Spain. We estimated monthly average exposure to NO2 for the prenatal and postnatal period at home address of 1230 children with temporally-adjusted land use regression models. Spirometry was performed at age 7. We estimate…
Early infancy BMI trajectories and lung function and asthma during childhood
2019
Previous studies assessing the association of birthweight and infant weight gain with lung function and asthma have focused on the difference between two time points or on growth patterns. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories, which integrate information on multiple aspects of growth, may allow a more accurate identification of children at higher risk of future respiratory diseases. We assessed the associations of BMI trajectories from birth to 4 years with lung function and current asthma at 7 years. We included 1399 participants from the population-based INMA birth cohort study. Five BMI trajectories were previously identified: ‘average birth size-slower BMI gain’, ‘higher birth size-accele…
3 He-MRI-based vs. conventional determination of lung volumes in patients after unilateral lung transplantation: a new approach to regional spirometry
2002
Background: To use 3Helium (3He)-MRI in patients with unilateral lung grafts to assess the contributions of graft and native lung to total ventilated lung volume, and second to compare conventional measurements of intrapulmonary gas volume (spirometry, body plethysmography) with image-based volumetry of ventilated lung parenchyma visualized by hyperpolarized 3He-MRI. Methods: With Ethics Committee approval, five patients with single lung transplantation (SLTX) for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) underwent both conventional pulmonary function testing (PFT) and 3He-MRI of the lung. Intrapulmonary gas volume (GV) during the inspiratory breathhold for 3He-MRI was calculated from measured fu…
Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals
2020
The study of reduced respiratory muscle strengths in relation to the loss of muscular function associated with ageing is of great interest in the study of sarcopenia in older institutionalized individuals. The present study assesses the association between respiratory muscle parameters and skeletal mass content and strength, and analyzes associations with blood cell counts and biochemical parameters related to protein, lipid, glucose and ion profiles. A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed among patients institutionalized in nursing homes. The respiratory muscle function was evaluated by peak expiratory flow, maximal respiratory pressures and spirometry parameters, and skeletal m…