Search results for " function"

<p>Preoperative Anemia Screening and Treatment Practices in Patients Having Total Joint Replacement Surgery: A Retrospective, Observational Aud…

2020

Background: Surgical patients with preoperative anemia are more likely to experience adverse outcomes. Patient blood management (PBM) guidelines recommend screening and treating patients for anemia preoperatively to enable optimisation before surgery. This study investigates compliance with PBM guidelines and reports the association between length of stay and transfusion risk in patients with preoperative anemia. Study Design and Methods: A retrospective, observational, chart audit that included all patients having primary, total hip and knee replacement surgery between July–December 2018 at a tertiary, metropolitan healthcare facility. Results: Six hundred and seven patients patients were …

415 Does angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D polymorphism afect blood pressure and diastolic function? Findings after six years of follow up in healthy…

2003

Effect of uric acid in animal models of ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020

Addition of uric acid (UA) to thrombolytic therapy, although safe, showed limited efficacy in improving patients’ stroke outcome, despite alleged neuroprotective effects of UA in preclinical research. This systematic review assessed the effects of UA on brain structural and functional outcomes in animal models of ischemic stroke. We searched Medline, Embase and Web of Science to identify 16 and 14 eligible rodent studies for qualitative and quantitative synthesis, respectively. Range of evidence met 10 of a possible 13 STAIR criteria. Median (Q1, Q3) quality score was 7.5 (6, 10) on the CAMARADES 15-item checklist. For each outcome, we used standardised mean difference (SMD) as effect size…

Diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis

2008

Bronchiectasis is the end result of several different diseases that share principles of management. The clinical course usually involves chronic bronchial infection and inflammation, which are associated with progression. The cause of bronchiectasis should always be investigated, particularly when it can be treated. We recommend evaluating etiology, symptoms, bronchial colonization and infection, respiratory function, inflammation, structural damage, nutritional status, and quality of life in order to assess severity and to monitor clinical course. Care should be supervised by specialized units, at least when there is a history of chronic bronchial infection, recurrent exacerbations, or a c…

Functional imaging of airway distensibility

2014

The physiological function of the respiratory system is essential in distending airway smooth muscle and maintaining airway patency. Deep inspirations can reverse contracted airways and protect airways from subsequent bronchospastic stimuli. Obstructive lung diseases may lead to impairment of the beneficial effects of lung inflation through either change in the airway wall or lung parenchyma. Conventional pulmonary function measurements are unable to assess airway stiffness, based on changes in airway size with lung inflation (distensibility). However, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is unique in that it can be used to measure airway distensibility in animals and in humans. Funct…

Impact of grouping patients by 2017 GOLD strategy assessment criteria: a post hoc analysis of the TONADO and OTEMTO trials

2017

Introduction: Compared to the 2014 scheme, the 2017 GOLD COPD strategy uses only symptoms and exacerbation history to group patients, and no longer gives reference to the severity of airflow limitation. Aims: This post hoc analysis of TONADO and OTEMTO data aims to determine the impact of updated assessment criteria on patient classification and characteristics within these groups. Methods: TONADO (NCT01431274/NCT01431287; N=5162) and OTEMTO (NCT01964352/NCT02006732; N=1621) Phase III trials investigated efficacy and safety of tiotropium+olodatorol fixed-dose combination in COPD patients. In this analysis, patients were classed as GOLD A–D by the 2017 or 2014 criteria. In TONADO the mMRC Dy…

Long-term safety of tiotropium/olodaterol Respimat<sup>®</sup> in patients with moderate-to-very severe COPD and renal i…

2018

Introduction: The safety, lung function efficacy, and symptomatic benefits of combined tiotropium and olodaterol in patients with COPD were established in the 1-year TONADO (R) studies (NCT01431274; NCT01431287). As tiotropium is predominantly excreted by the kidneys, the long-term safety profile of tiotropium/olodaterol was investigated in patients with renal impairment in a prespecified safety analysis of the TONADO studies. Methods: These were 2 replicate, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 52-week Phase III studies that assessed tiotropium/olodaterol compared with tiotropium or olodaterol alone (all via Respimat (R)) in patients with moderate-to-very severe COPD. In this analysis…

The Effect of Tiotropium/Olodaterol versus Salmeterol/Fluticasone on Left Ventricular Function and Lung Hyperinflation in Patients with COPD

2019

Ramucirumab in patients with previously treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Impact of liver disease aetiology.

2021

BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common complication of chronic liver disease with diverse underlying aetiologies. REACH/REACH-2 were global phase III studies investigating ramucirumab in advanced HCC (aHCC) following sorafenib treatment. We performed an exploratory analysis of outcomes by liver disease aetiology and baseline serum viral load. METHODS Meta-analysis was conducted in patients with aHCC and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ≥400 ng/mL (N = 542) from REACH/REACH-2 trials. Individual patient-level data were pooled with results reported by aetiology subgroup (hepatitis B [HBV] or C [HCV] and Other). Pre-treatment serum HBV DNA and HCV RNA were quantified using Roche CO…

Are double potentials markers of a specific zone of the atrioventricular junction in the isolated rabbit heart?

1997

A study is made of the characteristics of the atrial potentials recorded in the Koch triangle and its proximity, their variations on modifying the site of cardiac pacing, and their usefulness as markers of a distinct zone of the AV junction. In 12 isolated and perfused rabbit heart preparations an analysis was made of the endocardial atrial electrograms recorded with a multiple electrode positioned in the AV junction. The electrograms were obtained during spontaneous rhythm and on pacing at the crista terminalis (CT), interatrial septum (IAS), left atrium, and right ventricle. Double potentials were frequently obtained. On pacing at the CT, high-low double potentials (DP [H-L]) were more fr…