Search results for " gases"

showing 10 items of 941 documents

Ab initio simulation of yttrium oxide nanocluster formation on fcc Fe lattice

2010

Using results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations the first attempt towards the understanding of Y2O3 particles formation in oxide dispersed strengthened (ODS) ferritic–martensitic steels was performed. The present work includes modeling of single defects (O impurity atom, Fe vacancy and Y substitute atom), interaction between substituted Y atoms, Y–Fe vacancy pairs and oxygen impurity atoms in the iron matrix. The calculations have showed the repulsive interaction between the two Y substitute atoms at any separation distances that might mean that the oxygen atoms or O atoms with vacancies are required to form binding between atoms in the yttrium oxide nanoclusters.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceAb initioOxidechemistry.chemical_elementYttriumNanoclustersCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryImpurityVacancy defectAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryPhysics::Atomic PhysicsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsNuclear chemistryJournal of Nuclear Materials
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Preparing isomerically pure beams of short-lived nuclei at JYFLTRAP

2008

A new procedure to prepare isomerically clean samples of ions with a mass resolving power of more than 100,000 has been developed at the JYFLTRAP tandem Penning trap system. The method utilises a dipolar rf-excitation of the ion motion with separated oscillatory fields in the precision trap. During a subsequent retransfer to the purification trap, the contaminants are rejected and as a consequence, the remaining bunch is isomerically cleaned. This newly-developed method is suitable for very high-resolution cleaning and is at least a factor of five faster than the methods used so far in Penning trap mass spectrometry.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesNuclear and High Energy PhysicsTandemChemistryAnalytical chemistryFOS: Physical sciencesMass spectrometryPenning trapIonTrap (computing)Physics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentInstrumentationNuclear Experiment
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A low-pass velocity filter for ultracold neutrons

2012

Abstract We have built a device to filter ultracold neutrons with axial velocities v n ≤ 8.0 m / s from faster neutrons. The apparatus has been successfully tested at the Institut Laue-Langevin in Grenoble and is used in specific experiments, e.g., the measurement of ultracold neutron transmission through various types of neutron guides.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesNuclear physicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsFilter (video)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaLow-pass filterNuclear TheoryUltracold neutronsNeutronNeutron transmissionNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Nuclear structure of97Yin the interacting boson fermion plus broken pair model and the nature of the 3.523 MeV high-spin isomer

1998

Nuclear structure of 97Y is described in the interacting boson fermion plus broken pair model, including quasiproton and quasiproton-two-quasineutron configurations in the basis states. In particular, the yrast bands and the decay of the 27/2- high-spin isomer are accounted for in this approach.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesNuclear physicsPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsBasis (linear algebra)YrastNuclear structureFermionSpin (physics)BosonPhysical Review C
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Atomic lattice excitons: from condensates to crystals

2007

We discuss atomic lattice excitons (ALEs), bound particle-hole pairs formed by fermionic atoms in two bands of an optical lattice. Such a system provides a clean setup to study fundamental properties of excitons, ranging from condensation to exciton crystals (which appear for a large effective mass ratio between particles and holes). Using both mean-field treatments and 1D numerical computation, we discuss the properities of ALEs under varying conditions, and discuss in particular their preparation and measurement.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeMaterials scienceExcitonComputationFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesMolecular physics010305 fluids & plasmasCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterEffective mass (solid-state physics)0103 physical sciencesAtomic lattice010306 general physicsOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)New Journal of Physics
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Nanofiber-based optical trapping of cold neutral atoms

2012

We present experimental techniques and results related to the optimization and characterization of our nanofiber-based atom trap [Vetsch et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 203603 (2010)]. The atoms are confined in an optical lattice which is created using a two-color evanescent field surrounding the optical nanofiber. For this purpose, the polarization state of the trapping light fields has to be properly adjusted. We demonstrate that this can be accomplished by analyzing the light scattered by the nanofiber. Furthermore, we show that loading the nanofiber trap from a magneto-optical trap leads to sub-Doppler temperatures of the trapped atomic ensemble and yields a sub-Poissonian distribution of…

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeQuantum PhysicsMaterials scienceAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)NanophotonicsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsTrapping01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLight scatteringPhysics - Atomic Physics010309 opticsOptical tweezersNanofiber0103 physical sciencesAtomAtom opticsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAtomic physics010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Instabilities of ion motion in a linear Paul trap

2006

Abstract We have investigated the stability properties of a linear radio frequency ion trap with cylindrical electrodes. Inside the region of stability for an ideal trap we found a number of instabilities similar to those experimentally observed in three-dimensional traps. They arise from higher order contributions to the ideal quadrupole trapping potential. The static potential for axial confinement shifts the radial ion oscillation frequencies and leads to additional instabilities.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesOscillationChemistryTrappingCondensed Matter PhysicsIonNonlinear resonanceQuadrupolePhysics::Atomic PhysicsRadio frequencyIon trapPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsQuadrupole ion trapInstrumentationSpectroscopyInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry
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Relation between the Fukui function and the Coulomb hole

2005

By using a coarse-grain representation of the molecular electronic density, we demonstrate that the value of the condensed Fukui function at an atomic site is directly related to the polarization charge (Coulomb hole) induced by a test electron removed (or added) from (at) the atom. The link between the formation of an electron-hole pair and the condensed Fukui function provides insights on the possible negativity of the Fukui function which is interpreted in terms of two phenomena: overscreening and over-strengthening.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesOverscreeningChemistryCoulombNegativity effectGeneral ChemistryElectronAtomic physicsPolarization (electrochemistry)Fukui functionElectronic densityJournal of Chemical Sciences
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"Table 7" of "Measurement of the inclusive W+- and Z/gamma cross sections in the electron and muon decay channels in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV…

2014

Combined lepton charge asymmetry from W boson decays.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesP P --> W+ XInclusiveProton-Proton ScatteringAsymmetry MeasurementHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyP P --> W- XHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentW ProductionASYM
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Automatic tunable and reconfigurable fiberoptic microwave filters based on a broadband optical source sliced by uniform fiber Bragg gratings.

2002

We demonstrate an automatic tunable transversal notch filter based on uniform fiber Bragg gratings and a broadband optical source. High tunability can be performed by stretching the fiber with the gratings written in series. Also, high sidelobe supression can be achieved by introducing tunable attenuators in a parallel configuration of the gratings.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPHOSFOSMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiberLong-period fiber gratingÒpticaGraded-index fiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOpticsFiber Bragg gratingFiber optic sensorOptoelectronicsbusinessPlastic optical fiberComputer Science::DatabasesPhotonic-crystal fiberOptics express
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