Search results for " glioblastoma"
showing 10 items of 24 documents
RNA-sequencing and bioinformatic analysis to pre-assess sensitivity to targeted therapeutics in recurrent glioblastoma.
2019
e13533 Background: This study developed molecular guided tools for individualized selection of chemotherapeutics for recurrent glioblastoma (rGB). A consortium involving clinical neurooncologists, molecular biologists and bioinformaticians identified gene expression patterns in rGB and quantitatively analyzed pathways involved in response to FDA approved oncodrugs. Methods: From2016 to 2018 biopsies from GB were collected using a multisampling approach. Biopsy material was used to isolate glioma stem-like cells and examined by RNA-sequencing. RNA-seq results were subjected to differential expression (DE) analysis and Oncobox analysis – a bioinformatic tool for quantitative pathway activati…
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new anticancer drugs: FGFR inhibitors
2021
Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) constitute a family of tyrosine kinases receptors (RTKs) that exert pivotal physiological functions in human embryonic and adult tissues. Hyperactivated FGFR signaling drives tumorigenesis in multiple cancer types, including lung and brain cancers. Great effort has been laid on the development of new compounds that specifically target the FGFR axis. However, cancer cell- based and microenvironmental resistance mechanisms against FGFR inhibitors often arise and are currently poorly understood. Furthermore, FGFR-targeted therapy often presents different side effects, e due to the broad biological spectrum of the FGFR signaling axis as well as to its …
A BMP7 Variant Inhibits Tumor Angiogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo through Direct Modulation of Endothelial Cell Biology
2015
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), members of the TGF-β superfamily, have numerous biological activities including control of growth, differentiation, and vascular development. Using an in vitro co-culture endothelial cord formation assay, we investigated the role of a BMP7 variant (BMP7v) in VEGF, bFGF, and tumor-driven angiogenesis. BMP7v treatment led to disruption of neo-endothelial cord formation and regression of existing VEGF and bFGF cords in vitro. Using a series of tumor cell models capable of driving angiogenesis in vitro, BMP7v treatment completely blocked cord formation. Pre-treatment of endothelial cells with BMP7v significantly reduced their cord forming ability, indicating …
Quaking and miR-155 interactions in inflammation and leukemogenesis.
2015
Quaking (QKI) is a tumor-suppressor gene encoding a conserved RNA-binding protein, whose expression is downregulated in several solid tumors. Here we report that QKI plays an important role in the immune response and suppression of leukemogenesis. We show that the expression of Qki is reduced in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged macrophages, suggesting that Qki is a key regulator of LPS signaling pathway. Furthermore, LPS-induced downregulation of Qki expression is miR-155-dependent. Qki overexpression impairs LPS-induced phosphorylation of JNK and particularly p38 MAPKs, in addition to increasing the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In contrast, Qki ablation decreases Fas …
Inhibition of DNA methylation sensitizes glioblastoma for tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated destruction.
2005
AbstractLife expectancy of patients affected by glioblastoma multiforme is extremely low. The therapeutic use of tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been proposed to treat this disease based on its ability to kill glioma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Here, we show that, differently from glioma cell lines, glioblastoma multiforme tumors were resistant to TRAIL stimulation because they expressed low levels of caspase-8 and high levels of the death receptor inhibitor PED/PEA-15. Inhibition of methyltransferases by decitabine resulted in considerable up-regulation of TRAIL receptor-1 and caspase-8, down-regulation of PED/PEA-15, inhibition of cell growth, and …
ERGO: A pilot study of ketogenic diet in recurrent glioblastoma
2014
Limiting dietary carbohydrates inhibits glioma growth in preclinical models. Therefore, the ERGO trial (NCT00575146) examined feasibility of a ketogenic diet in 20 patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Patients were put on a low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet containing plant oils. Feasibility was the primary endpoint, secondary endpoints included the percentage of patients reaching urinary ketosis, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival. The effects of a ketogenic diet alone or in combination with bevacizumab was also explored in an orthotopic U87MG glioblastoma model in nude mice. Three patients (15%) discontinued the diet for poor tolerability. No serious adverse events attri…
Higher vascularity at infiltrated peripheral edema differentiates proneural glioblastoma subtype
2020
[EN] Background and purpose Genetic classifications are crucial for understanding the heterogeneity of glioblastoma. Recently, perfusion MRI techniques have demonstrated associations molecular alterations. In this work, we investigated whether perfusion markers within infiltrated peripheral edema were associated with proneural, mesenchymal, classical and neural subtypes. Materials and methods ONCOhabitats open web services were used to obtain the cerebral blood volume at the infiltrated peripheral edema for MRI studies of 50 glioblastoma patients from The Cancer Imaging Archive: TCGA-GBM. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were carried out in order to assess the association between vascular fea…
Cancer stem cell analysis and clinical outcome in patients with glioblastoma multiforme
2008
Abstract Purpose: Cancer stem cells (CSC) are thought to represent the population of tumorigenic cells responsible for tumor development. The stem cell antigen CD133 identifies such a tumorigenic population in a subset of glioblastoma patients. We conducted a prospective study to explore the prognostic potential of CSC analysis in glioblastoma patients. Experimental Design: We investigated the relationship between the in vitro growth potential of glioblastoma CSCs and patient death or disease progression in tumors of 44 consecutive glioblastoma patients treated with complete or partial tumorectomy followed by radiotherapy combined with temozolomide treatment. Moreover, we evaluated by immun…
The Role of Medicinal Mushrooms in Brain Cancer Therapies: Review.
2021
Medicinal mushrooms are considered an unlimited source of polysaccharides (mainly β-glucans) and polysaccharide-protein complexes and possess various immunological and anticancer properties. In addition, their use in integrative medicine leads to a clear reduction of side effects in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The literature reports a number of beneficial effects of using mushrooms as health supplements in patients affected by high-grade glioma. The effects of medicinal mushrooms on side effects in patients with brain cancer and a case study report are also described in this review.