Search results for " growth"

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ABT-594 increases FGF-2 expression in various rat brain regions

2000

The present experiments were designed to extend previous work showing that acute intermittent (-)nicotine treatment upregulates the level of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) mRNA in several rat brain regions, by the use of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist ABT-594 with preferential selectivity for the alpha4beta2 nAChR subtype. ABT594 treatment led to a well-defined temporal and regional upregulation of FGF-2 mRNA. A double labelling analysis showed that the up-regulation of FGF-2 mRNA involves both neuronal and non-neuronal cells. The effects of ABT-594 on FGF-2 expression were antagonized by the preferential alpha4beta2 antagonist dihydrobetaerythroidine (DHbetaE), but…

Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1– 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A Heteroreceptor Complexes and Their Enhancement of Hippocampal Plasticity

2011

Background The hippocampus and its 5-hydroxytryptamine transmission plays an important role in depression related to its involvement in limbic circuit plasticity. Methods The analysis was made with bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, co-immunoprecipitation, in situ proximity ligation assay, binding assay, in cell western and the forced swim test. Results Using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer analysis, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1)-5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptor complexes have been demonstrated and their specificity and agonist modulation characterized. Their presence based on co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay has also been indicated…

Imidazole derivative KK-42 reduces ecdysteroid titers and interferes with reproductive processes in adult females of Tenebrio molitor

2004

0048-3575 doi: DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2004.07.004; KK-42, an imidazole derivative considered as potent inhibitor of ecdysteroid biosynthesis, was tested on adult females of Tenebrio molitor. The compound was applied topically (0.1, 1, 5, and 10 μg/insect) on 0- or 2-day-old adult females or added to the culture medium (1 and 10 μM) of ovaries. To test the effect of KK-42 on the reproduction capacity, ovaries were explanted from 2- and 4-day-old females corresponding, respectively, to follicles at the beginning and the end of vitellogenesis. KK-42 treatment reduced the fecundity and the longevity of females, and in addition, it delayed oviposition and affected growth and development of oocyte…

Increase of the FGFR1 signaling in the FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complex in midbrain raphe 5-HT neuron systems via allosteric receptor-receptor int…

2015

The ascending midbrain 5-HT neurons known to contain 5-HT1A autoreceptors may be dysregulated in depression due to a reduced trophic support. New findings show existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes in the rat hippocampus with a partial characterization of their interface and in midbrain raphe 5-HT nerve cells. With in situ Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) and supported by co-location of the FGFR1 and 5-HT1A immunoreactivities in midbrain raphe 5-HT cells, evidence for the existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes were obtained in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the Sprague–Dawley rat. Their existence in the rat medullary raphe RN33B cell cultures was also establish…

Cutting type and IBA treatment duration affect Teucrium fruticans adventitious root quality

2014

Root development of stem cuttings of Silver Germander (Teucrium fruticans) was investigated in relation to cutting type and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatment. Terminal cuttings of a clone grown in Sicily were trimmed to three types: terminal cuttings with apex (TWA), terminal cuttings without apex (TWOA) or sub-terminal cuttings (ST). To verify the cutting response to exogenous auxin, cuttings were dipped to a 2.0 cm depth in a 0.5% indole-3-butyric acid solution for 0, 5 or 7 minutes. Overall percent survival was 97 to 98%. Rooting percent, root number and root length were affected by cutting type and indole-3-butyric acid treatment. In general, TWA cuttings demonstrated a higher capac…

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi positively affect growth of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle seedlings and show a strong association with this invasi…

2015

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may promote plant invasion by enhancing plant performance and competitiveness. However, only a small number of studies have considered the interactions between local soil microbial communities and invasive plants, and even fewer have focused on alien trees. Ailanthus altissima is a serious problem in the Mediterranean Basin, where it has invaded many habitats. We investigated the symbiosis between A. altissima and indigenous AMF in two invaded, ecologically different Mediterranean woodlands. Mycorrhizal infection was high at both sites (> 60% of the root fragments were mycorrhizal), indicating that A. altissima roots may be infected by AMF under different …

Group graded algebras and almost polynomial growth

2011

Let F be a field of characteristic 0, G a finite abelian group and A a G-graded algebra. We prove that A generates a variety of G-graded algebras of almost polynomial growth if and only if A has the same graded identities as one of the following algebras: (1) FCp, the group algebra of a cyclic group of order p, where p is a prime number and p||G|; (2) UT2G(F), the algebra of 2×2 upper triangular matrices over F endowed with an elementary G-grading; (3) E, the infinite dimensional Grassmann algebra with trivial G-grading; (4) in case 2||G|, EZ2, the Grassmann algebra with canonical Z2-grading.

Varieties with at most cubic growth

2019

Abstract Let V be a variety of non necessarily associative algebras over a field of characteristic zero. The growth of V is determined by the asymptotic behavior of the sequence of codimensions c n ( V ) , n = 1 , 2 , … , and here we study varieties of polynomial growth. We classify all possible growth of varieties V of algebras satisfying the identity x ( y z ) ≡ 0 such that c n ( V ) C n α , with 1 ≤ α 3 , for some constant C. We prove that if 1 ≤ α 2 then c n ( V ) ≤ C 1 n , and if 2 ≤ α 3 , then c n ( V ) ≤ C 2 n 2 , for some constants C 1 , C 2 .

Volume growth and parabolicity

2001

Urban growth (1956-1998) in the metropolitan area of Alacant-Elx (Comunitat Valenciana)

2007

18 páginas, 5 figuras, 4 tablas. An abbreviated English version of the paper in the same journal is also attached (Boletín de la AGE 43: 369-374).