Search results for " hepatitis"

showing 10 items of 546 documents

Can the serological status of anti-HBc alone be considered a sentinel marker for detection of occult HBV infection?

2008

Some individuals have “occult” infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV), defined as presence of HBV genome in the serum or liver tissue without HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum antibodies against HBV core antigen in isolation (“anti-HBc alone”) are a useful marker of “occult” HBV in patients with or without hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. “Anti-HBc alone” was detected in the sera of 119/6,544 (1.8%) asymptomatic outpatients referred to the diagnostic laboratory for routine testing for viral hepatitis, 62/607 (10.2%) drug users, and 42/195 (21.5%) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Using three in-house nested-PCR amplifica…

AdultMaleHBV serologic markerHBsAgHepatitis B virusGenotypeHepatitis C virusHBV genotypemedicine.disease_causeSettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataPolymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and Specificity‘‘occult’’ HBVSerologyOrthohepadnavirusVirologymedicinePrevalenceHumansSerologic TestsHCCAgedHepatitis B virusAged 80 and overbiologybusiness.industryvirus diseasesSequence Analysis DNAHepatitis C AntibodiesMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseHepatitis BVirologyHepatitis B Core AntigensHepatitis Cdigestive system diseasesInfectious DiseasesHepadnaviridaeImmunologyDNA Viralanti-HBcFemaleViral diseasebusinessViral hepatitisSentinel Surveillance
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Differential genetic determination of immune responsiveness to hepatitis B surface antigen and to hepatitis A virus: a vaccination study in twins.

2002

Summary Background The course of viral hepatitis is thought to be affected by genetic host variability and, in particular, by genes of the major histocompatibility locus. Hepatitis A and B vaccination is a useful model to study the effect of host factors on the immune response to viral antigens. We aimed to assess the heritability of the HBsAg (anti-HBs) and anti-hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) immune response and to estimate the effect of the HLA-DRB1 locus and other genetic loci unlinked to HLA. Methods We did an open prospective study and vaccinated 202 twin pairs with a combined recombinant HBsAg/inactivated hepatitis A vaccine. We measured antibodies to HBsAg and HAV and determined HLA-DR…

AdultMaleHBsAgAdolescentHepatitis A vaccineHuman leukocyte antigenBiologyHepatitis A AntibodiesmedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis B AntibodiesAgedGeneticsHepatitis B Surface AntigensVaccinationvirus diseasesHepatitis AGeneral MedicineHLA-DR AntigensHeritabilityMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationdigestive system diseasesRecombinant ProteinsImmunity ActiveHepadnaviridaeImmunologybiology.proteinTwin Studies as TopicFemaleHepatitis A virusAntibodyViral hepatitisHLA-DRB1 ChainsLancet (London, England)
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Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in dermatological patients in west Sicily: a seroepidemiological study

2002

Objectives To evaluate the relative frequencies and molecular epidemiological features of viral hepatitis types B and C in dermatological patients in our geographical area. Methods We determined the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in a cohort of 677 dermatological patients admitted to the Department of Dermatology of Palermo. An 8-mL blood sample was taken from all subjects. The following assays were used: HBsAg, anti-HB core (antigen) (anti-HBc), anti-HB surface (antigen) (anti-HBs), anti-HB early (antigen) (anti-Hbe) and anti-HCV antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results One hundred and eigh…

AdultMaleHBsAgAdolescentHepatitis C virusEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayDermatologyAntibodies Viralmedicine.disease_causeAntigenSeroepidemiologic StudiesmedicineHumansChildSicilyAgedAged 80 and overHepatitis B virusLiver infectionbiologybusiness.industryInfantvirus diseasesMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis Cdigestive system diseasesInfectious DiseasesChild PreschoolImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleAntibodybusinessViral hepatitisJournal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
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HBV DNA suppression and HBsAg clearance in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients on lamivudine therapy for over 5 years

2012

Background & Aims In long-term responder patients, it is unclear whether lamivudine (LAM) monotherapy should be continued or switched to a high-genetic-barrier analogue. This study aims at assessing LAM efficacy over a 5-year period and the residual risk of drug resistance. The rate of HBsAg clearance and LAM long-term safety profile were also evaluated. Methods One hundred and ninety-one patients with chronic HBeAg-negative hepatitis B successfully treated with LAM monotherapy for at least 5years were included. Biochemical and virological tests were assessed every 3months in all patients and HBsAg quantification was performed in 45/191. Reverse-transcriptase (RT) region was directly sequen…

AdultMaleHBsAgmedicine.medical_specialtyChronic hepatitis B; Lamivudine; Nucleos(t)ide analogues; Viral resistance; Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; DNA Viral; Female; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B e Antigens; Hepatitis B Chronic; Humans; Lamivudine; Male; Middle Aged; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Time Factors; HepatologyTime FactorsCirrhosisDrug resistanceReal-Time Polymerase Chain Reactionmedicine.disease_causeChronic hepatitis BAntiviral AgentsGastroenterologyHepatitis B ChronicInternal medicineHBVmedicineHumansViralHepatitis B e AntigensChronicAgedHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybusiness.industryViral resistanceLamivudineDNAMiddle AgedHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseNucleos(t)ide analoguesResidual riskHBeAgLamivudineDNA ViralImmunologyFemalebusinessmedicine.drug
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Familiar clustering and spreading of hepatitis delta virus infection

1985

The prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection was significantly higher among the relatives of 79 carriers of HBsAg with antibody to HDV (index cases) than among relatives of 111 carriers without serological evidence of HDV infection (controls). Antibody to HDV was found in 45 of the 80 (56%) carriers of HBsAg in families of index cases but only in 2 of 59 (3%) carriers in families of controls (P less than 0.0001). During follow-up new HDV infection developed in 31% of 13 susceptible carriers in families of index cases, but only in 1.2% of 162 susceptible carriers in families of controls (P less than 0.001). None of the family members previously unexposed to the hepatitis B virus h…

AdultMaleHBsAgvirusesmedicine.disease_causeVirusmedicineHumansHepatitis B virusHepatologybiologyInfantvirus diseasesbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionHepatitis BHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseHepatitis DVirologyHepatitis DChild PreschoolCarrier StateImmunologybiology.proteinFemaleViral diseaseAntibodyViral hepatitisFollow-Up Studies
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Virological profiles in patients with chronic hepatitis C and overt or occult HBV infection

2002

Abstract OBJECTIVES: The virological profiles of hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and their interplay in cases of coinfection are undefined. A suppressed and occult HBV infection may occur in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative patients with chronic hepatitis C. The HCV core protein is able to inhibit HBV “in vitro,” and serines at positions 99 and 116 are essential for such inhibition. We aimed to assess the HBV and HCV virological profiles in cases of coinfection and to evaluate the relationship between HCV core gene variability and HBV activity. METHODS: Eighty-two anti-HCV positive patients were examined: 35 cases were HBsAg positive, 24 were HBsAg negative with “occult”…

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusHBsAgHCV RNAHepacivirusHepatitis C virusDUAL INFECTION; INTERFERON THERAPY; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; HCV core protein; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; HCV RNAGenome ViralHepacivirusDUAL INFECTIONVirus Replicationmedicine.disease_causeCHRONIC LIVER-DISEASEHepatitis B ChronicINTERFERON THERAPYOrthohepadnavirusHEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMAmedicineHumansAgedHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybiologybusiness.industryHCV core proteinGastroenterologyvirus diseasesHepatitis C ChronicMiddle AgedViral LoadHepatitis Bbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologydigestive system diseasesHepadnaviridaeDNA ViralImmunologyCoinfectionRNA ViralFemalebusinessThe American Journal of Gastroenterology
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Sustained response after lamivudine treatment in HBe minus chronic hepatitis B

2004

AdultMaleHepatitis B virusHepatologybusiness.industryLamivudineMiddle AgedVirologyAntiviral AgentsText miningHepatitis B ChronicChronic hepatitisLamivudineSustained responseDNA ViralMedicineHumansFemaleHepatitis B e Antigensbusinessmedicine.drug
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Occult HBV infection and suppression of HCV replication in the early phase of combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C

2003

Occult HBV infection in subjects with chronic hepatitis C is related to more severe disease outcome. It has been suggested that it might reduce sensitivity to antiviral treatment.To assess in HBsAg negative subjects with chronic hepatitis C any effect of the presence of HBV genomes in the liver on the early kinetics of HCV-RNA under PEG-IFN plus ribavirin.Twenty-two anti-HCV and HCV-RNA positive subjects, with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis C (M/F 15/7; 50 +/- 8.6 years, 16 genotype 1b) were given PEG-IFN alpha 2b 1.0 microg qw plus ribavirin (800 to 1,200 mg daily according to body weight) for an intended 52 week period. Early virological response was assessed over the first 4 weeks of th…

AdultMaleHepatitis B viruspegylated interferon-alphaGenotypeBiopsyHepacivirusInterferon alpha-2Virus ReplicationAntiviral AgentsPolyethylene GlycolsHepatitis B AntibodieRibavirinchronic hepatitis CHumansHepatitis B AntibodiesAntiviral AgentHepaciviruoccult HBV infection; chronic hepatitis C; pegylated interferon-alpha; viral dynamics; treatment responseoccult HBV infectiontreatment responseInterferon-alphaAlanine TransaminaseHepatitis B viruHepatitis C AntibodiesHepatitis C ChronicMiddle AgedRecombinant ProteinViral LoadHepatitis Bviral dynamicsRecombinant ProteinsTreatment OutcomeLiverDNA ViralRNA ViralDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleHepatitis C AntibodieHuman
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Serum hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA and response to alpha-interferon in anti-HCV positive chronic hepatitis

1992

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication was assessed before and during alpha-interferon (IFN) treatment in 22 anti-HCV positive patients with posttransfusion or sporadic chronic hepatitis (CH). Eleven patients were “responders” and 11 patients “non-responders” to IFN. Thirteen anti-HCV negative healthy subjects and five anti-HCV negative patients with autoimmune CH served as controls. Serum HCV-RNA was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all untreated anti-HCV positive patients but in none of the anti-HCV negative subjects. PCR primers from the 5′-non-coding (NC) region were more sensitive than primers from a non-structural (NS5) region in detecting HCV-RNA (21/22, 95% vs. 7/22, …

AdultMaleHepatitis C virusMolecular Sequence DataDNA Single-StrandedAlpha interferonHepacivirusAutoimmune hepatitisInterferon alpha-2Virus Replicationmedicine.disease_causePolymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityVirusInterferonVirologymedicineHumansHepatitis AntibodiesViremiaBase Sequencebiologybusiness.industryInterferon-alphavirus diseasesHepatitis C AntibodiesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHepatitis CVirologyRecombinant ProteinsTiterInfectious DiseasesChronic DiseaseImmunologybiology.proteinRNA ViralFemaleViral diseaseAntibodybusinessmedicine.drugJournal of Medical Virology
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Phenotypical analysis and cytokine release of liver-infiltrating and peripheral blood T lymphocytes from patients with chronic hepatitis of different…

2008

Cytokines released by infiltrating T cells may contribute to the hepatic injury in chronic hepatitis. Therefore, we characterized peripheral blood- and liver-infiltrating T cells from patients with chronic hepatitis of different etiology and determined the T cell phenotypes and the cytokine release. Liver tissue and peripheral blood-derived T cells from patients with autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis predominantly expressed CD4-molecules and the alpha- and beta-chains of the T cell receptor (TCR). In chronic viral hepatitis B and C, liver- and blood-derived T cells were preferentially CD8+ T cells expressing the alpha beta TCR. Mitogenic stimulation with irradiated Daudi ly…

AdultMaleHepatitis Viral HumanT cellAutoimmune hepatitisLymphocyte ActivationHepatitisImmunophenotypingInterleukin 21T-Lymphocyte SubsetsmedicineCytotoxic T cellHumansIL-2 receptorChildAgedHepatitis ChronicHepatitisHepatologybusiness.industryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseNatural killer T cellFlow Cytometrymedicine.anatomical_structureLiverImmunologyChronic DiseaseCytokinesFemalebusinessCD8Liver
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