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showing 10 items of 868 documents
Antiepileptic drug use in nursing homes
2007
Contrary to former views, the incidence rate of epilepsy after the age of 65 years is higher than in childhood and adolescence, and epileptic seizures are one of the most common neurological problems in the elderly. Given that the incidence of epilepsy increases with advancing age and is not accompanied by an increase in mortality and given that elderly people now live longer, the prevalence of epilepsy is increasing with older age. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the primary treatment for epilepsy, although they are prescribed for other conditions too. Among nursing home residents the prevalence of seizures or epilepsy is between 5 and 8%, while AEDs are taken by approximately 5–10%. It is…
Long-Term Ventilation in Neuromuscular Patients: Review of Concerns, Beliefs, and Ethical Dilemmas
2019
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) is an effective treatment in patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD) to improve symptoms, quality of life, and survival. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> NIV should be used early in the course of respiratory muscle involvement in NMD patients and its requirements may increase over time. Therefore, training on technical equipment at home and advice on problem solving are warranted. Remote monitoring of ventilator parameters using built-in ventilator software is recommended. Telemedicine may be helpful in reducing hospital admissions. Anticipatory planning and palliative care should be …
Hvordan påvirkes arbeidsprosesser ved innføring av EPJ og velferdsteknologi på sykehjem
2018
Masteroppgave i helse- og sosialinformatikk HSI500 - Universitetet i Agder 2018 In order to be better equipped in the challenges of the future, with an increasing number of elderly and fewer professionals to care for them, the government emphasizes the importance of service innovation in the healthcare sector. Change is required to gain socioeconomic benefits, particularly in work processes. More frequent and better use of electronic medical record (EMR) and welfare technology is necessary. The purpose of this study was to bring information and knowledge about how using technology in the nursing homes has transformed the work processes. Qualitative, exploratory method with semi-structured i…
Municipalities’ Decision to Care: At Home or in a Nursing Home
2020
AbstractAn almost ideal demand system for long-term care is estimated using data from Norway, where the split of long-term care between home care and care in nursing homes is determined by municipalities. Previous literature has barely addressed what determines municipalities’ or other organizations’ allocations of resources to the sub-sectors of long-term care. The results show that home care is a luxury, while nursing home care is a necessity with respect to total expenditures on long-term care. Municipalities respond to high unit costs for home care by reducing that type of care. Municipalities are highly responsive to variations in the need for the two types of care and seem to provide …
Trade Costs, Trade Balances, and Current Accounts: an application of Gravity to Multilateral Trade
2005
In this paper we test the well-known hypothesis of Obstfeld and Rogoff (NBER Macroeconomics Annual 7777:339–390, 2000) that trade costs are the key to explaining the so-called Feldstein–Horioka puzzle. Our approach has a number of novel features. First, we focus on the interrelationship between trade costs, the trade account and the Feldstein–Horioka puzzle. Second, we use the gravity model to estimate the effect of trade costs on bilateral trade and, third, we show how bilateral trade can be used to draw inferences about desired trade balances and desired intertemporal trade. Our econometric results provide strong support for the Obstfeld and Rogoff hypothesis and we are also able to recon…
New therapeutic strategies for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
2008
Although the precise etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) still remains unclear, considerable progress has been made in the identification of cytokine-mediated signaling pathways involved in the inflammatory process. Recent data have clearly shown that these pathways induce augmented intestinal T-cell activation and thus resistance to apoptosis, which is a central process in disease pathogenesis, as it impairs mucosal homeostasis. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies aim at restoring activated effector T-cell susceptibility to apoptosis in the gut, based on a pathophysiological rationale. This development is best exemplified by the emergence of agents that target the TNF pathway,…
The Impact of Using Measurements of Electrodermal Activity in the Assessment of Problematic Behaviour in Dementia
2018
Background: A major and complex challenge when trying to support individuals with dementia is meeting the needs of those who experience changes in behaviour and mood. Aim: To explore how a sensor measuring electrodermal activity (EDA) impacts assistant nurses’ structured assessments of problematic behaviours amongst people with dementia and their choices of care interventions. Methods: Fourteen individuals with dementia wore a sensor that measured EDA. The information from the sensor was presented to assistant nurses during structured assessments of problematic behaviours. The evaluation process included scorings with the instrument NPI-NH (Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Nursing Home version), …
Attention and Planning in Older Adults
1997
In a study with 48 adults between 65 and 97 years of age, we examined the influence of working memory, inhibitory efficiency, and attentional flexibility on the ability to solve efficiently a complex planning task: 26 of the subjects were living independently in their own home, and 22 subjects were recruited from nursing homes. Subjects first participated in a number of cognitive ability tests. They then had to plan a trip for a group of 20 people. The results indicate that inhibitory efficiency combined with the flexible use of attentional resources can account for substantial amounts of variance in the planning task. The results support the view that chronological age does not necessaril…
Early asymmetric cues triggering the dorsal/ventral gene regulatory network of the sea urchin embryo
2014
Dorsal/ventral (DV) patterning of the sea urchin embryo relies on a ventrally-localized organizer expressing Nodal, a pivotal regulator of the DV gene regulatory network. However, the inceptive mechanisms imposing the symmetry-breaking are incompletely understood. In Paracentrotus lividus, the Hbox12 homeodomain-containing repressor is expressed by prospective dorsal cells, spatially facing and preceding the onset of nodal transcription. We report that Hbox12 misexpression provokes DV abnormalities, attenuating nodal and nodal-dependent transcription. Reciprocally, impairing hbox12 function disrupts DV polarity by allowing ectopic expression of nodal. Clonal loss-of-function, inflicted by b…
The RNA-binding protein ELAV regulates Hox RNA processing, expression and function within the Drosophila nervous system
2014
The regulated head-to-tail expression of Hox genes provides a coordinate system for the activation of specific programmes of cell differentiation according to axial level. Recent work indicates that Hox expression can be regulated via RNA processing but the underlying mechanisms and biological significance of this form of regulation remain poorly understood. Here we explore these issues within the developing Drosophila central nervous system (CNS). We show that the pan-neural RNA-binding protein (RBP) ELAV (Hu antigen) regulates the RNA processing patterns of the Hox gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx) within the embryonic CNS. Using a combination of biochemical, genetic and imaging approaches we demo…